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the new consolidated acts might be made applicable to all Great Britain, or be postponed till afterwards.

mencing with an analytical arrangement of the law; but he further contended that the process to be applied to the statute law ought not to be a rewriting of the old statutes in a condensed form, but a digest of the existing statutory provisions, without alteration of lan-portance of laying down a complete and logical plan of guage, but with explanatory additions where they have been judicially interpreted. A digest of this kind would admit of the incorporation of the common law wherever advisable, which could not be effected by merely producing aggregations of old statutes in new language. He contended that this was the process directed by the royal commission, taken in connexion with the report of the commissioners of 1835, whose suggestions were made binding on the present board by the reference to them contained in the recitals prefixed to the commission. Sir W. P. Wood also thought that it would be useful to have a general analytical arrangement of the subject to be dealt with, as otherwise difficulties would arise in deciding the exact parts of the existing statute law that ought to be taken into any isolated consolidation.

May 23, 1855.-The Attorney-General urged the imthe whole field to be operated upon before the work of consolidation was commenced. He contended that it was necessary for the satisfactory consolidation of any branch of the statute law that it should be executed with immediate reference to a methodical distribution of the whole contents of the statute-book, and that if any isolated consolidations of particular subjects were commenced without any general plan, they must all be imperfect and unsatisfactory. He therefore proposed that the analytical arrangement of the statutes should be first completed, and then a large body of draftsmen should be employed to recompose at once the body of law thus distributed into a complete and methodical digest. He thought that Parliament would be more ready to pass a work of this kind in its entirety than to take up bills which should only profess to consolidate particular subjects.

The Solicitor-General remarked on the importance of making every division of the digest proposed by the Attorney-General complete in itself, so as to present a statement of the entire law on the subject comprised

in it.

The Lord Chancellor observed that that would be to

The Lord Chancellor explained, that by the mention of the common law in the commission he conceived nothing more was intended than that draftsmen should not be debarred by any rigid rule from introducing such portions of common law as should make a consolidated act a complete and intelligible enactment, instead of a collection of fragments; and with regard codify the whole law-a work which was not within to the proposal of the Attorney-General, he observed, the scope of the present commission. With respect to that after the proposed analysis of the statute law was the remarks of the Attorney-General, his Lordship made, it would still be necessary to begin the actual observed that no arrangement of the contents of the work of consolidation with some isolated group; and statute-book, however logical, would present any comhe thought there would be great practical difficulty in plete body of law, as the statute law itself was only a passing an entire consolidation of the statute law collection of alterations of, or additions to, the unthrough Parliament at once. He admitted that some written law; and he therefore suggested that the Atimperfections might result from attempting to con- torney-General's proposal, however just it might be if solidate in partial groups, which might be avoided by a codification of the whole law of the land were the a preliminary classification of the whole subject; but object in view, was misapplied with reference to the difficulties of detail would occur under any system, statute law alone. But his Lordship agreed that it and the most scientific arrangement was not always would be advantageous to have some preliminary arfound the most practically convenient. On the whole, rangement of the whole contents of the statute-book, his Lordship thought it advisable to commence by at-in order to settle what groups should be taken together tempting what we knew to be practicable. Well-drawn for the purpose of consolidation, according to some consolidated acts were admitted to be useful, and were uniform principle of classification, so far as any pringenerally regarded with favour; and if the board could ciple could be applied; though, owing to the fragproduce some good bills of the same nature as "Peel's mentary nature of the subject, there must be many Acts," and other existing specimens of consolidation, cases in which the distribution could be little better he thought it would gain the confidence of the public, than arbitrary. and perhaps be empowered hereafter to attempt something on a larger and more scientific scale.

After considerable discussion, in which Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Brougham, and others took part, it was finally arranged that an analytical arrangement of the contents of the statute-book, as a guide to the board in the choice of subjects for consolidation, should be prepared; but that meanwhile the consolidation of separate groups of statutes should be continued according to the plan already adopted by the board.

The Attorney-General, the Solicitor-General, Mr. Coulson, and Mr. Ker were named the sub-committee to superintend the preparation of an analysis of the statute laws; and it was agreed that Mr. Anstey should be employed in the work under their direction.

