Webb, J. C., & Co., 479, 480, 482. Webb v. Sachs, 788, 793, 794, 798, 806, 809, 819. Webb & Taylor, 683. Webb, Wm. D., & Co., 744. Weber Furniture Co., 616, 619, 621. Weeks, George S., 467, 501. Weisenfeld v. Mispelhorn, 111. Welch, William, 382, 509. Welles, 610. Wells et al., Ex parte H. B. Claflin & Co., 15, 239, 245, 252, 253, 257, 301. Wells, J. L.. 243. Wells v. Brackett, 108, 186. Wells v. Brander, 362, 365. Wells v. Dalrymple, 179. Wells v. Lamprey, 648. West Phila. Bk. v. Dickson, 784. Western S. & T. Co., 209, 267, 270, 274, 280, 289. Wetmore & Bro. 124. Whipple, R. M.. 114. White, William F., 671, 672. White v. Cushing. 719. White v. Griffing, 768. White v. How, 722. White v. Jones, 156, 433. White & May, 444. White v. Platt, 695. White v. Raftery, 233, 809, 824. White v. Roperty, 16. Whitehead, John B., 377, 389, 595. Whithed v. Pillsbury, 363, 872, 412. 496. Whiting, Chester M., 634. Whitman v. Butler, 113, 130, 522. Whitney, 629. Whitney et al., 673. Whyte, William, 539. Wicks & Co. v. Perkins, 518, 524. Wierlaski, Jacob, 212. Wiggers, 643, 692. Wilbur, Jeremiah G., 114, 129, 131. Wilbur v. Wilson, 370. Wilbur v. Stockholders, 399, 400, 485, 486. Wild, 467. Wiley, William H., 501, 751. Wilkinson v. Dobbie, 155, 158. Wilkinson v. Wait, 379, 388. Williams, Daniel, 595. Williams, David B., 362, 366, 468, 585, 605. Williams, Elias G., 298, 305. Williams, Henry B., 748. Williams, Ziba, 380, 381, 392. Williams v. Atkinson, 367, 698. Williams & Co., 236, 238, 242, 254, 266, 277, 738, 787. Williams v. Harkins, 472, 703. Williams & McPheeters, 280, 642. Williams v. Robbins, 716. Williams y. Vermeule, 447. Williams v. Whiting, 634. Williamson v. Colcord, 351, 352. Williamson v. Dickens, 695, 705, 706. Willis v. Carpenter, 165, 546. Wills v. Claflin, 187. Wilmot, Justus B., 646, Wilson, George, 656. Wilson, Guy, 261, 262. Wilson. W. F., 682. Wilson v. Brinkman et al., 130, 150, 798, 806, 824. Wilson v. Capuro, 632. Wilson v. City Bank of St. Paul, 234, 241, 789, 794. 798, 805, 806, S17. Wilson & Greig, 609, 611, 612. Wilson v. Harper, 187. Wright, Charles R., et al., 654. Wright, George C., 387. Winslow v. Clark, 524, 525, 787, 803, Worthington, 134, 504. 825. Winsor, 648, 659. Winsor v. Kendall, 241, 344, 803, 814. Wright, John S., 14, 219, 466, 564, Winsor v. McLellan, 352, 359. Winter (In re Barrow, re Loeb, Simon & Co., re Winter), 110. Winters v. Claitor, 395, 828. Winter v. Iowa M. & North Pacific Wood v. Grundy, 186. Wood v. Hazen, 632. Wood M. & R. Co. v. Brooke, 133, 346, 433. Wood v. Owings, 25, 792. Woodard v. Herbert, 471, 475. Woods, Thomas, 246, 256, 303. Woods v. Buckwell, 173. 603, 631, 700. Wright, Joseph B., 247, 788, 805, 807, 809, 818. Wright, J. W., 204. Wright v. Johnson, 149, 335. Wright v. Nat'l. Bk., 399. Wright v. Watkins, 108, 701. Wyatt, W., 655, 656. Wylie, William H., 335, 378, 383, 384. Wylie v. Breck, 479, 482. Wynne, Charles H., 18, 113, 358, 403, 429, 479, 482, 497, 511, 786, 791, 792. Yarborough v. Wood, 491. Yates v. Hollingsworth, 716, 718. Yeatman v. N. O. Sav. Bk., 402, 430. Yeaton, R. F., 481, 482. York & Hoover, 141, 162, 165, 172, 176, 206, 510, 511, 522. Young v. Ridenbaugh, 685. Zahm v. Fry, 121, 152, 552, 807, 815, Zantzinger v. Ribble, 336, 419, 427. Woodward, George & Julius C., 565. Zeiber v. Hill, 366, 367. Woods v. Forsyth, 146. Woods v. Oakman, 344. Woodward, Wm. S., 197, 565. Woolfolk v. Gunn, 116. Woolfolk v. Murray, 