LETTER OF SUBMITTAL.

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE,

BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCE,
Washington, January 2, 1918.

SIR: I have the honor to submit to you, in accordance with the requirements of section 336 of the Revised Statutes, the following report upon the foreign commerce and navigation of the United States for the year ending June 30, 1917.

Very respectfully,

To Hon. WILLIAM C. REDFIELD,

B. S. CUTLER,
Chief of Bureau.

Secretary of Commerce.

V

EXPLANATION OF GENERAL TABLES.

General imports.-Tables Nos. 3 and 4 embrace imported articles entered at the customhouses for immediate consumption and imported articles entered for warehouse. The statement of imports entered for consumption, Table No. 9, embraces imported articles entered for immediate consumption and imported articles withdrawn from warehouse for consumption. The statement of general imports and the statement of imports entered for consumption for any period will always differ to the extent that the value of entries for wrehouse for the period differs from the value of withdrawals from warehouse for consumption. The term "entry for comsumption" is the technical name of the import entry made at the customhouse, and does not imply that the goods have been actually consumed, but that they have been delivered into the custody of the importer and that the duties have been paid on the dutiable portion. Some of them may be afterwards exported.

Kinds, quantities, and values, how ascertained. The kinds and quantities of all imported merchandise are ascertained by entry, made upon oath or affirmation by the owner, or by the consignee or agent of the importer, or by actual examination where the collector shall think such examination necessary; and the values of all such merchandise are ascertained in the same manner in which the values of imports subject to duties ad valorem are ascertained.

The value of merchandise imported subject to ad valorem rates of duty, or duty based upon or regulated in any manner by the value thereof, shall be "the actual market value or wholesale price thereof, at the time of exportation to the United States, in the principal markets of the country whence exported; that such actual market value shall be held to be the price at which such merchandise is freely offered for sale to all purchasers in said markets, in the usual wholesale quantities, and the price which the seller, shipper, or owner would have received, and was willing to receive, for such merchandise when sold in the ordinary course of trade in the usual wholesale quantities, including the value of all cartons, cases, crates, boxes, sacks, casks, barrels. hogsheads, bottles, jars, demijohns, carboys, and other containers or coverings, whether holding liquids or solids, and all other costs, charges, and expenses incident to placing the merchandise in condition, packed ready for shipment to the United States." (Rev. Stat., 336; act of Oct. 3, 1913, Sec. III, par. R.)

Domestic export values.—Tables Nos. 5 and 6 exhibit the exports of domestic products or manufactures, also exports of commodities of foreign origin which have been changed from the form in which they were imported, or enhanced in value by further manufacture in the United States, such as sugar refined in this country from imported raw sugar, flour ground from imported wheat, and articles and utensils made from imported materials. Articles of domestic production when exported "shall be valued at their actual cost, or the values which they may truly bear at the time of exportation in the ports of the United States from which they are exported.

Foreign export values.-Table No. 7, called "foreign exports," exhibits exports of foreign merchandise which had been imported. The value of such commodities exported "from warehouse is their import value. The value of such commodities exported "not from warehouse," comprising free goods mainly, is the same as the value of articles of domestic production.

Values of foreign merchandise in transit or transshipped.-Table No. 8 shows total values of foreign merchandise brought to the United States for immediate transit across the territory of the United States to a foreign country, or for transshipment in the ports of the United States to a foreign country. The value of the commodities returned in this table is similar to that of imports.

Tonnage tables.—In the tables of the foreign-tonnage movement the tonnage is stated in net tons of 100 cubic feet internal carrying capacity.

Weights. In all tables published by the Bureau the measures of quantity are as follows, unless indicated otherwise: Ton, 2,240 pounds. Number of pounds to the barrel-Wheat flour, rye flour, and corn meal, 196 pounds net weight; rosin, tar, and turpentine, 280 pounds net; fish, pickled, 200 pounds net; cement, 380 pounds net. Number of pounds to the bushel is as follows: Wheat, beans, dried peas, and potatoes, 60 pounds; barley and buckwheat, 48 pounds; corn, rye, and flaxseed, 56 pounds; onions, 57 pounds; cats, 32 pounds; malt, 34 pounds; castor beans, 50 pounds.

