(f) (SStd.) Classification. Canned tomatoes that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 13 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) § 52.5167 Wholeness. (a) General. The factor of wholeness concerns the conformation of the tomatoes and the weight of the pieces of tomato that remain on the screen after draining as described in § 52.5166. (b) Definitions. (1) "Whole or almost whole tomatoes" are tomatoes of any size that are substantially whole in that (i) the contour of the tomato is not materially affected by coring, trimming, or other means; (ii) the tomato may be cracked or split but not to the extent that there is material loss of seed or placenta (gelatinous mass filling seed cavity) or serious opening in the seed cavity; and (iii) the units may be readily restored to, and handled, in practically their original shape. (2) "Large piece" of tomato is a piece of tomato that weighs not less than 12 ounces. (3) "Drained tomatoes" means all of the tomato material that remains on the screen after draining as prescribed in § 52.5166. (c) (A Whole) Classification. If not less than 95 percent by weight of the drained tomatoes are whole or almost whole a score of 20 points may be given. (d) (A) Classification. If less than 95 percent but not less than 80 percent by weight of the drained tomatoes are whole or almost whole a score of 18 or 19 points may be given. (e) (B) Classification. If not less than 70 percent by weight of the drained tomatoes consist of whole or almost whole tomatoes and/or large pieces & score of 16 or 17 points may be given. (f) (C) Classification. If less than 70 percent by weight of the drained tomatoes consist of whole or almost whole tomatoes and/or large pieces a score of 14 or 15 points may be given. Canned tomatoes that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) § 52.5168 Color. (a) Definitions. (1) “USDA Tomato Red" means the color of an approved 58-037-76 43 plastic color comparator of this designation. (2) "Minimum Red for Canned Tomatoes" means the equivalent of any of the colors produced by blending the combinations of the following Munsell color discs of equal diameter when placed as indicated: Red-Munsell 5 R 2.6/13 (glossy finish). The discs are placed so that one-third of the area of the Red disc, and not more than one-third of the area of the Yellow disc, are exposed. The exposed areas of the Black and Grey discs make up the remainder of the area. (b) Availability of color references. The colors referred to in this section are available from approved suppliers under license from the Agricultural Marketing Service. Information about these colors and their availability may be obtained from: Processed Products Standardization and Inspection Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Division, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 20250. (c) (A) and (A Whole) Classifications. Canned tomatoes that have a good color may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Good color" means a color that is typical of tomatoes of the red or reddish varieties and that of the total outer surface areas of the tomatoes: (1) Not less than 90 percent are as red as "USDA Tomato Red;" (2) not more than 5 percent may be yellow or may possess less red than Minimum Red for Canned Tomatoes; and (3) none are a distinct vivid green. (d) (B) Classification. If the canned tomatoes have a reasonably good color a score of 24 to 26 points may be given. Canned tomatoes that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Reasonably good color" means a color that is typical of tomatoes of the red or reddish varieties, and that of the total outer surface areas of the tomatoes: (1) Not less than 50 percent are as red as "USDA Tomato Red;" (2) not more than 10 percent are yellow or are less red than "Minimum Red for Canned Tomatoes;" and (3) none are a distinct vivid green. (e) (C) Classification. If the canned tomatoes possess a fairly good color, a score of 21 to 23 points may be given. Canned tomatoes that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Fairly good color" means that the red predominates to the extent that the 50 percent of the drained tomatoes which possess the least redness are as red or redder than "Minimum Red for Canned Tomatoes" as determined by the following test: (1) Remove the drained tomatoes from the sieve after draining as described under the factor of "Drained Weight." (2) Cut out and segregate successively those portions of tomatoes of least redness until 50 percent of the drained weight has been so segregated. Comminute the segregated portions (of least redness) to a uniform mixture without removing the seeds. (3) Fill the mixture into a black container to a depth of at least one inch. Free the mixture from air bubbles, and skim off or press below the surface all visible seeds. (4) Compare the color of the mixture, in full diffused daylight or its equivalent, with the "Minimum Red for Canned Tomatoes." Canned (f) (SStd.) Classification. tomatoes that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) § 52.5169 Defects. (a) Definitions. The