Acerca de este libro
Mi biblioteca
Libros en Google Play
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1
7
INTRODUCTION
REPORT FINDINGS
CHAPTER I. MILLIONS OF AMERICAN YOUTH ARE AT RISK FOR
HIV INFECTION
A. THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AIDS AMONG ADOLESCENTS--NEARLY
9,000 YOUNG ADULTS ALREADY DIAGNOSED WITH AIDS
AIDS Cases Among Youth Rising Quickly ..
Heterosexual Transmission More Common Among Youth, Smaller Proper-
tion of AIDS Cases in Youth Related to Injecting Drug Use ...
Females and Minorities Represent Greater Proportion of Cases of AIDS
in Youth .....
AIDS Cases Among Teens and Young Adults Reported in 49 States and
Nearly 100 Large Metropolitan Areas
B.
SEROPREVALENCE STUDIES INDICATE RAPID SPREAD OF HIV
AMONG ADOLESCENTS
33
C.
DATA REGARDING SEXUAL BEHAVIORS AND DRUG USE
AMONG ADOLESCENTS ALSO INDICATE THEY ARE AT RISK OF
HIV INFECTION ...
35
Greater Proportion of Adolescent Females Sexually Active, Age of First
Intercourse Dropping ...
Percent of Sexually Active Adolescent Males Also Rising
Many Youth Report Multiple Sexual Partners
One in Six Teens Affected by a Sexually Transmitted Disease Each Year,
Prevalence of STDs Serves as Proxy for Sexual Risk Taking Among
Youth
Condom Use Increased During 1980s, Yet Many Adolescents Remain
Unprotected From HIV and Other STDs ..
Homosexual Behavior May Be More Common in Teens than Previously
Thought ...
Anal Intercourse Is Practiced By Heterosexual Adolescent Partners
Nearly One Million Teens Exchange Sex for Food, Shelter, Money, or
Drugs
Drug Use Prevalent Among Teens, Associated with Risky Sexual
Behavior . . . .
47
Crack Use Linked to Spread of HIV
40
50
CHAPTER II. PREVENTING RISKY BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS
59
A. COMPREHENSIVE HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS MOST
PROMISING ..
LESSONS FROM TEEN PREGNANCY PREVENTION APPLY
No Single Solution: Education, Communication with Adults, Skills
Training, and Health Care Access All Needed to Reduce
Pregnancy
61
C. AIDS RISKS AND OTHER RISKS ARE RELATED
64
K-12 "Healthy School" Programs Offer a Prime Context for HIV
Prevention Efforts ....
68
Parent/Community/School Partnerships Are Needed
Programs for Out-Of-School Youth Also Require Broad Community
Support
71
75
G. TEEN HIV PREVENTION FACES MAJOR BARRIERS
Teachers Need In-Service Training in HIV Prevention .
Other Barriers to School-Based Programming.
Fear, Resistance and Apathy....
Not Readily Available to Youth
76
77.
77
80
81
82
Health Care--Including Promising School-Linked Health Services--
Insufficient Funding . . . .
Barriers to Serving Out-Of-School Youth
H. SELECT COMMITTEE INTERVIEWS FIND PREVENTION PROGRAMS
NEED FUNDING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TREATMENT IS
LIMITED AND NETWORKING IS CRITICAL TO PROGRAM SUPPORT.
I. EVALUATION RESEARCH IS BOTH NEEDED AND WORTH THE
INVESTMENT
CHAPTER III. HARD-TO-REACH ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH IN
HIGH-RISK SITUATIONS REQUIRE TARGETED HIV PREVEN-
TION AND SERVICES
A. HIV-RELATED NEEDS OF YOUTH ENGAGING IN SAME-GENDER
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ...
Same-Gender Sexual Behavior More Frequent Than Commonly Believed,
New Data Needed ...
105
Homosexual Activity Is Significant Factor in AIDS Among Teens,
Successful Prevention Programs for Gay Men Not Reaching Gay
107
Little Known About STDs and Risky Behaviors Among Youth Who
Practice Same-Gender Sexual Behavior ....
109
Preventing HIV Among Youth Engaging in Homosexual Behavior Faces
Significant Barriers
110
Stress to Conform Can Lead to Denial of Risk Taking
Gay and Lesbian Youth Often Confront Rejection and Violence in
Settings That Traditionally Provide HIV Prevention Services
Many Gay and Lesbian Youth Respond Negatively to Stress with
Increased Risk Taking ...
111
112
Social and Resource Barriers to Reaching Youth Who Practice
Same-Gender Sexual Behavior Prevail ....
113
Several Model Programs Making Inroads to Prevent HIV Among Gay
and Bisexual Male Youth
115