A Decade of Denial: Teens and AIDS in America : a Report of the Select ... - United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families - Google Libros

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SELECT COMMITTEE ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES

PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado, Chairwoman

GEORGE MILLER, California
WILLIAM LEHMAN, Florida

MATTHEW F. MCHUGH, New York
TED WEISS, New York

BERYL ANTHONY, JR., Arkansas
BARBARA BOXER, California
SANDER M. LEVIN, Michigan
J. ROY ROWLAND, Georgia
GERRY SIKORSKI, Minnesota
ALAN WHEAT, Missouri

MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California
LANE EVANS, Illinois

RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois
DAVID E. SKAGGS, Colorado

BILL SARPALIUS, Texas

TIM JOHNSON, South Dakota

BARBARA-ROSE COLLINS, Michigan
JOAN KELLY HORN, Missouri

JIM BACCHUS, Florida

DOUGLAS "PETE" PETERSON, Florida

ROBERT E. "BUD" CRAMER, JR., Alabama

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COMMITTEE STAFF

KARABELLE PIZZIGATI, Staff Director
JILL KAGAN, Deputy Staff Director

CAROL M. STATUTO, Minority Deputy Staff Director

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REPORT FINDINGS

CHAPTER I. MILLIONS OF AMERICAN YOUTH ARE AT RISK FOR

A. THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AIDS AMONG ADOLESCENTS--NEARLY

9,000 YOUNG ADULTS ALREADY DIAGNOSED WITH AIDS

AIDS Cases Among Youth Rising Quickly

Heterosexual Transmission More Common Among Youth, Smaller Propor-
tion of AIDS Cases in Youth Related to Injecting Drug Use