The Lord Advocate made some observations on the operation of the commission with reference to the statute law of Scotland. He observed that there was no great necessity for consolidation of the Scotch statutes; but what was principally required was a revision of the English statutes from which Scotland was excepted, with a view to the assimilation of the law of the two countries wherever practicable. This was a process which must be performed sooner or later, and the only question therefore was, whether it should precede the consolidation of the English law, so that

With regard to the disposition of Parliament, his Lordship thought that it would be easier to begin by passing a few consolidated acts on subjects which are generally admitted to require consolidation, and on which there are no differences of opinion which would raise discussion, than to attempt to pass an entire digest at once, as proposed by the Attorney-General. The confidence of Parliament would thus be obtained, and measures of a more extensive character, if hereafter determined on, would be better received and more easily passed.

Proposals for a new Classification of the Statutes.

The present arrangement of acts in three series, styled "public general," "local and personal, (public)," and "private," appears both inconvenient and inaccurate.

It is submitted that all the acts of the session ought to be numbered in a single series, in the order in which they receive the royal assent. The following are the considerations which seem to justify this proposal.

1. The classification now existing is, as regards the subject-matter of the acts, almost entirely arbitrary. Many acts are included in the "public general" series which are extremely limited and local in their application; while many acts of far more public interest are

included in the "local and personal" series. In fact, the division is not founded on the nature or subject of the acts at all, but on the parties by whom the bill is applied for, and the forms and rules of the House respecting their introduction. Taking the acts of 1853, we find an act to enable the Commissioners of Inland Revenue to sell the site of the Excise Office in Broadstreet called "general," while an act respecting the Great Bedford Level is "local;" an act about the rights of common over Battersea-park" general," and an act relating to the improvement of the city of Westminster "local;" an act to empower the sheriff of Berwickshire to hold county courts at Dunse "general;" and an act regulating the civil court of record of Liverpool "local;" an act about Westminster-bridge "general," and acts about bridges at Worcester and Rochester "local," and so on. The rules which govern the classification of bills, with respect to fees, proof of preamble before select committees, &c., are well known; but it is submitted that although there can be no objection to retain this classification as to bills so long as they continue bills, if it is found just and convenient, it need not be, and should not be, carried on into the arrangement of the complete statutes.

2. The present classification creates and fosters an entirely unfounded notion that there is some difference as to authority and obligation between the different classes of acts. Now, the present classification is founded on no statutory authority; and though it must be admitted that it has been incidentally recognised in several recent statutes, it is, strictly speaking, unknown to the law. There is, or was, a known distinction, both as to construction and as to "judicial recognition," between public and private acts; but this distinction, if not entirely abrogated, has no reference to the classification now in question, but only to the consideration whether the acts are really public or private in respect of their subject-matter. There is an intelligible distinction between laws which may be supposed to have been originated by the Legislature itself, and with reference to public considerations alone, and laws granted on the petition of private parties for their individual advantage, (privilegia). In the latter case it is reasonable to construe the terms of enactment used by the Legislature, however absolutely expressed, not as the expression of its supreme will, but as the grant of the petition of the applicant, and contingent, therefore, on the truth and propriety of the applicant's representations, and thus admitting modifications not applicable to public acts. But, as has been shewn, the modern threefold division of acts cannot be reconciled with this distinction between public and private, many of the "public general" being decidedly private in their nature, while some of the "local and personal" are public.

3. Another inconvenient result to the public of the present classification is, that in editions of the statutes they get many "public general" statutes at full length which they do not want, while many of the "local and personal," which they are more likely to want, are omitted. It is true that this is a question of intelligent editorship; still editors think themselves to a great extent bound by the classification adopted by the Legislature. It is believed that far more useful editions of the statutes would be published if the editors had to exercise their unfettered discretion as to printing at length or not in one single series.

There would be no difference in principle, and perhaps not much in bulk, between editions under the present and under the proposed system: the principle now is, and still would be, to print public statutes at length, and of local and personal ones only the titles; but there would be this difference, that under the proposed arrangement the really public acts would be printed, and the really local and personal ones omitted, which is not now the case.

