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CHRISTOVAL DE MESSA - GONCALO HERMIGUES.

he goes at night to the Archbishop Urbano and complains and consults with him how to deliver his country. In the morning he goes to Munuza to demand his sister: the Moor unwillingly restores her, professing his love, and then sends to Tarif, accuses Pelayo of exciting rebellion, and advises

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him of the victories which his successors are to gain, and also of Chr. de Messa's two poems. Oppar is lodged in a tent, round which the history of Spain is represented.

ENNIUS.]

his death. Tarif sends a troop with orders [“ Et tuba terribili sonitu taratantera dixit." not to return till they have taken or slain Pelayo, for he had heard prophecies from Gabino, his magician, how as from a cave came the ruin of the Goths, so from a cave should their Restorer, and a dream terrifies him.

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3. Pelayo, leaving the hermit, meets a messenger from Urbano. They lose themselves, and come to some shepherd huts among the mountains. About twenty stanzas follow, not descriptive, but soothing, from the calm of the subject. He joins Count Teobaldo and the Archbishop.

Alcaman is sent with a great party to crush this rebellion: but Oppas, the renegade archbishop, is first to attempt persuasion. The African force described. Alonso joins Pelayo. Ali, now called Estacio, as having become a Christian, and Antonio are sent to watch the enemy. This latter had been the messenger between Munuza and Usendamsa, and repeats some of the Moors poetry on the way. They come to four Roman monuments, having inscriptions which are not very Roman: then they see the enemy, and return with the news. Pelayo retreats to a cave in the rock.

4. Pelayo makes a speech, and is acclaimed king. The Devil sends fiends to terrify him; the Virgin drives them away, and tells

"YA en las trompetas tortuosas suena
Taratantara-tanta, dos mil vezes ;
Las caxas huecas de Mavorte fiero
Tapatatapatan-tatan responden."

Los Amantes de Teruel, p. 157.

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S. Domingo de la Calzada.

His church in Garibay's time was much resorted to on account of his body and of his cock and hen.-L. 3, c. 10.

Canção de Gonçalo Hermigues:
“TINHERABOS, nom tinherabos,
Tal a tal ca monta?

Tinheradesme, non tinherasdes me
De la vinherasdes, de ca filharedes,
Ca amabia tudo em soma.

"Por mil goivos trebelhando
Oy oy vos lombrego
Algorem se cada folgança
Asmei eu por que do terrenho
Non ha hi tal perchego.

"Ouroana, Ouroana, oy tem por certo
Que inha bida do biber

Se olvidrou per teu alvidrou per que em
cabo

O que eu ei de la chebone sem referta
Mas nom ha per que se ver."

["Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof."]

"Per ço quascú se deu guardar de mal è de treball, tot aytant com pot, car de mal è de

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poch n' a hom assau."-Cost. Mar. de Barcelona, cap. 52.

[To-day's Sorrow, and to-morrow's.]

"SOSPIROS penas estranas
mil ansias y dessear
han poblado mis entrañas
do plazer no puede estar.
Y estos tristes pobladores

el triste sitio muraron
de piedras de mil dolores,
y alegria desterraron,
y han tenido tales mañas

al tiempo de su poblar, que poblaron mis entrañas

do plazer no puede estar."

[Invective against Count Julian.] ELEASTRAS, one of the imaginary writers of the fabulous Chronicle, concludes a chapter of lamentations with this invective against Count Julian:-"Y este que es diablo baptizado y de mortal no cessa de levar su brava saña a fin. O que maldito fue el dia que tal persona fue nascida en el mundo; malaventurada fue la hora que tal crueldad se engendro, oviera piedad de los que della ovieron; ya que no podrias sufrir que en tu poderio quedassen los mataste a los que te dieron la vida, guardaras a ellos lo que ellos guardaron a ti, ovieras los por tuyos y no por tus enemigos. E yo no creo que tu no passes por esse juyzio que as dado, y agora no me terne mas contigo, ca

PERALTA. Cancionero, ff. 95. | destruydor eres, incomendo te al diablo, ca su vassallo y servidor eres."-P. 2, c. 132.

MIDDLE AGES, ETC.

[Puritan and Brownist.]

