in the export demand. In spirits, likewise, there has been a considerable augmentation, with an increased home consumption. The small quantities of sugar which appear in the list consist of that made by the Irish Beet Company :

IMPORT AND EXPORT OF WOOL IN GREAT BRITAIN.

The subjoined statement of the import and export of foreign and colonial wool for the years ending on the 5th of January, 1853, 1854, and 1855, is derived from the circular of J. T. Simes & Co., of the 3d of March, 1855:—

The export of British wool (in pounds) during the three years ending as above was in

1853. 13,919,277

1854. 6,734,129

1855. 12,988,939

The consumption of wool, of late years, has increased very rapidly in England and the continent. The British woolen manufacture now stands next to the cotton manufacture, and employs one hundred and fifty millions of dollars of British capital; and the product forms more than a fourth part of British textile manufactures. Down to 1814, the British imported forty millions of pounds of wool, mostly from Spain; they then procured it from Germany; and within a few years immense supplies have been derived from Australia. It was predicted and feared that the gold discoveries would diminish the product in this country, but this has not been the case. Here are the exports from Australia in 1851 and 1853:

But the war of last year has diminished the product of the continent; and in Great Britain there has been a falling off of 50,000 bales in the import. At this time France is the largest market in the world for wool. She uses sixty millions of dollars' worth annually, and is largely increasing her exports. The Zollverein and Belgium use fifty millions of dollars' worth.

TRADE AND COMMERCE OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS.

W. GOODALE, Collector General of Customs, publishes in the Polynesian his official

Number of merchant vessels, 1854..

Number of whaling vessels, 1853..

Number of whaling vessels, 1854..

Gallons of spirits and wines for consumption, 1853
Gallons of spirits and wines for consumption, 1854

Revenue from spirits, 1853

Revenue from spirits, 1854.

The total quantity of oil and bone transhipped was as follows:—

The above was all shipped to the United States, except about 35,000 gallons whale oil and 47,000 pounds bone, shipped to Bremen and Havre.

COTTON AND SLAVE STATISTICS.

The Baltimore American says:

The South-western News makes up from the census reports some very important statistics, peculiarly interesting to the cotton growing and slave States, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, and Arkansas. The whole area is 662,185 square miles, of which 21,675,682 acres are improved land. The whole number of slaves is 1,798,768, whose average rate of increase for the last ten years is 54.46 per cent. The number of bales of cotton made is 2,204,521, averaging 1.197 bales per thousand slaves. Average number of acres of improved land per bale is 10.12.

These statistical views are not limited to the present. The calculations are carried forward forty years to 1890, with the following result:—

Actual number of slaves, according to the ratio of increase in the United States, (28.97) 5,004,219. Actual number, according to the ratio of increase in the planting States, (54.49) 10,295,962. Slave population demanded by the crop, 13,218,715. Acres of improved land required, 160,102,539. Bales of cotton demanded by planting States, 15,820,400.

THE INDIAN CHIEF "A VETERAN SHIP.

A writer in the Norfolk Herald, in noticing the arrival at Talchuana, February 10, 1855, of the ship Indian Chief, Captain Fish, of New London, remarks:—

The above-named ship, Indian Chief, is the same identical craft built by Mr. Porter, in Portsmouth, Virginia, and launched in 1811-laid up at Broadway, in the Appomattox, all the war, and began her first voyage to London in 1815, from which time until 1819, (when she was sold to New York,) she was the pride of Virginia's marine. This noble ship was built for, and under the superintendence of, that noble old seaman, Captain Edward Watson, of Norfolk, by whom she was commanded. Now, according to my reckoning, this gallant old ship is forty-four years old, and she is still doing hard service on the other side of the globe-still staunch, strong, and seaworthy. Only two years ago her present owners represented her to the writer of this, as being, from her model, soundness, and fine sea qualities, one of the best whaling ships in the Pacific Ocean.

TRADE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND TURKEY.

The trade between Turkey and England has very considerably increased within the last few years. One of the principal exports to England consists of grain, but it was not until 1842 that the Turkish government permitted the shipment. Between that year and 1848, the increase in the exports of Indian corn from Galatz was from 597,062 quarters to 1,270,745 quarters, or 110 per cent. The quantity of wheat exported from Ibraila during the same period increased from 667,909 quarters to 1,862,909 quarters, or 180 per cent. The increase in the exports of Indian corn from the same port was from 224,310 quarters to 1,448,619 quarters, or 545 per cent. Some opinion may be formed of the extent of the agricultural resources of Turkey, when such results have been accomplished within the last few years.

COMMERCIAL REGULATIONS.

TREATY OF COMMERCE, ETC., BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION.

The following treaty between the United States of America and the Argentine Confederation was concluded and signed by their respective plenipotentiaries, at San Jose, on the twenty-seventh day of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-three, which treaty being in the English and Spanish languages, (the English only being here published,) is word for word as follows:

TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION.

