Kentucky: Hal Thurmond, chairman, Kentucky Committee on Civil Rights; John Blane, Jr., Subcommittee on Equal Job Opportunities. Massachusetts: Gov. and Mrs. Foster Furcolo. Margaret O'Donnell, administrative assistant to Governor. Elwood McKenney, executive secretary, executive council. Judge J. John Fox. Michigan: Gov. and Mrs. G. Mennen Williams. John G. Feild, chairman, interim subcommittee. Charles Brown, administrative assistant. Senator Basil Brown. Minnesota : Gov. and Mrs. Orville Freeman. Mr. (and Mrs.) Thomas Hughes, secretary to Governor. Clifford E. Rucker, executive director, Governor's Human Rights Commission. Judge L. Howard Bennett. Missouri: Fr. Trafford Maher, S.J., chairman, Missouri Commission on Human Rights. New Jersey: Gov. and Mrs. Robert Meyner. John P. Milligan, assistant commissioner of education. New York: Elmer Carter, chairman, State commission against discrimination. Ohio: Lt. Gov. and Mrs. John Donahey. Senator Frank King. Frank Baldau, executive director, Cleveland Community Relations Board. Chester Gray, State supervisor, Minority Groups Service, Bureau of Unemployment Compensation. Pennsylvania: William Batt, secretary of labor and industry. Andrew Bradley, secretary of property and supply. Elliott Shirk, executive director, FEPC. Rhode Island: Senator C. George De Stefano, deputy Republican leader of Senate. Representative John H. Chafee, Republican leader of the House. Washington: Mr. Sidney Gerber, chairman, State board against discrimination. Wisconsin: Lt. Gov. and Mrs. Phileo Nash. Mrs. Rebecca Barton, executive director, Governor's Commission on Human Rights. THIRD ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF GOVERNORS ON CIVIL RIGHTS, ST. PAUL, MINN., MARCH 3-4, 1960 Summary of Principles Agreed Upon The following is a summary of principles agreed upon at the Third Annual Conference of the Committee of Governors on Civil Rights. Fifteen States were represented at the conference by Governors or their representatives. I. RESPONSIBILITY A. We recognize the urgent and imperative need for continued and intensified programs in the field of human rights, and the responsibility of all levels of government to contribute to this progress in their own fields of operation and to cooperate with each other wherever possible. Any proper concept of States rights includes the imperative of States' responsibilities. B. The Governor of a State, representing all its citizens, must be the spokesman of their aspirations. This purpose can be served by (1) Encouraging a favorable climate of opinion for disadvantaged groups through public statements in all the media of communication; (2) Keeping open the channels of communication between people and government; (3) Maintaining law and order in general and enforcing existing civil rights laws in particular; (4) Supporting efforts to extend and strengthen State legislation as needed; (5) Increasing the effectiveness of existing State agencies or supporting efforts to create appropriate State agencies to administer civil rights laws; (6) Using appointive power to further opportunities for all, according to individual merit. II. VOTING RIGHTS We call upon the Federal Government to move ahead with urgent speed to secure the ballot for all qualified American citizens in all elections. We endorse the recommendation of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights that some form of Federal legislation is necessary. Voting is the first responsibility and the primary right of citizenship; any denial of the ballot strikes at the heart of our system of government; it cannot be tolerated. III. STATE ACTION Constructive progress can be made by State action : (a) To strengthen and/or establish State agencies against discrimination, with functions encompassing education and public relations as well as securing compliance with the law. (b) To evaluate and strengthen where necessary State legislation directed toward insuring equality of opportunity in employment, housing, public accommodations, education, and voting. (c) To encourage and implement both interstate and Federal-State cooperation wherever appropriate and feasible to attain our goals. IV. HOUSING Housing is a field of urgent importance today, not only because of its vital relationship to law enforcement, public health and all of the factors involved in building healthy communities, but also because of the growth and shifts in our population. Our goal of equality of opportunity in housing can be approached by (a) Enactment, enforcement, and strengthening of laws against discrimination to insure fair opportunity in housing. (b) An effective program of public education, understanding, and community action in this field-a program that would seek the cooperation of the Federal Government, local governments, and private volunteer groups. V. MIGRANT LABOR Migrant labor represents another field in