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abate the inflammation as to prevent the oozing out of more blood. A decoction of poppy-heads or foxglove leaves will effect the first intention; and the redness having somewhat disappeared, and the heat abated, the following lotion should be used.

RECIPE (No. 7).

Mild Canker Lotion.

TAKE-Infusion of leaves of foxglove, half a pint ;
Goulard extract, half an ounce;
Mix them together.

There is some art in the application of these lotions to the ear, and two persons are required in order to do it effectually. One of them must hold the muzzle of the dog with his right hand, having the root of the ear in the hollow of the left hand, and between the fore-finger and the thumb. The second person must then pour half a teaspoonful of the liquid into the ear, when the first person, without quitting the muzzle of the dog, should close the ear, and gently mould it, until the liquid has insinuated itself into the interior of the ear, and disappeared there.

In a few cases, the disease will not yield to this treatment, or it will have advanced beyond the early and manageable stage before it is seriously attacked; and, instead of the reddish-black deposit, there will be ulceration at the base of the ear, and a discharge of matter from it. If the discharge is offensive, the ear should be washed out two or three times a day with a weak solution of chloride of lime.

RECIPE (No. 8).

Lotion of Chloride of Lime.

TAKE-Chloride of lime, a scruple ;

Water, half a pint :

Mix them together, and apply them to the ear in the manner described in the last Recipe.

The mild canker lotion should be tried first; and if that fails, the following one may be resorted to:

RECIPE (No. 9).

Strong Canker Lotion.

TAKE-Goulard's extract, two drachms;

White vitriol, one drachm;

Alum, two drachms;

Water, half a pint.

This may seem to be an unchemical mixture, but it is an exceedingly good one. The principal ingredient in it, when compounded, is acetate of zinc, which could not be conveniently made in any other way.

Should the application of this give the dog very great pain, it may be lowered by adding four ounces more of the water; the seeming expression of pain, however, may be caused by the sudden application of a cold lotion to the irritable surface of the ear: therefore, before the fresh quantity of water is added, a little of the lotion should be warmed in a pewter or iron spoon held over the flame of a candle, and then poured into the ear.

If the case does not proceed satisfactorily, the principles of counter-irritation and derivation must be resorted to, and a seton must be passed across the poll, beneath

the skin, and extending from ear to ear. This must be kept diligently turned, and the mucous discharge occasionally washed away in order to prevent irritation or excoriation. If the seton does not discharge well, it should be wetted every alternate morning with spirit of turpentine, or turpentine liniment.

The worst description of canker has not yet been described. Either the case has been neglected, or has not gone on well, and the projections which have been spoken of about the base of the inside of the ear have very considerably enlarged, and have blocked up the passage into the ear; and from one or more of them there has been a sprouting of fungous substance, sore, and discharging much ichorous fluid, which has irritated the inside of the flap of the ear, and rendered it one complete sore-the whole of the ear becoming a mass of disease.

In such a case, if the dog is old, he should be immediately destroyed, for the chances of a perfect cure are abundantly against him; and if a cure is effected, it must be at the expense of great and prolonged pain.

If the case is undertaken, the first object will be to heal the flap of the ear, which having become a continued sore, will be a source of much annoyance. The whole of the ear should be cleaned as carefully as possible with the chloride of lime lotion (Recipe No. 8, p. 153), and to which an equal portion of warm water has been added, after which the healing ointment (Recipe No. 5, p. 149) should be lightly smeared over the flap and the fungous substance at the base. This should be done twice or thrice in the day.

The flap being nearly healed, the nature of the fungus should be more carefully examined, and wherever it

may be possible a tight ligature should be drawn round the base of the principal mass and each separate brand, and which should be tightened every second or third day, until the fungus drops off.

This being effected, there will nevertheless be generally found an extensive ulcerated surface beneath. The mild canker lotion should be the first application here; but as soon as the ulcer can bear the stronger canker lotion without too great pain, it should be used, but beginning at first with adding double the quantity of water, and gradually increasing the strength of the lotion as the cure advances. A seton, and kept well stimulated, is essential here, and plenty of physic and alterative balls.

Deafness is the frequent result of this species of canker. There is no remedy in this case, for it is impossible to re-open the passage which has been obstructed by such a mass of morbid growth.

Deafness is occasionally congenital. It is hereditary in some breeds, and particularly in that of the white rough-haired terrier. The cause has never been ascertained, nor has any mode of cure been discovered.

[Formica.-Scab in the ears. A little mercurial ointment rubbed upon the affected parts, every two or three days, will, very soon, effect a cure.]

CHAPTER XXV.

THE DISEASES OF THE EYES.

THE first of these belongs to the eyelid, although generally accompanied by some inflammation of the eye itself.

ULCERATION OF THE EYELID.

When a dog has much mangy affection about him, it attacks various parts. One of the most painful and obstinate species is scurfiness, loss of hair, swelling, and ulceration of the eyelid. It is inflammation of the numerous little glands which secrete a fluid destined to keep the lids moist and supple during the waking hours, and to bring them in close approximation to each other during sleep.

This disease will not yield to any of the common mange remedies, but there is an ointment that will sometimes be effectual.

RECIPE (No. 10).

Ointment for Ulcerated Eyelids.

TAKE-Quicksilver, one drachm;

Strong nitric acid, a drachm and a half;

Dissolve the mercury in the acid, and while the solution is warm add six ounces of melted lard. Stir them well together until they are cold.

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