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The same observations apply to the rules as to the number of copies of acts to be printed and circulated by the Queen's printers. With respect to these, it may be asked, what rule is to be adopted if the present one is superseded? But the difficulty will be only that which must exist in every case where a selection is to be made; and it cannot be doubted that a selection made by any person of ordinary intelligence would be more really useful than an arrangement which, with reference to the present question, is little better than arbitrary. To have such a selection made by a competent officer would only be to effect the object for which the present rules were recommended by the committees of 1796 and 1801-namely, to insure that the publicity given to acts should bear a due proportion to their importance.

4. The rules as to "judicial recognition," &c., under which the present division was instituted, no longer exist. The clauses which used to be added to local and personal acts, declaring that they should be considered to be public acts, or that copies of them printed by the Queen's printers should be evidence, have become superfluous since the 8 & 9 Vict. c. 113, s. 3, which enacts, that "all copies of private and local and personal acts of Parliament, not public acts, if purporting to be printed by the Queen's printers, shall be admitted as evidence thereof by all Courts, &c., without any proof being given that such copies were so printed;" and the 13 & 14 Vict. c. 21, s. 7, which enacts, that henceforth every act "shall be deemed and taken to be a public act, and shall be judicially taken notice of as such, unless the contrary be expressly provided and declared by such act*."

The Queen's printers' edition of the statutes (which has been very negligently superintended of late) continues to describe the "local and personal (public)" series as "acts declared public, and to be judicially noticed," and the "private" series as acts "of which copies may be given in evidence;" but this is entirely inaccurate, and inapplicable to the present state of things. The "local and personal (public)" acts do not now require, and seldom, if ever, contain any declaration that they are public, and shall be judicially noticed; and they even occasionally contain a declaration that they shall not be public-for instance, the 14 & 15 Vict. c. cxxviii, relating to the estates of Trinity College, Dublin; and though the "private" acts do generally contain a declaration that a Queen's printers' copy shall be evidence, that declaration is now quite superfluous, and should not be made the foundation of any classification.

(To be continued).

The Queen has been pleased to appoint Paul Ivy Sterling, Esq., to be a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Ceylon.

* These clauses seem to set the question as to judicial recog nition on a reasonable and proper ground, for no one can seriously doubt that the judges have the means of ascertaining satisfactorily what acts have been passed. But there is still some uncertainty as to the effect of the latter enactment on the rules as to difference of construction between public and private acts; for though the terms of the enactment seem ample enough, yet Sir J. Wigram, V. C., in Dawson v. Paver, (5 Hare), said that the distinctions in construction between public and private acts depended "on the nature and subconsiderations, "such as having the clause that the act shall stance of the case," and were not affected by any technical be deemed a public act." (See also Guthrie v. Fish, 3 B. & Cr., and The Trustees of the Birkenhead Docks v. The Birkenhead Dock Company, before the Lords Justices, November, 1853). A doubt also occurs whether the rules as to pleading private acts (if any) are affected.

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STARKIE'S LAW OF EVIDENCE.-NEW EDITION.

DENCE. BY THOMAS STARKIE, Esq. Fourth Edition, with very considerable alterations and additions; incorporating the Statutes and reported Cases to the time of publication. By G. M. DOWDESWELL and J. G. MALCOLM, Esqrs., Barristers at Law. Just published, in 1 vol. royal 8vo., price 17. 16s. cloth.

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tobacconist, Sept. 28 at 11, Liverpool, aud. ac.-John Dumble, Sunderland, commission agent, Oct. 9 at 11, New-A PRACTICAL TREATISE of the LAW of EVIcastle-upon-Tyne, aud. ac.; Oct. 11 at 11, div.-John Robson, Durham, miller, Oct. 9 at half-past 11, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, aud. ac.; Oct. 11 at half-past 11, fin. div.-Thomas Flintoff, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, commission agent, Oct. 5 at 11, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, aud. ac.-Edmund Stevens, Walsall, Staffordshire, draper, Sept. 29 at 11, Birmingham, aud. ac.J. Walley, Derby, boiler maker, Oct. 9 at 10, Nottingham, aud. ac. and div.-J. Chancellor, Phoenix-place, Dorrington-street, Clerkenwell, and Hyde-house, Battersea, funeral carriage master, Oct. 10 at 1, London, div.-Robert Pinhorn, Southampton, tailor, Oct. 9 at half-past 12, London, fin. div. William Piggott, Great Eversden, Cambridgeshire, generalshop keeper, Oct. 9 at 12, London, div.-Robert Willmott, Peterborough, Northamptonshire, tailor, Oct. 9 at half-past 12, London, fin. div.-David Halket, Herne Bay, Kent, shipowner, Oct. 9 at 1, London, div.-Morgan Evans, Aberdare, Glamorganshire, grocer, Oct. 8 at 11, Bristol, div.