factor of defects concerns the degree of freedom from tomato peel, objectionable core material, blemished areas, discolored areas, harmless extraneous materials, and other similar defects. (1) "Objectionable core material" means tomato material associated with the core of the tomato or its attachment which detract from the appearance or edibility of the product and includes tough fibres and tough or slightly discolored tomato tissue. (2) "Blemished areas" are abnormal areas on the tomatoes which contrast strongly in color and/or texture with the normal tomato tissue. Such areas would normally be removed in the preparation of tomatoes for culinary use. (3) "Discolored portions" refers to imperfections of the tomato tissue which may not be of strongly contrasting color with respect to the tomato tissue but which detract slightly from the appearance of the product. (4) "Harmless extraneous material" consists of tomato leaves, stems, calyx bracts, and similar harmless plant material. (b) (A) and (A Whole) Classifications. Canned tomatoes that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Practically free from defects" means that: (1) Any defects present, whether or not specifically defined or listed herein, no more than slightly detract from the appearance or edibility of the product; (2) practically no objectionable core material may be present; (3) no more than a trace of harmless extraneous material may be present; and (4) the defects that may be present in the sample unit, and the entire sample if applicable, do not exceed the allowances specified in Table II of this subpart. (c) (B) Classification. If the canned tomatoes are reasonably free from defects a score of 24 to 26 points may be given. Canned tomatoes that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Reasonably free from defects" means that: (1) Any defects present, whether or not specifically defined or listed herein, do not materially detract from the appearance or edibility of the product; (2) only a slight amount of objectionable core material may be present; (3) no more than a slight amount of harmless extraneous material may be present; and (4) the defects that may be present in the sample unit, and the entire sample if applicable, do not exceed the allowances specified in Table II of this subpart. (d) (C) Classification. If the canned tomatoes are fairly free from defects a score of 21 to 23 points may be given. Canned tomatoes that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product. (This is a limiting rule.) "Fairly free from defects” means that: (1) Any defects present, whether or not specifically defined or listed herein, do not seriously detract from the appearance or edibility of the product; (2) only a moderate amount of objectionable core material may be present; (3) only a moderate amount of harmless extraneous material may be present; and (4) the defects that may be present in the sample unit, and the entire sam Subpart-United States Standards for Grades of Concentrated Tomato Juice SOURCE: 52.5201 to 52.5210 appear at 25 F.R. 6669, July 15, 1960, unless otherwise noted. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND GRADES § 52.5201 Product description. "Concentrated tomato juice" means the product prepared from clean, sound, whole tomatoes of the red or reddish varieties as such product is defined in the Standard of Identity for Tomato Puree (21 CFR 53.20; 34 F.R. 18420) issued pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. The product contains not less than 20 percent but less than 24 percent of natural tomato soluble solids. When packed in hermetically sealed containers, it is sufficiently processed by heat, before or after sealing, to assure preservation of the product. [35 F.R. 3652, Feb. 25, 1970] § 52.5202 Grades of concentrated tomato juice. (a) "U.S. Grade A" (or "U.S. Fancy") is the quality of concentrated tomato juice that, when properly reconstituted, (1) has a good color; (2) has a good consistency; (3) is practically free from defects; (4) has a good flavor; and (5) scores not less than 85 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart: Provided, That the reconstituted tomato juice may have only a fairly good color, scoring not less than 25 points and a fairly good consistency, if the total score is not less than 85 points. (b) "U.S. Grade C" (or "U.S. Standard") is the quality of concentrated tomato juice that, when properly reconstituted, (1) has a fairly good color; (2) has a fairly good consistency; (3) is fairly free from defects; (4) has a fairly good flavor; and (5) scores not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart. (c) "Substandard" is the quality of concentrated tomato juice that fails to meet the requirements of U.S. Grade C. FILL OF CONTAINER since fill of container, as such, is not factor of quality for the purposes of these grades. It is recommended that each container of concentrated tomato juice be filled as full as practicable without impairment of quality, and that the product occupy not less than 90 percent of the capacity of the container. FACTORS OF QUALITY § 