Code of Federal Regulations: Containing a Codification of Documents of ...

(b) "U. S. Grade B" or "U. S. Choice" is the quality of frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice which reconstitutes properly and of which the reconstituted juice possesses a good color; is reasonably free from defects; possesses a good flavor; and scores not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "Substandard" is the quality of frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that fails to meet the requirements of U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice.

FILL OF CONTAINER

§ 52.1314 Recommended fill of container.

The recommended fill of container is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purposes of these grades. It is recommended that each container be filled with frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice as full as practicable without impairment of quality.

FACTORS OF QUALITY

§ 52.1315 Ascertaining the grade.

(a) The grade of frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice is ascertained by considering in conjunction with the requirements of the respective grade, the respective ratings for the factors of color, absence of defects, and flavor.

(b) The relative importance of each factor which is scored is expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given such factors are:

(a) (A) classification. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice of which the reconstituted juice possesses a very good color may be given a score of 17 to 20 points. "Very good color" means that the color is bright, light yellow-orange, and typical of freshly extracted juices of such a blend and is free from any trace of browning indicative of scorching, oxidation, caramelization, or other causes.

(b) (B) classification. If the reconstituted juice possesses a "good color," a score of 14 to 16 points may be given. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Good color" means that the color may range from light yellow to light amber, is fairly typical of freshly extracted juices of such a blend and may be slightly dull or may show traces of browning but is not off color for any reason.

(c) (SStd) classification. If the reconstituted juice fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, a score of 0 to 13 points may be given. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.1318 Absence of defects.

(a) General. The factor of absence of defects refers to the degree of freedom from seeds and portions thereof, from excessive juice cells, from free and suspended pulp, from recoverable oil, and from other defects.

(1) "Free and suspended pulp" means particles of membrane, core, and peel and other similar extraneous materials in the reconstituted blended grapefruit juice and orange juice.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice of which the reconstituted juice is practically free from defects may be given a score of 34 to 40 points. "Practically free from defects" means that there may be present: (1) Small seeds or portions thereof that are of such size that they could pass through round perforations not exceeding one-eighth inch in diameter, provided such seeds or portions thereof do not materially affect the appearance or drinking quality of the juice; (2) juice cells that do not materially affect the appearance or drinking quality of the juice; (3) other defects that are not more than slightly objectionable, and (4) not more than 12 percent free and suspended pulp. To score in this classification the frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice may contain not more than 0.097 ml. of recoverable oil per 100 grams of the concentrated product.

(c) (B) classification. If the reconstituted juice is reasonably free from defects, a score of 28 to 33 points may be concentrated blended given. Frozen grapefruit juice and orange juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B or U.S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that there may be present: (1) Small seeds or portions thereof that are of such size that they could pass through round perforations not exceeding one-eighth inch in diameter, provided such seeds or portions thereof do not seriously affect the appearance or drinking quality of the juice; (2) juice cells that do not seriously affect the appearance or drinking quality of the juice; (3) other defects that are not materially objectionable, and (4) not more than 18 percent free and suspended pulp. To score in this classification the frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice may contain not more than 0.113 ml. of recoverable oil per 100 grams of the concentrated product.

(d) (SStd) classification. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above Substand

U. S. Grade A or U. S. Fancy

U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice

percent by weight percent by weight

Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum

46.8°

46.9°

47.0°

3.62

47.1°

47.2°

3.12 47.3°

3.64

and orange juice shall meet the following requirements for the respective style:

(1) Style I, without sweetening ingredient added. The ratio of Brix value to acid is not less than 10 to 1 nor more than 16 to 1 (See Table I).

(2) Style II, with sweetening ingredient added. The ratio of Brix value to acid is not less than 11 to 1 nor more than 13 to 1 (See Table II).