CERTIFICATES.

To be allowed, unless Cause be shewn to the contrary on or before the Day of Meeting.

William Bouch, Queen-street, Pimlico, licensed victualler, Oct. 3 at 1, London.-Alfred Gibson, Great St. Helen's, assurance broker, Oct. 9 at 2, London.-Thos. John Latimer,

rate editor.

Fortunately for the Profession, the new edition has been intrusted to gentlemen, of whom one is well known, not only as a ripe and accomplished lawyer, (doctrinâ malidus), but as a judicious editor, knowing how to withhold as well as how to apply his hand. Amid the present plague of reports mere industry is not sufficient to qualify even a secondby their respect for the author, but have altered, corrected, and amended wherever they have seen occasion. Such a course could not be pursued safely upon a small stock of learning or of judgment; and in our opinion it has been pursued, not only with safety, but with manifest advantage to the book; so that the fourth edition of Starkie is to the existing law what the first edition was to the law in 1824. . . . . We wish we had some means of identifying Mr. Malcolm's portions of the work. As it is, being hitherto unknown in authorship, he must be content with

It is evident that the editors have not been blinded

the praise of having borne a part where all was good."-Jurist.
"It is also the only work of which a new edition has been brought
out at such a time as to render it possible that it should apply to prac-
tice, with any degree of consideration and accuracy, the modern changes
in the law. . . . . We think the editors will have gone far towards re-
storing the admirable work of Mr. Starkie to its original character of
the best work on the law of evidence which has yet been produced.".
Legal Observer.
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SIR EDWARD SUGDEN'S TREATISE ON POWERS.
In 2 vols. royal 8vo., price 27. in boards,
POWERS.
The Seventh Edition.

Right Hon. Sir EDWARD SUGDEN.

H. Sweet, 3, Chancery-lane.

Brighton, clothier, Oct. 10 at 1, London.-Thomas Briggs, A PRACTICAL TREATISE on
North Shields, grocer, Oct. 11 at 1, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.-
Richard Hart, West Hartlepool, Durham, wine merchant,
Oct. 23 at 11, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.-Thomas Freer, Lei-
cester, wine merchant, Oct. 9 at half-past 10, Birmingham.-
Albion Oakley, Derby, twine manufacturer, Oct. 9 at half-
past 10, Birmingham.

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By the

SIR E. SUGDEN ON THE LAW OF VENDORS AND
PURCHASERS.

In I thick vol. 8vo., price 14. 18. cloth boards,
CONCISE and PRACTICAL VIEW of the LAW of
VENDORS and PURCHASERS of ESTATES.
EDWARD SUGDEN.

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By Sir

To be granted, unless an Appeal be duly entered. James Norton Weeks, East Cowes, Isle of Wight, hotel keeper.-Thomas Kenyon, Newton Heath, near Manchester, manufacturing chemist.-Joseph Grimshaw, Bolton-le-Moors, A TREATISE on the LAW of PROPERTY, as adminis

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The Right Hon. Sir John Jervis, Knt., Lord Chief Justice of her Majesty's Court of Common Pleas at Westminster, has appointed John Ford Hyatt, gent., of Newcastle-under-Lyne, Staffordshire, to be one of the Perpetual Commissioners for taking the acknowledgments of deeds to be executed by married women, in and for the county of Stafford.

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AN ESSAY on the NEW STATUTES relating to Limi-
Merger of Attendant Terms, Defective Executions of Powers of Leasing,
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tations of Time, Estates Tail, Dower, Descent, Operation of Deeds,

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WISE'S BANKRUPT LAW.
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CONSOLIDATION ACT, 1849, (12 & 13 Vict. c. 106), and the ABSCONDING DEBTORS

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FOX ON SIMPLE CONTRACTS, AND THE ACTION OF AS

A

SUMPSIT.