52.5204 Ascertaining the grade of a sample unit. In addition to considering other requirements outlined in the standards, the quality factors of color, consistency, defects, and flavor are evaluated by applying appropriate criteria to the reconstituted tomato juice prepared by thoroughly mixing the concentrated tomato juice with three volumes of water. The relative importance of each factor is expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given for each such factor is: Factors: Color Consistency. Defects... Points 30 15 15 40 100 (a) General. (1) The amount of red in the reconstituted tomato juice is determined by comparing the color of the product with that produced by spinning a combination of the following Munsell color discs: Disc 1-Red (5R 2.6/13) (glossy finish). Disc 2-Yellow (2.5 YR 5/12) (glossy finish). Disc 3-Black (N1) (glossy finish). (2) Such comparison is to be made under a diffused light source of approximately 250 foot-candle intensity and having a spectral quality approximating that of daylight under a moderately overcast sky, and a color temperature of 7500 degrees Kelvin ±200 degrees. With the light source directly over the disc and product, observation is made at an angle of 45 degrees from a distance of about 24 inches from the product. (b) (A) classification. Concentrated tomato juice that, when reconstituted properly, has a good color may be given a score of 26 to 30 points. "Good color" means a color that is typical of canned tomato juice, made from well ripened red tomatoes, which has been properly prepared and properly processed. Such color contains as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 65 percent of the area of Disc 1; 21 percent of the area of Disc 2; 14 percent of the area of Disc 3 or of Disc 4, or 7 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 7 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product. (c) (C) classification. If the reconstituted tomato juice has a fairly good color a score of 23 to 25 points may be given. Concentrated tomato juice that scores 23 or 24 points for color shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a partial limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means a color that is typical of canned tomato juice. To score 25 points for color the reconstituted juice shall contain as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 59 percent of the area of Disc 1; 241⁄2 percent of the area of Disc 2; 161⁄2 percent of the area of either Disc 3 or Disc 4, or 84 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 84 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product. To score 23 or 24 points for color the reconstituted tomato juice shall contain as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 53 percent of the area of Disc 1; 28 percent of the area of Disc 2; 19 percent of the area of either Disc 3 or Disc 4, or 91⁄2 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 9 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product. (d) (SStd.) classification. Concentrated tomato juice that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 22 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). 52.5206 Consistency. (a) General. This factor has reference to the viscosity of the reconstituted juice. The tendency of the insoluble solids to separate, leaving practically clear liquid at the top is also to be noted in this connection. Concentrated (b) (A) classification. tomato juice that, when properly reconstituted, has a good consistency may be given a score of 13 to 15 points. "Good consistency" means that the reconstituted tomato juice flows readily; has a normal amount of insoluble tomato solids in suspension; and that there is little tendency for such solids to settle out. (c) (C) classification. If the concentrated tomato juice has a fairly good consistency a score of 10 to 12 points may be given. "Fairly good consistency" means that the reconstituted tomato juice flows readily; has a normal amount of insoluble tomato solids in suspension; and that there is not a marked tendency for such solids to settle out. Concen (d) (SStd.) classification. trated tomato juice that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 9 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). § 52.5207 Defects. (a) General. The factor of defects refers to the degree of freedom from defects, such as dark specks or scale-like particles, seeds, particles of seed, tomato peel, core material or other similar substances. (b) (A) classification. Concentrated tomato juice that is practically free from defects may be given a score of 13 to 15 points. "Practically free from defects" means that any defects present in the reconstituted juice do not more than slightly affect the appearance or drinking quality of the juice. (c) (C) classification. If the concentrated tomato juice is fairly free from defects a score of 10 to 12 points may be given. Concentrated tomato juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that any defects present in the reconstituted juice may be noticeable, but are not so large, so numerous or of |