[Postal Directions.]

HE word PURITAN seems to be THE LORD PROTECTOR in 1549 directs quasht, and all that heretofore thus,-" To our very good friend the LORD were counted such are now DACRE, Warden of the West Marches for BROWNISTS. MILTON, Reason | anempst Scotland, in haste, haste, post haste, of Church Government urged against Pre-for thy life, for thy life, for thy life." laty, vol. 1, p. 6.

[Begging like a Cripple at a Cross.] "THE poor solicited alms at the Crosses, as the saying is to this day, for Christ's sake; and when a person is urgent and vehement, we say he begged like a cripple at a cross. At those crosses the corpse in carrying to the church was set down, that all the people attending might pray for the soul of the departed."- NICOLSON and BURN'S Cumberland.

[Powle's Middle Aisle.]

"IT was the fashion of those times, and did so continue till these, (wherein not only the mother but her daughters are ruined,) for the principal gentry, lords, courtiers, and men of all professions, not merely mechanic, to meet in Paul's Church by eleven, and walk in the middle ile till twelve, and after dinner from three to six, during which time some discourse of business, others of news. Now in regard of the universal commerce, there happened little that did

not first or last arrive here."-OSBORNE'S Traditional Memorials.

The dispatches back, for it seems all went by the ordinary post, are directed with equal care.- "To the right honourable my Lord Protector's grace, in haste, haste, post haste, for thy life, for thy life, haste, haste!" Again, "In haste,—haste-post haste, with all diligence possible."-NICOLSON and BURN's Westmoreland and Cumberland, vol. 1, p. 73, &c. I remember to have seen Post-haste written upon letters some twenty years ago. -R. S.'

[Inflammability of Chesnut Wood.]

"THE Wood of the chesnut-tree is so long in taking fire as to be entirely unfit for the manufacture of gunpowder. In Asturias, where it is sometimes used for fuel, when a brand is taken from the fire it becomes extinguished in the open air as rapidly as if it were plunged in carbonic acid gas, in fact so quickly that a pipe of tobacco cannot be lighted from it. Floors, therefore, of this wood are safe. And it is preferred for

1 When this was written I can hardly make out by the MS., but as late as 1814, I have seen rection, I suspect, had reference, not to Postal "With speed" written on a letter. But this diarrangements, but to the person to whom letters were consigned in Provincial towns.-J. W. W.

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forges, because as soon as the bellows cease, the fire begins to go out."-Panorama, vol. 11, p. 301.

[Warrior's Girdle.]

"SOME men of war use to have about

their loins an apron or girdle of mail, girt fast for the safeguard of the nether part of their body."-LATIMER'S Sermon on the Epistle read on the 21st Sunday after Trinity. The first Sermon.

[Weapons of War.]

"WHEN a man shall go to battle, commonly he hath a great girdle with an apron of mail going upon his knees; then he hath a breast-plate; then for the nether part he hath high shoone, and then he must have a buckler to keep off his enemies' strokes; then he must have a sallet wherewith his head may be saved, and finally, he must have a sword to fight withal and to hurt his enemy. These be the weapons that commonly men use when they go to war." -LATIMER'S Sermon on the Epistle for the 21st Sunday after Trinity. The third Ser

mon.

[Poor-Suitors.]

"THE Prophet Esay saith, Woe unto you that rise early in the morning and go to drinking until night that ye might swim in wine. This is the Scripture against banquetting and drunkenness. But now they banquet all night, and lie abed in the day time till noon, and the Scripture speaketh nothing of that. But what then? The Devil hath his purpose this way as well as the other; he hath his purpose as well by revelling and keeping ill rule all night, as by rising early in the morning and banquetting all day. So the devil hath his purpose both ways. Ye noblemen, ye great men, I wot not what rule ye keep: for God's sake hear the complaints and suits of the poor. Many complain against you that ye lie abed

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till eight, or nine, or ten of the clock. I cannot tell what revel ye have over night, whether in banquetting, or dicing, or carding, or how it is; but in the morning when the poor suitors come to your houses, ye cannot be spoken withal; they are kept sometimes without your gates, or if they be let into the hall, or some outer chamber, out cometh one or other, Sir ye cannot speak with my Lord yet, my Lord is asleep,' or, he hath business of the King's all night,' &c. And thus poor suitors are driven off from day to day, that they cannot speak with you in three or four days, yea a whole month. What shall I say more? a whole year sometimes ere they can come to your speech to be heard of you."-LATIMER'S last Sermon before King Edward the Sixth.