VI

CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES FOR TABLES OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (Schedule C).

The Bahamas, including the Andros and Abaco Islands, Grand Bahama, New Providence, Harbor Island, Great Inagua, Eleuthera, Long Island, and several smaller islands; Turks, the Caicos, and Cayman Islands, the Morant and Pedro Cays; the Leeward Islands, comprising Antigua (with Barbuda and Redonda), St. Kits (with Nevis and Anguilla), Dominica, Montserrat, and the Virgin Islands, viz, Tortola, Anegada, and Virgin Gorda; the Windward Islands, comprising Grenada, St. Vincent, the Grenadines (including Carriacou, Union, Cannouan, etc.), St. Lucia; and other smaller British islands in the West Indies not specified.

Including Isle of Pines.

St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas Islands.

Countries or islands embraced.

India, comprising the following Provinces: Bombay. Madras, Bengal, the Northwest Provinces, the Punjab,
the Central Provinces and Oudh, the Northwestern Frontier Province, Assam, Burma, Coorg, Ajmere
Merwara, and British Baluchistan; and the protectorates of the native States of Hyderabad, Jammu, and
Kashmir, Mysore; the Burma States, the Rajputana States (including Jodhpur, Bikaner, Jaipur, and
other), Gwalior, Rewa, Bastar, Baluchistan, and numerous smaller States not specially mentioned.
Including Penang, Malakka, and Singapore, and the Federated Malay States of Perak, Selangor, Negri Sem-
bilan, and Pahang: Labuan Kelantan. Tringganu, and Kedah; and adjacent islands.
Including Ceylon. Christmas Island, the Keeling Islands, Laccadive, Maldive, Andaman, and Nicobar
Islands, Sarawak, Brunei, North Borneo, and other smaller possessions in India and the East Indies not
specified.
Bali, Banda, Borneo (except North Coast), and the Anambas Islands, Laut, Natuna, etc. (except Labuan
for which see Straits Settlements), adjacent to Borneo; Celebes, and the Islands of Butong. Pangansane
Sangi, Siao, etc., adjacent to Celebes; Flores, Java, Lombok, Madura, the Molukkas (including Amboina
Buro, Ceram, Gilolo, Ternate, etc.); New Guinea (west part), Solor, Sumba (Sandalwood), Sumbawa;
Sumatra, and the islands of Banca, Billiton, Bintang. Karimon, Riau-Lingga Archipelago. Singkap. etc.,
off the east coast of Sumatra, and Engano. Mega. Nias, Pagai, etc., off the west coast of Sumatra; Timor
(southwest part), and the islands of Kisser, Savu, Simao, Wetter, etc., adjacent to Timor; and other islands
in Malaysia belonging to the Netherlands not specified.

Settlements of Chandernagor, Karical, Pondicherry, and Yanaon on the east coast of Hindustan: settlement
of Mahe, on the west coast of Hindustan, and possessions in Cochin China, and Cambodia, Tonkin, and
Annam in farther India, including the districts of Luang Prabang. Malupray, Barsak, Battambang, Siem
Reap, and Sisophon, and four ports on the Mekong he d in perpetual lease from Siam.

Settlement of Damao, Diu, and Goa, on the west coast of Hindustan; Macao Island, off coast of China; Timor
Island (northeast part), etc., in Malaysia.

(British.) Includes leased territory of Kwantung.

Including Formosa, the Nansei and Kurile Islands, and the southern part of Sakhalin Island.

Siberia (including the Commander Islands and the northern part of Sakalin Island), Bokhara, and Khiva.
Asia Minor, Armenia, Kurdistan. Mesopotamia. Syria, Arabia, and adjacent islands in the Mediterranean.
Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Jahore, and Oman.