Females and Minorities Represent Greater Proportion of Cases of AIDS

AIDS Cases Among Teens and Young Adults Reported in 49 States and

Nearly 100 Large Metropolitan Areas

SEROPREVALENCE STUDIES INDICATE RAPID SPREAD OF HIV

AMONG ADOLESCENTS

DATA REGARDING SEXUAL BEHAVIORS AND DRUG USE

AMONG ADOLESCENTS ALSO INDICATE THEY ARE AT RISK OF

Greater Proportion of Adolescent Females Sexually Active, Age of First

Intercourse Dropping

Percent of Sexually Active Adolescent Males Also Rising

Many Youth Report Multiple Sexual Partners

One in Six Teens Affected by a Sexually Transmitted Disease Each Year,

Prevalence of STDs Serves as Proxy for Sexual Risk Taking Among

Condom Use Increased During 1980s, Yet Many Adolescents Remain

Unprotected From HIV and Other STDs

Homosexual Behavior May Be More Common in Teens than Previously

Anal Intercourse Is Practiced By Heterosexual Adolescent Partners

Nearly One Million Teens Exchange Sex for Food, Shelter, Money, or

Drug Use Prevalent Among Teens, Associated with Risky Sexual

Crack Use Linked to Spread of HIV

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LESSONS FROM TEEN PREGNANCY PREVENTION APPLY

No Single Solution: Education, Communication with Adults, Skills

Training, and Health Care Access All Needed to Reduce

AIDS RISKS AND OTHER RISKS ARE RELATED

64

SELECT COMMITTEE ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES

PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado, Chairwoman

GEORGE MILLER, California

WILLIAM LEHMAN, Florida

MATTHEW F. MCHUGH, New York

TED WEISS, New York

BERYL ANTHONY, JR., Arkansas

BARBARA BOXER, California

SANDER M. LEVIN, Michigan

J. ROY ROWLAND, Georgia

GERRY SIKORSKI, Minnesota

ALAN WHEAT, Missouri

MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California

LANE EVANS, Illinois

RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois

DAVID E. SKAGGS, Colorado

BILL SARPALIUS, Texas

TIM JOHNSON, South Dakota

BARBARA-ROSE COLLINS, Michigan

JOAN KELLY HORN, Missouri

JIM BACCHUS, Florida

DOUGLAS "PETE" PETERSON, Florida
ROBERT E. "BUD" CRAMER, JR., Alabama

CLYDE C. HOLLOWAY, Louisiana

FRANK R. WOLF, Virginia

CURT WELDON, Pennsylvania

LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas

JAMES T. WALSH, New York

RONALD K. MACHTLEY, Rhode Island

BOB MCEWEN, Ohio

MICHAEL BILIRAKIS, Florida

SCOTT L. KLUG, Wisconsin

RICHARD JOHN SANTORUM, Pennsylvania

DAVE CAMP, Michigan

FRANK D. RIGGS, California

BILL BARRETT, Nebraska

COMMITTEE STAFF

KARABELLE PIZZIGATI, Staff Director
JILL KAGAN, Deputy Staff Director

CAROL M. STATUTO, Minority Deputy Staff Director

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REPORT FINDINGS

CHAPTER I. MILLIONS OF AMERICAN YOUTH ARE AT RISK FOR

A. THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AIDS AMONG ADOLESCENTS--NEARLY

9,000 YOUNG ADULTS ALREADY DIAGNOSED WITH AIDS

AIDS Cases Among Youth Rising Quickly.

Heterosexual Transmission More Common Among Youth, Smaller Propor-

tion of AIDS Cases in Youth Related to Injecting Drug Use

Females and Minorities Represent Greater Proportion of Cases of AIDS

AIDS Cases Among Teens and Young Adults Reported in 49 States and

Nearly 100 Large Metropolitan Areas

SEROPREVALENCE STUDIES INDICATE RAPID SPREAD OF HIV

AMONG ADOLESCENTS

DATA REGARDING SEXUAL BEHAVIORS AND DRUG USE

AMONG ADOLESCENTS ALSO INDICATE THEY ARE AT RISK OF

Greater Proportion of Adolescent Females Sexually Active, Age of First

Intercourse Dropping

Percent of Sexually Active Adolescent Males Also Rising

Many Youth Report Multiple Sexual Partners

One in Six Teens Affected by a Sexually Transmitted Disease Each Year,

Prevalence of STDs Serves as Proxy for Sexual Risk Taking Among

Condom Use Increased During 1980s, Yet Many Adolescents Remain

Unprotected From HIV and Other STDs

Homosexual Behavior May Be More Common in Teens than Previously

Anal Intercourse Is Practiced By Heterosexual Adolescent Partners

Nearly One Million Teens Exchange Sex for Food, Shelter, Money, or

Drug Use Prevalent Among Teens, Associated with Risky Sexual

Crack Use Linked to Spread of HIV

CHAPTER II. PREVENTING RISKY BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS

COMPREHENSIVE HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS MOST

LESSONS FROM TEEN PREGNANCY PREVENTION APPLY

No Single Solution: Education, Communication with Adults, Skills

Training, and Health Care Access All Needed to Reduce

AIDS RISKS AND OTHER RISKS ARE RELATED

64

K-12 "Healthy School" Programs Offer a Prime Context for HIV

Prevention Efforts

Parent/Community/School Partnerships Are Needed

Programs for Out-Of-School Youth Also Require Broad Community

Health Care--Including Promising School-Linked Health Services--

Not Readily Available to Youth

Insufficient Funding .

Barriers to Serving Out-Of-School Youth

SELECT COMMITTEE INTERVIEWS FIND PREVENTION PROGRAMS

NEED FUNDING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TREATMENT IS

LIMITED AND NETWORKING IS CRITICAL TO PROGRAM SUPPORT.

I. EVALUATION RESEARCH IS BOTH NEEDED AND WORTH THE

CHAPTER III. HARD-TO-REACH ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH IN

HIGH-RISK SITUATIONS REQUIRE TARGETED HIV PREVEN-

TION AND SERVICES

HIV-RELATED NEEDS OF YOUTH ENGAGING IN SAME-GENDER

SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

Same-Gender Sexual Behavior More Frequent Than Commonly Believed,

New Data Needed

Homosexual Activity Is Significant Factor in AIDS Among Teens,

Successful Prevention Programs for Gay Men Not Reaching Gay

Little Known About STDs and Risky Behaviors Among Youth Who

Practice Same-Gender Sexual Behavior ....

Preventing HIV Among Youth Engaging in Homosexual Behavior Faces

Significant Barriers

Stress to Conform Can Lead to Denial of Risk Taking

Gay and Lesbian Youth Often Confront Rejection and Violence in

Settings That Traditionally Provide HIV Prevention Services

Many Gay and Lesbian Youth Respond Negatively to Stress with

Increased Risk Taking

Social and Resource Barriers to Reaching Youth Who Practice

Same-Gender Sexual Behavior Prevail

Several Model Programs Making Inroads to Prevent HIV Among Gay

and Bisexual Male Youth

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