[Latimer's Father.]

"My Father was a yeoman, and had no lands of his own; only he had a farm of three or four pound by year at the uttermost, and hereupon he tilled so much as kept half-a-dozen men. He had walk for an hundred sheep, and my mother milked thirty kine. He was able and did find the king a harness, with himself and his horse, while he came to the place that he should receive the king's wages. I can remember that I buckled his harness when he went to Blackheath field. He kept me to school, or else I had not been able to have preached before the King's Majesty now. He married my sisters with five pound or twenty nobles a-piece, so that he brought them up in godliness and fear of God. He kept hospitality for his poor neighbours; and some alms he gave to the poor, and all this he did of the said farm. Where he that now hath it payeth sixteen pound by the year, or more, and is not able to do anything for his prince, for himself, nor for his children, or give a cup of drink to the poor." -LATIMER's First Sermon preached before King Edward the Sixth.

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[Latimer looks to the Example of Edward VI. day, answered yea: 'I pray you,' said he, 'how liked him?'' you Marry,' said he, even as I liked him always,—a seditious fellow.' Oh Lord, he pinched me there indeed. Nay, he had rather a full bit at me

when he should come of age.] "SURELY, surely, but that two things do comfort me, I would despair of the redress in these matters. One is that the King's Majesty, when he cometh to age, will see a redress of these things, so out of frame, giving example by letting down his own lands first, and then enjoin his subjects to follow him. The second hope I have is, I believe that the general accounting day is at hand; the dreadful Day of Judgement I mean, which shall make an end of all these calamities and miseries."-Ibid.

[Corruption in High Places.]

"THE saying is now that money is heard everywhere; if he be rich he shall soon have an end of his matter; other are fain to go home with weeping tears, for any help they can attain at any judge's hand. Hear men's suits yourself, I require you in God's behalf, and put it not to the hearing of these Velvet Coats, these Upskips. Now a man can scarce know them from an ancient Knight of the country."-LATIMER'S Second Sermon before King Edward the Sixth.

[Latimer's Story of the Shilling.] “We have now a pretty little shilling, indeed a very pretty one. I have but one I think in my purse, and the last day I had put it away almost for an old groat, and so I trust some will take them. The fineness of the silver I cannot see, but therein is printed a fine sentence, that is, TIMOR DOMINI FONS VITÆ VEL SAPIENTIÆ, The fear of the Lord is the fountain of life or wisdom. I would God the sentence were always printed in the heart of the King in chusing his wife, and in all his officers."-LATIMER'S First Sermon before King Edward the Sixth.

"THERE is a certain man that being asked if he had been at the sermon that

and wot ye what? I chanced in my last sermon to speak a merry word of the new shilling (to refresh my auditory) how I was like to put away my new shilling for an old groat. I was herein noted to speak seditiously."-LATIMER'S Third Sermon preached before King Edward the Sixth.

[Unmercifulness and lack of Charity in London.]

"LONDON was never so ill as it is now. In times past men were full of pity and compassion, but now there is no pity: for in London their brother shall die in the streets for cold; he shall lie sick at the door between stock and stock, I cannot tell what to call it, and perish there for hunger. Was there ever a more unmercifulness in Nebo? I think not."-LATIMER'S Sermon of the Plough.

[True Christian Apparel, or The Wedding Garment.]

"Now when we keep this promise, and leave wickedness and do that which Christ our Saviour requireth of us, then we have the wedding garment, and though we be very poor, and have but a russet coat, yet we are well when we are decked with him. There be a great many which go very gay in velvet and sattin, but for all that I fear they have not Christ upon them, for all their gorgeous apparel."-LATIMER's Sermon on the Epistle for the First Sunday in Advent.

[Unpreaching Prelates the cause that the Blood of Hales so long deceived the people.] "WE have nothing in our pastime but God's blood! God's wounds!-We continu

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