Commercial intercourse having been for some time established between the United States and the Argentine Confederation, it seems good for the security as well as the encouragement of such commercial intercourse, and for the maintenance of good understanding between the two governments, that the relations now subsisting between them should be regularly acknowledged and confirmed by the signing of a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation. For this purpose they have nominated their respective plenipotentiaries-that is to say, the President of the United States, ROBERT C. SCHENCK, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and JOHN S. PENDLETON, Charge d'Affairs of the United States to the Argentine Confederation, and his Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Doctor Don SALVADOR MARIA DEL CARRIL and Doctor Don JOSE BENJAMIN GOROSTIAGA-who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles:

ARTICLE 1. There shall be perpetual amity between the United States and their citizens on the one part, and the Argentine Confederation and its citizens on the other part.

ART. 2. There shall be between all the territories of the United States and all the territories of the Argentine Confederation a reciprocal freedom of Commerce. The citizens of the two countries respectively shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the territories of either, to which other foreigners, or the ships or cargoes of any other foreign nation or State, are or may be permitted to come; to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part thereof, respectively; to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their residence and Commerce; to trade in all kinds of produce, mauufactures, and merchandise of lawful Commerce; and generally to enjoy, in all their business, the most complete protection and security, subject to the general laws and usages of the two countries respectively. In like manner, the respective ships of war and post-office or passenger packets of the two countries shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come to all harbors, rivers, and places to which other foreign ships of war and packets are or may be permitted to come; to enter into the same; to anchor and remain there and refit, subject always to the laws and usages of the two countries respectively.

ART. 3. The two high contracting parties agree that any favor, exemption, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of Commerce or navigation, which either of them has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the citizens or subjects of any other government, nation, or State, shall extend in identity of cases and circumstances to the citizens of the other contracting party gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other government, nation, or State shall have been gratuitous; or, in return for an equivalent compensation, if the concession shall have been conditional.

ART. 4. No higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of either of the two contracting parties of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the other contracting party than are or shall be payable on the like article of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in the territories of either of the contracting parties on the exportation of any article to the territories of the other than such as are or shall be payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the importation or exportation of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of either of the contracting parties, to or from the territories of the other, which shall not equally extend to the like article of any other foreign country.

ART. 5. No other or higher duties or charges on account of tonnage, light or harbor dues, pilotage, salvage in case of average or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed in the ports of the two contracting parties on the vessels of the other than those payable in the same ports on its own vessels.

ART. 6. The same duties shall be paid and the same drawbacks and bounties allowed upon the importation or exportation of any article into or from the territories of the United States, or into or from the territories of the Argentine Confederation, whether such importation or exportation be made in vessels of the United States or in vessels of the Argentine Confederation.

ART. 7. The contracting parties agree to consider and treat as vessels of the United States and of the Argentine Confederation all those which, being furnished by the competent authority with a regular passport or sea-letter, shall, under the then existing laws and regulations of either of the two governments, be recognized fully and bona fide as national vessels by that country to which they respectively belong.

ART. 8. All merchants, cominanders of ships, and others, citizens of the United States, shall have full liberty, in all the territories of the Argentine Confederation, to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they please, as broker, factor, agent, or interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ any other persons in those capacities than those employed by citizens of the Argentine Confederation, nor to pay them any other salary or remuneration than such as is paid in like cases by citizens of the Argentine Confederation; and absolute freedom shall be allowed in all cases to the buyer and seller to bargain and fix the price of any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into or exported from the Argentine Confederation as they shall see good, observing the laws and established customs of the country. The same rights and privileges, in all respects, shall be enjoyed in the territories of the United States by the citizens of the Argentine Confederation. The citizens of the two contracting parties shall reciprocally receive and enjoy full and perfect protection for their persons and property, and shall have free and open access to the courts of justice in the said countries respectively for the prosecution and defense of their just rights, and they shall be at liberty to employ in all cases such advocates, attorneys, or agents, as they may think proper; and they shall enjoy, in this respect, the same rights and privileges therein as native citizens.

ART. 9. In whatever relates to the police of the ports, the lading and unlading of ships, the safety of the merchandise, goods, and effects, and to the acquiring and disposing of property of every sort and denomination, either by sale, donation, exchange, testament, or in any other manner whatsoever, as also to the administration of justice, the citizens of the two contracting parties shall reciprocally enjoy the same privileges, liberties, and rights as native citizens; and they shall not be charged in any of those respects with any higher imposts or duties than those which are paid or may be paid by native citizens, submitting, of course, to the local laws and regulations of each country respectively. If any citizen of either of the two contracting parties shall die without will or testament in any of the territories of the other, the consul-general, or consul of the nation to which the deceased belonged, or the representative of such consul general or consul, in his absence, shall have the right to intervene in the possession, administration, and judicial liquidation of the estate of the deceased, conformably with the laws of the country, for the benefit of the creditors and legal heirs.