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TREATISE on SIMPLE CONTRACTS, and the AC

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Recently published, in 12mo., price 4s. boards,

TION of ASSUMPSIT. By WILLIAM FOX, Esq., of the A TREATISE on EQUITABLE DEFENCES and RE

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the general Government and Improvement of and the Administration A PRACTICAL TREATISE on the LAWS relating to

of Justice in Boroughs, and the Grant of Charters of Incorporation to non-corporate Towns, By FREDERIC MERRIFIELD, Esq., Barrister at Law.

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H. Sweet, 1, Chancery-lane, Fleet-street.

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Good Cream Laid Adhesive, all warranted well gummed, 4s. 6d. per 1000. Thick superfine ditto, either stamped with initials or from private dies, without extra charge, 7s. 6d. per 1000.

Thick Blue Laid, 7s. 6d. and Ss. 6d. per 1000.

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Cloth-lined Envelopes at the same low rate of charges.

PARTRIDGE & COZENS' CELEBRATED STEEL PENS.

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NEW STAMP DUTIES.

Recently published, in 8vo., price 8s. 6d. boards,

TILSLEY'S NEW STAMP ACTS of 1850, 1853, and

1854; with Notes and Explanatory Observations, and Tables of all the Stamp Duties payable after the 10th October, 1854; together with a Digest of Cases. By HUGH TILSLEY, Assistant Solicitor of Inland Revenue. Sixth Edition.

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In 12mo., price 148. boards,

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TRACTS NOT UNDER SEAL, and upon the usual Defences to
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PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS for the FORMATION of

SEWERAGE DISTRICTS, and for the Conduct of Sewerage Boards, in the Neighbourhood of the Metropolis, under the Statute 17 & 18 Vict. c. 111; with the necessary Forms, and an Abstract of all the Metropolitan Sewers Acts. By TOULMIN SMITH, Esq., Barrister at Law; Author of "The Parish: its Obligations and Powers," &c. H. Sweet, 3, Chancery-lane, Fleet-street.

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The attention of the Profession is invited to the advantages offered by this Office to Solicitors and their Clients, which will be found to be greater than in most other Life Offices.

ADVANTAGES TO THE ASSURED.

1. Four-fifths of the Profits are divided triennially amongst the Assured.

In some Offices the Assured may not be entitled to a Bonus until the expiration of ten years from the time of effecting the Policy, whilst in this Office three years is the utmost limit.

2. At the first division of Profits in May, 1853, a Reversionary Bonus, averaging 451. per cent., was declared on all Participating Policies. In some cases the Bonus exceeded 617. per cent. on the premiums paid.

On reference' to the Prospectuses of some of the principal Offices, it will be found that the Bonus on their first division was much less, viz. 291. per cent.

3. The next division of Profits will be declared in May, 1856, when all Policies effected in 1855 will participate.

In most Offices Assurers do not participate in the Profits until after payment of from three to five annual premiums, but in this Office they may participate on payment of a single premium.

LAW.-WANTED, in a Solicitor's Office of extensive Practice, a first-rate CLERK, who is thoroughly acquainted with heavy conveyancing and general business. A Clerk who has not been articled would be preferred, Address, stating name, age, salary required, and previous services, X. Y. Z., Mr. J. S. Phillips, 5, Bishop'scourt, Lincoln's-inn.

LIMITED LIABILITY ACT, 1855.-INFORMATION

as to the operation and mode of procedure to incorporate new or to bring existing Companies under this Act may be obtained, WITHOUT CHARGE, of Messrs. C. & A. DOUBBLE, Joint-stock Companies' Agents, Publishers of authorised Forms, Law and Public Companies'

Stationers, &c., at the Original Agency Office, No. 14, Serjeant's Inn,
Fleet-street, London, (next door to the Office for the Registration of
Joint-stock Companies).

N. B.-The above Act, (Q. P. copy), with Index, post-free, 13 stamps; or bound with the 7 & 8 Vict. c. 110, and 10 & 11 Vict. c. 78, and Indices, post-free, 7s. 6d.

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Just published, in 1 vol. 12mo., price 98. cloth boards,

THE LIMITED LIABILITY ACT, 1855, and the Act for the Registration, Incorporation, and Regulation of Jointstock Companies, (7 & 8 Vict. c. 110), under which Companies with Limited Liability are to be formed. With an Introduction, Notes, and Forms, and Index. By GEORGE SWEET, Esq., of the Inner Temple, Barrister at Law.