which interstate and Federal action can supplement action within the several States to achieve and maintain (a) Higher standards of health, housing, transportation, wages, and other conditions. (b) Opportunity for education for children of migrant workers, and effec tive measures to apply equally to the children of migrant workers our standards relating to child labor. (c) Adequate legal protection against the hazards of illness and injury. (d) Adequate and effective welfare provisions. VI. SUPPORT FOR FEDERAL ACTION Federal action is essential in several fields, and it is appropriate that States should encourage and support such Federal action as: (a) Effective measures to insure voting rights. (b) Technical and financial assistance to those areas that are trying in good faith to achieve desegregation of public schools. (c) Federal fair employment practices legislation. (d) Nondiscriminatory policies in Federal agencies dealing with housing. (e) Endorsement of the principles stated in the recommendations of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. GOVERNORS AND REPRESENTATIVES OF GOVERNORS PARTICIPATING IN THIRD ANNUAL Illinois_ Iowa.. Kansas. Maine. CONFERENCE Hon. William G. Stratton, Governor. Hon. Herschel C. Loveless, Governor. Roy Shapiro, State controller. Kermit S. Nickerson, Deputy Commissioner of Education. Massachusetts-------- Walter Carrington, Massachusetts Commission Against Michigan. Minnesota Missouri.. New Jersey--- New York.‒‒‒ Ohio___. Oregon... Rhode Island_. Washington__- Wisconsin---- Discrimination. Hon. G. Mennen Williams, Governor. Hon. Orville L. Freeman, Governor. Milton Litvak, Missouri Human Rights Commission. . Dr. John P. Milligan, assistant commissioner of educa- Elmer A. Carter, chairman, New York State Committee Frank W. Baldau, executive director, Ohio Civil Rights Normal O. Nilsen, commissioner of labor. Senator C. George DeStefano. Mark Litchman, Washington State representative. Hon. Gaylord A. Nelson, Governor. Senator CLARK. Now, we are going to have to stop the formal hearing and I think we cannot pay the stenographer any more, but if you gentlemen would be willing to take maybe 5 or 10 minutes so our staff can take some notes as to what you say, perhaps we could go ahead on this exemption question. The subcommittee will stand in recess until 9:15 a.m. Wednesday, July 31, 1963. (Whereupon at 12 noon, the subcommittee recessed, to reconvene at 9:15 a.m. Wednesday, July 31, 1963.) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1963 U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT AND MANPOWER OF THE Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 9:15 a.m., pursuant to recess, in room 4232, New Senate Office Building, Hon. Joseph Clark (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Senators Clark (presiding), Randolph, Burdick, Pell, Kennedy, and Javits. Committee staff members present: Stewart E. McClure, chief clerk; Edward D. Friedman, counsel; Dr. Garth L. Mangum, research director; Michael Bernstein, minority counsel; Raymond D. Hurley, minority counsel; and John Stringer and Robert Locke, associate minority counsels. Senator CLARK. The subcommittee will be in session. Our first witness this morning is Mr. David J. McDonald, president, United Steelworkers of America. Mr. McDonald, as always we are very happy to have you before this committee and to look forward to the benefit of your testimony, which I know will be very valuable. I entertained myself last night reading it. I will ask that the entire statement be placed in the record at this point and I know, sir, that you are going to be able to give us the benefit of your thinking as you see fit. We have four witnesses this morning. Some of our friends from south of the Mason-Dixon line will not permit the committee to sit after the Senate goes into session, so we would appreciate your being your usual brief self. (The statement referred to follows:) PREPARED STATEMENT OF DAVID J. McDONALD, PRESIDENT, UNITED STEELWORKERS OF AMERICA Mr. Chairman, I want to begin by expressing my appreciation to you and to the members of the subcommittee for the privilege of appearing before you and expressing the views of the United Steelworkers of America on fair employment practices legislation. I am truly grateful that the committee has been able to arrange its schedule so that I could say what I believe must be said on this very important subject. The position of the United Steelworkers of American on civil rights is, of course, well known. At the very first constitutional convention of our union, in 1942, a resolution was adopted declaring that the United Steelworkers of America pledges itself, its members, and its local organizations to the fight to secure equality of treatment for all workers, Negro and white, and all races and creeds in industrial employment and promotion, in vocational training, in |