Including Tasmania.

Auckland, Papua territory. Fiji, Norfolk, Choiseul, Isabel, Gilbert, Ellis, Solomon Group, Tonga, and other
small islands not specified.
New Caledonia and depencies in Australasia, Marquesas and Society Islands, including Tahiti and Moorea,
Raiatea, Tubuai, and Vavitao. Wallis Archipelago, Tuamotu, Gambier, and Rapa Islands, Clipperton
Island in Polynesia, and all other French possessions not specified.

Kaiser Wilhelm Land in northeastern New Guinea. Bougainville and Buka of the Solomom Group. Marianas,
Caroline, and Pelew Islands in Polynesia; the Bismarck Archipelago, including the whole of Neu Pom-
mern (formerly New Britain). Neu Mecklenburg (formerly New Ireland), Neu Lauenburg (formerly the
Duke of York Islands), the Admiralty, Hermit, Neu Hanover, Fischer, St. Matthias, and several smaller
adjacent islands, German Samoa, and Marshall, including Providence and Brown Islands.
(United States.)

(Belgium.)

Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, including Ashanti, Lagos, Nigeria, also Ascension, St. Helena, and Tristan de Cunah Islands, and all other West Coast not specified.

Including the Union of South Africa, composed of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Transvaal,
and Orange River Colony, Southern Rhodesia, Northwestern Rhodesia, Bechuanaland, Basutoland,
Swaziland: also Nyasaland Protectorate.

British East Africa Protectorate, Uganda Protectorate, British Somaliland, Sokotra, Zanzibar (including
Pemba Island), Mauritius, the Seychelles, and other East Coast not specified.
(Spanish.)

Including the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.

Algeria and Tunis, on the north coast; the colony of Senegal with St. Louis, Dakar, and Goree, including
Upper Senegal and Niger; French Guinea, including the Island of Tombo; the Ivory Coast, including the
settlements of Grand Vassa, Grand Lahou, Grand Bassam, Assinie, etc.; Dahomey with Grand Popo and
Porto Novo; French Kongo, with Libreville, Mayumba, and Loango on the West Coast; French Somali
coast, including Obok, Jibuti, and the Tajura Bay; Reunion, Mayotte, and the Comorro Islands.
Togoland, the Kamerun region, German Southwest Africa, Germian East Africa, with the ports of Dares
Salaam, Bagamoyo, Pangani, and Tanga.

Tripoli, Eritrea on the Red Sea, and Italian Somaliland.

(French.) Including the islands of Nossi Be and Sainte Marie.

The Cape Verde Islands; Portuguese Guinea (including Bissao and adjacent territory south of the River Gambia, and the Bissagos Islands off the coast); Angola (including the divisions of Kongo Loanda, Benguela. Mossamedes, and Lunda), and the islands of Principe and St. Thomas in the Gulf of Guinea in western Africa; Portuguese East Africa (including the districts of Lourenco Marques, Zambesi. and Mosambique). Ceuta, the ports of Penon de Velez and Melilla, the Alhucemas and Chafarinas Islands, on and off the north coast, the Sahara Coast Protectorate from Boca Grande to (South) Cape Blanco, the Rio Mundi and the Islands of Fernando Po, Annabon, Corisco, and Elobey.

NOTE. In Tables Nos. 12 and 13, "Vessels entered and cleared in the foreign trade," certain countries are further subdivided, as follows:
France and Spain, by coasts-on the Atlantic: on the Mediterranean.

Russia in Europe, by coasts-on the Baltic and White Seas; on the Black Sea.

Canada. by Provinces-Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island; Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, the Northwest Territories and
Yukon Territory; British Columbia.

Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia, by coasts-on the Caribbean Sea; on the Pacific.
Mexico, by coasts-on the Gulf; on the Pacific.