389. Woolfolk v. Plant, 698. Woolford, Staats D., 568. Woolsey v. Cade, 694. Zeigler v. Shomo, 336, 435, 517. Ziegenfuss, John, 97, 336. Zimmer v. Schleehauf, 470, 636. Zinn et al., 605, 606. Zollar v. Janvrin, 368, 722. Zug & Co., 160, 543, 737. INTRODUCTION. BANKRUPTCY LAWS. I. Bankruptcy in the United States. Since the adoption of the Constitution of the United States, providing that "Congress shall have power to establish uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies", and prior to the recent act of 1898, establishing such system, three other enactments on the subject have been passed by Congress; the first, during the administration of John Adams, on April 4, 1800, repealed December 19, 1803; the second, during the administration of John Quincy Adams, on August 19, 1841, repealed March 3, 1843, by the same Congress which enacted it; and the third, during the administration of Andrew Johnson, on March 2, 1867, (and amendments. thereof) repealed by the act of June 7, 1878, which by its terms did not take effect until September 1, 1878. While in force, the law of 1867 was amended by the acts of July 27, 1868 (15 Stat. 227); June 30, 1870 (16 Stat. 173); July 14, 1870 (16 Stat. 276); June 8, 1872 (17 Stat. 334), being declaratory of the true intent and meaning of section 2 of the law of 1867; February 13, 1873 (17 Stat. 436); March 3, 1873 (17 Stat. 577), being also declaratory in its pur Included in the repealing act which took effect September 1, 1878, were the acts of June 22, 1874, and the seven others amendatory of the law of March 2, 1867; thus erasing from the books all bankruptcy statutes of federal origin. Since this time, until the enactment of the late law, state laws then existing but until then suspended, together with those afterward enacted, have prescribed the rights of, and practice concerning, insolvents. The present act took effect July 1, 1898, and marks a new period in the history of this interesting subject, interesting alike to the public, the creditor and the bankrupt; to which latter class the past seventeen years of new busitress methods and speculative tendencies have consigned many honest men, whose return to their accustomed avocations will prove beneficent not alone to themselves, but to their former creditors and the country at large. This work will present the law as it now is, quoting freely from the law of 1867 and the decisions of courts of bankruptcy, construing its provisions so far as they tend to elucidate the act of 1898. - II. Bankruptcy in England. Numerous early statutes were passed by the Parliament of England relating to bankruptcy, among the most important being the act, of 6 George IV, chapter 16, of date the 2nd of May, 1825, which consolidated the law into one act, and repealed the following statutes: 34 and 35 Henry VIII, chapter 4; 13 Elizabeth, chapter 7; 1 James I, chapter 15; 21 James I, chapter 19; 13 and 14 Charles II, chapter 24; 10 Anne, chapter 15; 7 George I, chapter 31; 4 George III, chapter 33; 5 George IV, chapter 98. The act of 6 George IV, chapter 16, remained in force until modified by statutes 1 and 2 William IV, chapter 56; and until 5 and 6 Victoria repealed all laws inconsistent with this later act. By statutes 1 and 2 William IV, chapter 56, and letters-patent pursuant thereto, a Court of Bankruptcy was established, consisting at first of a chief judge and three associates, and six commissioners, |