(a) General. (1) A "whole segment" means any grapefruit segment that is substantially intact and retains its apparent original conformation.

(2) A "practically whole segment" means any portion of a grapefruit segment that is not less than 75 percent of its apparent original size and is not excessively trimmed.

(b) (A) classification. Sample units of canned grapefruit that consist of not less than 65 percent by weight of the drained grapefruit in whole and/or practically whole segments may be given a score of 21 to 25 points.

(c) (B) classification. Sample units of canned grapefruit that consist of less than 65 percent but not less than 40 percent by weight of the drained grapefruit in whole and/or practically whole segments may be given a score of 17 to 20 points. In addition the sample average (average of all sample units representing a lot) shall not be less than 50 percent by weight of whole and/or practically whole segments. Sample units of canned grapefruit that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.)

(d) (Broken) classification. Sample units of canned grapefruit that individually consist of less than 40 percent by weight of the drained grapefruit in whole and/or practically whole segments, or average (average of all sample units) is less than 50 percent by weight of the drained grapefruit in whole and/or practically whole segments may be given a score of 0 to 16 points. Sample units of canned grapefruit that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Broken, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.)

(a) (A) classification. Canned grapefruit that has a good color may be given a score of 23 to 25 points. "Good color" means a practically uniform, bright, typical color free from any noticeable tinge of amber.

(b) (B) classification. Canned grapefruit that has a reasonably good color may be given a score of 21 or 22 points. Canned grapefruit that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Reasonably good color" means a fairly bright color which may be variable but is not off-color for any reason.

(c) (SStd.) classification. Canned grapefruit that fails to meet the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.)

§ 52.1151 Defects.

(a) General. The factor of defects refers to the degree of freedom from extraneous vegetable material, from seeds, from portions of albedo, from portions of tough membrane, from damaged units, and from other similar defects.

(1) "Extraneous vegetable material" means leaves, portions of leaves, small pieces of peel, and other similar material that is harmless.

(2) "Seed" means any seed or any portion thereof, whether or not fully developed, that measures more than 346 inch in any dimension.

(3) "Large seed" means any seed or any portion thereof, whether or not fully developed, that measures more than 3% inch in any dimension.

(4) "Damaged unit" means any grapefruit segment or portion thereof that is damaged by lye peeling, by discoloration, or by similar injury or that is otherwise damaged to such an extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is materially affected.

(b) (A) classification. Canned grapefruit that is practically free from defects may be given a score of 23 to 25 points. "Practically free from defects" means that:

(1) All defects present, whether or not specifically defined or listed in this sec

(a) General. The factor of character refers to the structure and condition of the cells of the grapefruit and reflects the maturity of the grapefruit.

(b) (A) classification. Canned grapefruit that has a good character may be given a score of 23 to 25 points. "Good character" means that the grapefruit segments are moderately firm and fleshy; that the segments or portions thereof possess a juicy, cellular structure free from dry cells, or "ricey" cells, or fibrous cells that materially affects the appearance or eating quality of the product.

(c) (B) classification. Canned grapefruit that has a reasonably good character may be given a score of 21 or 22 points. Canned grapefruit that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Reasonably good character" means that the grapefruit segments may be affected, but not seriously so, by dry cells, "ricey" cells or fibrous cells that detract from the appearance or eating quality of the product.

(d) (SStd.) classification. Canned grapefruit that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.)

LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION § 52.1153

lot.

Ascertaining the grade of a

58-037-76- -15

It is hereby found that good cause exists for not postponing the effective date of this revision until 30 days after publication hereof in the FEDERAL REGISTER (5 U.S.C. 553) in that:

(1) The processing of canned grapefruit will begin in mid-October in Florida, the only producing area;

(2) Processors of canned grapefruit are aware of the provisions of this revision, its purpose, and the effect it will have on the evaluation of canned grapefruit; and

(3) No changes in production are required that cannot be effectuated immediately.

Subpart-United States Standards for Grades of Frozen Grapefruit

SOURCE: 52.1171 to 52.1180 appear at 18 FR 7989, Dec. 9, 1953, unless otherwise noted.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND GRADES § 52.1171 Product description.

Frozen grapefruit is prepared from the matured fruit of the grapefruit tree (Citrus paradisi), after the fruit has been washed and peeled, and has been separated into segments by removing the core, seeds, and membrane; may be packed with or without packing media; and is frozen and stored at temperatures necessary for the preservation of the product.

§ 52.1172 Grades of frozen grapefruit.

