Retrotransposition, Diversity and the BrainFred H. Gage Springer Science & Business Media, 2007 M11 16 - 123 páginas The human brain is remarkably complex, permitting sophisticated behavioural rep- toires, such as languages, tool use, self-awareness, symbolic thought, cultural learning and consciousness. Each human being is different, due in part to the uniqueness of the neuronal heterogeneity and interconnections in our brains. Brain complexity and neuronal diversity are strongly related. The diversity of single neurons provides the underpinnings for how neuronal circuits operate. How and when neuronal diversity is generated, both in embryonic and adult neurogenesis, remain unknown. In the immune system, the highly diverse array of antigen receptors can be - tributed to the stochastic nature of the recombination process in somatic precursor cells, causing permanent changes in DNA and gene expression. This diverse population is then the target of selective processes that favor the correct antigen-receptor match and eliminate those with inadequate speci?cities, accounting for the rapid kinetics and immense diversity observed in vivo. Evidence for a possible similarity between the nervous and immune systems came from studies with mice de?cient in DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. Lessons learned from the discovery of the mechanism for diversityinthe immune system maybe usefultothe investigation ofthe mechanism of diversity in neurons. |
Contenido
| 1 | |
Retrotransposons Natural and Synthetic | 20 |
Creation ofNew Genes | 43 |
Endogenous Retroviruses and Human Neuropsychiatric Disorders | 65 |
Is Psychosis Due to RetroviralRetrotransposon Integration Close | 87 |
Microcephalies and DNA Repair | 109 |
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Términos y frases comunes
acid activity addition associated asymmetry binding Biol brain cause cells cerebral changes chaperones chromosome complex contains copy Crow culture detected differentiation disease disorder diversity DNA repair early effects elements endogenous et al evidence evolution expression factors findings function Gage gene genetic genome human human genome hypothesis increased indicated individuals infection insertions interaction L1 retrotransposons later levels major mammalian mechanism mice microcephaly mouse mutations Nature neuronal Neurosci normal occurs ofthe onset organization patients pattern placenta population possible potential precursor present promoter protein Psychiat psychosis recent receptor regions regulated relatively reported response result retroelements retrotransposition retroviral retroviruses reverse risk role schizophrenia sequence similar somatic specific stress structure studies suggest syndrome telomerase telomere transcription University variation virus
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