9. There is a room 18 feet in length, 16 feet in width, and 8 feet in height; how many rolls of paper, 2 feet wide, and containing 11 yards in each roll, will it take to cover the walls? Ans. 88. 10. How many cord feet in a load of wood 6 feet long, 2 feet wide, and 5 feet high? Ans. 4 cord feet. 11. If a ship sail 7 miles an hour, how far will she sail, at that rate, in 3 w. 4 d. 16 h.? 12. A merchant sold 12 hhds. of brandy, at $275 a gallon; how much did each hogshead come to, and to how much did the whole amount? 13. How much cloth, at 7 s. a yard, may be bought for 29 £. 1 s.? 14. A goldsmith sold a tankard for 10£. 8s. at the rate of 5 s. 4 d. per ounce; how much did it weigh? 15. An ingot of gold weighs 2 lb. 8 oz. 16 pwt.; how much is it worth at 3 d. per pwt.? 16. At $0'18 a pound, what will 1 T. 2 cwt. 3 qrs. 16 lb of lead come to? 17. Reduce 14445 ells Flemish to ells English. 18. There is a house, the roof of which is 444 feet in length, and 20 feet in width, on each of the two sides; if 3 shingles in width cover one foot in length, how many shingles will it take to lay one course on this roof? if 3 courses make one foot, how many courses will there be on one side of the roof? how many shingles will it take to cover one side? to cover both sides? Ans. 16020 shingles. 19. How many steps, of 30 inches each, must a man take in travelling 54 miles? 20. How many seconds of time would a person redeem in 40 years, by rising each morning hour earlier than he now does? 21. If a man lay up 4 shillings each day, Sundays excepted, how many dollars would he lay up in 45 years? 22. If 9 candles are made from 1 pound of tallow, how many dozen can be made from 24 pounds and 10 ounces? 23. If one pound of wool make 60 knots of yarn, how many skeins, of ten knots each, may be spun from 4 pounds 6 ounces of wool? ADDITION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS. 38. 1. A boy bought a knife for 9 pence, and a comb for 3 pence; how much did he give for both? Ans. 1 shilling. 2. A boy gave 2 s. 6 d. for a slate, and 4 s. 6 d. for a book; how much did he give for both? 3. Bought one book for 1 s. 6 d., another for 2 s. 3 d., another for 7 d. ; how much did they all cost? Ans. 4 s. 4 d. 4. How many gallons are 2 qts. + 3 qts. + 1 qt.? 5. How many gallons are 3 qts. + 2 qts. + 1 qt. + 3 qts. + 2 qts.? 6. How many shillings are 2 d. + 3 d. + 5d. +6 d. +7d.? 7. How many pence are 1 qr. + 2 qrs. + 3 qrs. + 2 qrs. +1 qr.? 8. How many pounds are 4 s. + 10 s. + 15 s. + 1 s. ? 9. How many minutes are 30 sec. + 45 sec. + 20 sec. ? 10. How many hours are 40 min. + 25 min. + 6 min.? 11. How many days are 4 h. +8 h. + 10 h. + 20 h. ? 12. How many yards in length are 1 f. + 2 f. + 1 f. ? 13. How many feet are 4 in. + 8 in. + 10 in. + 2 in. +1 in.? 14. How much is the amount of 1 yd. 2 ft. 6 in. + 2 yds. 1 ft. 8 in.? 15. What is the amount of 2 s. 6 d. + 4 s. 3 d. +7s. 8d.? 16. A man has two bottles, which he wishes to fill with wine; one will contain 2 gal. 3 qts. 1 pt., and the other 3 qts.; how much wine can he put in them? 17. A man bought a horse for 15£. 14 s. 6 d., a pair of oxen for 20£. 2 s. 8 d., and a cow for 5£. 6 s. 4 d.; what did he pay for all? When the numbers are large, it will be most convenient to write them down, placing those of the same kind, or denomination, directly under each other, and, beginning with those of the least value, to add up each kind separately. OPERATION. In this example, adding up the £. 8. d. 15 14 6 20 2 8 6 4 5 column of pence, we find the amount to be 18 pence, which being = 1 s. 6 d., it is plain, that we may write down the 6 d. under the column of pence, and reserve the 1 s. to be added in with the other shillings. Next, adding up the column of shillings, together with the 1 s. which we reserved, we find the amount to be 23 s 1.3s. Setting the 3s. under its own column, we add the 1. with the other pounds, and, finding the amount to be 41 £., we write it down, and the work is done. Ans. 41 £. 3 s. 6 d. Note. It will be recollected, that, to reduce a lower into a higher denomination, we divide by the number which it takes of the lower to make one of the higher denomination. In addition, this is usually called carrying for that number: thus, between pence and shillings, we carry for 12, and between shillings and pounds, for 20, &c. The above process raay be given in the form of a general RULE for the Addition of Compound Numbers : I. Write the numbers to be added so that those of the same denomination may stand directly under each other. II. Add together the numbers in the column of the lowest denomination, and carry for that number which it takes of the same to make one of the next higher denomination Proceed in this manner with all the denominations, till you come to the last, whose amount is written as in simple numbers. Proof. The same as in addition of simple numbers. EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE. Bought a silver tankard, weighing 2 lb. 3 oz., a silver cup, weighing 3 oz. 10 pwt., and a silver thimble, weighing 2 pwt. 13 grs.; what was the weight of the whole? A man bought 5 loads of hay, weighing as follows, viz. 23 cwt. (=1 T. 3 cwt.) 2 qrs. 17 lb. ; 21 cwt. 1 qr. 16 lb.; 19 cwt. 0 qr. 24 lb. ; 24 cwt. 3 qrs.; 11 cwt. 0 qr. 1 lb.; how many tons in the whole? There are four pieces of cloth, which measure as follows, viz. 36 yds. 2 qrs. 1 na.; 18 yds. 1 qr. 2 na.; 46 yds. 3 qrs. 3 na.; 12 yds. 0 qr. 2 na.; how many yards in the whole? |