(a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of frozen grapefruit of which not less than 75 percent by weight of the grapefruit consists of segments that are whole or almost whole; that possesses a practically uniform, bright, typical color;

that is practically free from defects; that possesses a good character; that possesses a normal flavor and odor; and scores not less than 90 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(b) "U.S. Grade B" or "U.S. Choice" is the quality of frozen grapefruit of which not less than 50 percent by weight of the grapefruit consists of segments that are whole or almost whole; that possesses a reasonably uniform and reasonably good color; that is reasonably free from defects; that possesses a reasonably good character; that possesses a normal flavor and odor; and scores not less than 80 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "U.S. Broken" is the quality of frozen grapefruit of which less than 50 percent by weight of the grapefruit consists of segments that are whole or almost whole; that possesses a reasonably uniform and reasonably good color; that is reasonably free from defects; that possesses a reasonably good character; that possesses a normal flavor and odor; and scores not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(d) "U.S. Grade D" or "Substandard" is the quality of frozen grapefruit that fails to meet the requirements of U.S. Grade B or US. Choice and U.S. Broken.

FACTORS OF QUALITY

§ 52.1173 Ascertaining the grade.

(a) The grade of frozen grapefruit is determined immediately after thawing to the extent that the units may be separated easily. Such grade may be ascertained by considering, in addition to the requirements of the respective grade, the following factors: Wholeness, color, absence of defects, and character.

(b) The relative importance of each factor has been expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given for each factor is:

(c) "Normal flavor and odor" means that the grapefruit is free from objectionable flavors, off flavors, and objectionable odors of any kind.

§ 52.1174

Ascertaining the rating of each factor.

The essential variations within each factor are so described that the value may be ascertained for each factor and expressed numerically. The numerical range within each factor is inclusive (for example, "18 to 20 points" means 18, 19, or 20 points).

§ 52.1175 Wholeness.

(a) Definitions. (1) "Whole" or "whole segment" means any segment that retains its apparent original conformation, is not excessively trimmed, and weighs not less than % ounce. A whole segment that that is excessively trimmed or weighs less than 3% ounce is considered a broken segment.

(2) "Almost whole" or "almost whole segment" means any portion of a segment that is not less than 75 percent of the apparent original segment size, is not excessively trimmed, and weighs not less than 3% ounce. An almost whole segment that is excessively trimmed or that weighs less than 3% ounce is considered a broken segment.

(3) "Broken" or "broken segment* means a portion of a segment that is less than 75 percent of the apparent original segment size, a whole or almost whole segment that is excessively trimmed, & whole or almost whole segment that weighs less than 3% ounce, and portions of segments that are joined together only by a "thread" or membrane.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen grapefruit that consists of not less than 75 percent by weight of units that are whole or almost whole segments may be given a score of 18 to 20 points.

(c) (B) classification. If the frozen grapefruit consists of at least 50 percent but less than 75 percent by weight of units that are whole or almost whole segments, a score of 16 or 17 points may be given. Frozen grapefruit that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

(d) (Broken) classification. If the frozen grapefruit consists of less than 50 percent by weight of the units that are whole or almost whole segments, a score

of 0 to 15 points may be given. Frozen grapefruit that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Broken, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

(e) General. The evaluation of the score points for the factor of wholeness may be determined from Table No. I of this paragraph which indicates the score range in the respective grades and denotes the minimum requirement for whole or almost whole segments and the maximum allowances for broken segments for the score indicated.

(a) General. Federal inspection certificates may designate pink grapefruit whenever that fact is determined.

(1) The uniformity and intensity of the typical color is considered in determining the factor of color.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen grapefruit that possesses a practically uniform, bright, typical color may be given a score of 18 to 20 points. "Practically uniform, bright, typical color" means that the grapefruit may possess not more than a slight variation from the typical color of properly matured grapefruit or pink grapefruit from which prepared.

(c) (B) classification. If the frozen grapefruit possesses a reasonably uni

form and reasonably good color, a score of 16 or 17 points may be given. Frozen grapefruit that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U.S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably uniform and reasonably good color" means that the grapefruit may be variable in color, is fairly bright, and is not off color.

(d) (SStd) classification. Frozen grapefruit that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 15 points and shall not be graded above U. S. Grade D or Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

(a) General. The factor of absence of defects refers to the degree of freedom from harmless extraneous material, from seeds, from portions of covering membrane, and from damaged units.

(1) "Harmless extraneous material” means leaves, small pieces of peel, and other similar material.

(2) "Seed" means any seed, whether or not fully developed, that measures more than 16 inch in any dimension. A "large seed" is one that may be plump and measures more than 3⁄41⁄2 inch in any dimension.

(3) "Damaged unit" means any unit that is damaged by pathological injury, by lye peeling, by discoloration, or by similar injury or that is damaged to such an extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is seriously affected.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen grapefruit that is practically free from defects may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Practically free from defects" means that no harmless extraneous material is present; that not more than 5 percent by weight of the grapefruit may be damaged units; and that for each 16 ounces of net weight there may be present:

(1) Not more than 6 seeds including not more than 1 large seed; and

(2) Not more than an aggregate area of 1 square inch on the units covered by membrane.