London: Henry Sweet, 3, Chancery-lane; V. & R. Stevens & G. S.
Norton, and W. Maxwell, Bell-yard, Lincoln's-inn.

BAKER'S LAWS RELATING TO BURIALS.
Just published, in 1 vol. 12mo., price 5s. cloth,

THE LAWS relating to BURIALS in ENGLAND and
WALES. With Forms and Practical Instructions. By T. BAKER,
Esq., of the Inner Temple, Barrister at Law, of the Burial Acts Office.
William Maxwell, 32, Bell-yard, Lincoln's-inn.

THE ROYAL BRITISH BANK, (incorporated by Char-L

ter), for transacting every description of banking business on the Scottish system.

Drawing accounts are opened for any parties properly introduced, and interest allowed on the daily balances, if these do not fall under 1001. Deposits of any amount are receivable, at rates of interest varying from 2 to 4 per cent. per annum, according to the time for which deposits are made. Promissory notes or bills, at any date, and with or

Now ready, price 1s. 6d., inscribed to the Right Hon. Robert Lowe, M.P.,
Vice-President of the Board of Trade,
IMITED LIABILITY ACT, with Observations and
Notes, by CHARLES WORDSWORTH, Esq., Barrister at Law;
being a Supplement to the Sixth Edition, price 158., of The Law of
Mining, Cost-book Mining, Banking, Insurance, and General Joint-
stock Companies; with all the Forms and Statutes.

London: W. G. Benning & Co., 43, Fleet-street.

NEW STAMP DUTIES.

Recently published, in 8vo., price 8s. 6d. boards,

1854; with Notes and Explanatory Observations, and Tables of all the Stamp Duties payable after the 10th October, 1854; together with

a Digest of Cases. By HUGH TILSLEY, Assistant Solicitor of Inland Revenue. Sixth Edition.

credit, interest, as may be agreed on, and circular bills or letters of TILSLEY'S NEW STAMP ACTS of 1850, 1853, and credit, and drafts or orders, are granted, payable to bearer by the correspondents of the Bank in every town of any note at home or abroad; and bills of exchange or drafts on the Bank in sets, for use in the Colonies, in India, China, and America, may be obtained by customers and others on application at the chief office. Advances for fixed periods on securities readily convertible, and cash credits, on the Scottish system, are granted to respectable parties, if customers of the Bank. Discounts of approved bills of exchange are made for any parties having accounts with the Bank; for whom also remittances are made and bills collected in any place where there is a banker, and dividends, &c. received without charge.

Also, by the same Author, in 8vo., price 17. 11s. 6d.,
A TREATISE on the STAMP LAWS; with Tables of
all the Stamp Duties payable in the United Kingdom after the 10th
October, 1854. Second Edition. With a Supplement.
Stevens & Norton, 26, Bell-yard, Lincoln's-inn.

Form of application for opening accounts, &c. will be supplied, and INDISPUTABLE LIFE POLICY
any further information may be obtained at the Bank or at any of the
Branches, viz.-Strand Branch, 429, Strand; Lambeth Branch, 77,
Bridge-road; Islington Branch, 97, Goswell-road; Pimlico Branch,
1, Shaftesbury-terrace, Victoria-street; Borough Branch, 60, Stones'-
end, Southwark; Piccadilly Branch, 32, Regent-circus.

By order of the Court of Directors,

HUGH INNES CAMERON, General Manager.
Chief Office, 16, Tokenhouse-yard, Lothbury,
London, Aug. 4, 1855.

No. 38, VOL. I., NEW SERIES.

COMPANY,

72, Lombard-street, London. Lord Viscount TORRINGTON, Chairman. The Policies of this Company, being indisputable in terms of the Deed of Constitution, registered in conformity with the Act 7 & 8 Vict. c. 110, by which this Company is incorporated, form FAMILY PROVISIONS and NEGOTIABLE SECURITIES, their validity not being dependent (as in the case of ordinary policies) on the import of previous, and perhaps forgotten, statements, reports, and other documents. ALEX. ROBERTSON, Manager. LL

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