(b) (B) classification. If the reconstituted juice possesses a good flavor, a score of 28 to 33 points may be given. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Good flavor" means that the flavor is fairly typical of freshly extracted juices of such a blend and is free from abnormal or off flavors of any kind. To score not less than 28 points frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice shall meet the following requirements for the respective style:

(1) Style I, without sweetening ingredient added. The ratio of Brix value to acid is not less than 8 to 1 nor more than 18 to 1 (See Table I).

(2) Style II, with sweetening ingredient added. The ratio of Brix value to acid is not less than 9 to 1 nor more than 13 to 1 (See Table II).

and orange juice fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, a score of 0 to 27 points may be given. Frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

EXPLANATIONS AND METHODS OF
ANALYSES

§ 52.1320 Definitions of terms as used in these standards.

(a) "Oranges" means oranges of the sweet orange group (Citrus sinensis) and the Mandarin group (Citrus reticulata), except tangerines.

(b) "Reconstituted juice" means the product obtained by mixing thoroughly 3 parts by volume of distilled water and one part by volume of frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice.

(c) "Reconstitutes properly" means that the reconstituted juice shows no material separation of colloidal or suspended matter, leaving a zone of definitely clear liquid without any turbidity, after standing four (4) hours at a temperature of not less than 68 degrees Fahrenheit in a clear glass tube or cylinder (such as a 50 ml. graduated cylinder).

(d) "Acid" means the percent by weight of acid (calculated as anhydrous citric acid) in frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice.

TABLE III-CORRECTIONS FOR OBTAINING BRIX VALUE

(e) "Brix value" in frozen concentrated blended grapefruit juice and orange juice is the refractometric sucrose value determined in accordance with the International Scale of Refractive Indices of Sucrose Solutions and to which the applicable correction for acid is added. (See Table III for corrections.) § 52.1321 Explanation of analyses.

(a) The measurement of Brix value is determined on the thawed concentrate in accordance with the refractometric method for sugars and sugar products, outlined in the "Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists."

Standard bromide-bromate solution-prepared and standardized to 0.099N in accordance with Chapter 42, Standard Solutions in the current edition of the AOAC. For use, add 1 volume of standard solution to 3 volumes of water to make 0.0247N solution. 1 ml. of 0.0247N solution supplies bromine to react with 0.00085g., or 0.0010 ml., of d-limonene. The solutions are stable for 6 months.

2-Propanol-Reagent grade ACS (American Chemical Society).

Dilute hydrochloric acid-prepared by adding 1 volume of concentrated acid to 2 volumes of water.

Methyl orange indicator-0.1 percent in water.

(ii) Distill into a 150 ml. beaker. Continue distilling until solvent ceases to reflux then remove the flask from the heater.

(111) Add 10 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid and 1 drop of indicator. (An alternative method would be to prepare a solution containing 5 ml. of indicator and 1,000 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid-then add 10 ml. of this acid-indicator mix to the 150 ml. beaker.)

(iv) Titrate with the dilute bromate solution while stirring. The major portion of the titrant may be added rapidly, but the endpoint must be approached at about 1 drop per second. Disappearance of color indicates the endpoint.

(v) Determine the reagent blank by titrating three separate mixtures of 25 ml. 2-Propanol and 10 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid with indicator-without refilling the burette. Divide the total ml. of titrant used by three to obtain the average blank. Subtract the average blank thus obtained from the ml. of titrant used to titrate the distillate.

(vi) Multiply the remainder by 0.004 to obtain the percent recoverable oil by volume in the juice sample.

(vii) The ml. of recoverable oil per 100 grams of the concentrate is determined as follows:

ml. recoverable oil per 100 grams concentrate [percent oil by volume recovered] 4

specific gravity of the concentrate (d) "Free and suspended pulp" is determined by the following method: Graduated centrifuge tubes with a capacity of 50 ml. are filled with the reconstituted blended grapefruit juice and orange juice and placed in a suitable centrifuge. The speed is adjusted, according to diameter, as indicated in Table IV, and the juice is centrifuged for exactly 10 minutes. As used herein, "diameter" means the over-all distance between the bottoms of opposing centrifuge tubes in operating position. After centrifuging, the milliliter reading at the