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5. (who are) wont to watch. Adjectival

6. (and who are) sleeping found by (those)

to "men.

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7. whom they dread.

Adjectival

they

dread

whom.

by those.

to "those."

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PARSING SCHEME.

number; (

person); (- gender);

TANTIVE {Proper or Common};

ARTICLE {Definite or Indefinite}; limiting

3. ADJECTIVE; (- degree); qualifying

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3. Factitively.

4. PRONOUN.

number;

person); (—

5. VERB.

(1. Notional; Transitive or Intransitive; 2. Relational.

voice.

}

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2. Participle; imperfect or perfect; qualifying

Nominative case to
Possessive case, limiting
Objective case, governed by-
Nominative absolute.

Nominative of address.

gender); case same as for substantive; or, if the pronoun has no case, say limiting

In parsing a relative pronoun, add, agreeing with its antecedent

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3. Verb, Notional or Relational; Transitive or Intransitive;

modified by the auxiliary

conjugation;

-number;

number;

person; agreeing with its

voice;

tense; infinitive mood,

voice; governed by

or subject to

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4. Supine; present or perfect;

In parsing, the pupil should always follow exactly the arrangement of the above scheme.
are used (), that which is included is sometimes omitted altogether; large brackets are used
things, one of which must always be mentioned in parsing.

An example of parsing is appended, as a model for the student.

Where small brackets

to include several

EXAMPLE OF PARSING.

My brother will tell the man who is waiting that he must call again.

My.

brother.

will tell.

the.

man.

who.

Pronoun, personal; singular number; first person;

possessive case, limiting brother.

Substantive, common; singular number; third person; masculine gender; nominative case to will tell.

Verb, notional; transitive; active voice; simple conjugation; indicative mood; future tense; singular number; third person; agreeing with its nominative will tell.

Article, definite; limiting man.

Substantive, common; singular number; third person; masculine gender; objective case (direct) governed by will tell.

Pronoun, relative; singular number; third person; masculine gender; nominative case to is waiting; and agreeing with its antecedent man.

is waiting. Verb, notional; intransitive; progressive conjugation; indicative mood; present tense; singular number; third person; agreeing with its nominative who.

that.

he.

must.

call.

again.

Conjunction, subordinative; connecting he must and my brother will tell.

Pronoun, demonstrative; singular number; third person; masculine gender; nominative case to must,

Verb, relational; auxiliary of mood; present tense; singular number; third person; agreeing with its nominative he.

Verb, notional; intransitive; present tense; infinitive mood; modified by the auxiliary must. Adverb, relational; of time, limiting call.

G

CHAPTER IV.

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF THE WORDS AND THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

THE English language belongs to that great family of languages called Indo-European. A hundred years ago it would have been called a European language; but in the latter part of the last century the attention of philologists was directed towards Sanskrit, an ancient language of the northern part of Hindustan; and such striking resemblances in words and inflexions were discovered between it and the European languages that it was at once regarded as a member of the same family, and the term European was widened into IndoEuropean in order to include it.

In the same family are included the Celtic, with its different dialects (Erse, Manx, Welsh, etc.); the Greek and Latin, with the languages called Romance languages derived from the latter; and the Teutonic and Slavonic languages.

The basework of the English language is AngloSaxon, as also is a great part of the superstructure. All the inflexions of the language, and at least fiveeighths of the words, are to be referred to that source. The predominant proportion of Anglo-Saxon words in

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