laboring man has his rights which must be protected, as has also the manufacturer. Labor has been in a very unsettled and disturbed condition for some time past. Legislation along this line must receive the utmost care that the rights of both capital and labor are properly safeguarded.

We will also have many questions dealing with farming and other interests to consider. The farmers are the backbone of the Nation and their interests must be protected. In the return toward normal conditions, they have undoubtedly been the hardest hit of any interests. We must see that the agricultural interests receive the proper legislative attention and protection.

In closing, let me again thank you for the honor of being your presiding officer for the coming session. It is my wish that my actions, both in and out of office, may meet your fullest expectations and merit the full confidence reposed in me, and that the God of Wisdom and Justice may guide all of our deliberations, piloting the Ship of State safely over the turbulent waters through which we are sailing, so that when the session closes the people of this commonwealth can feel that the session has been a real benefit to the State rather than a source of criticism as has been the case so often in the past.

The Speaker announced that the next business in order was the election of a Speaker pro tem.

The roll was called by the Clerk and the members voted as follows:

The Speaker announced that Fred E. Dunn, having received a majority of all the votes cast for the office of Speaker pro tem, was duly elected Speaker pro tem of the House of Representatives.

Mr. Jensen moved that a committee of three be appointed to conduct the Speaker pro tem to the chair.

The motion prevailed.

The Speaker named as such committee Messrs. Jensen, Holland and Dean. The committee performed the duty assigned it, and through its Chairman introduced the Speaker pro tem, who addressed the House as follows:

Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House: Permit me again to thank you for the honor you have conferred upon me in electing me to the office of Speaker

pro tem.

I shall endeavor at all times to act in accord with the policy of the Speaker for the transaction of business in accordance with the will of this House. The problems confronting this State are many and weighty and deserve the most painstaking consideration. To their solution I promise you my most

sincere and earnest effort.

If called upon to preside I shall endeavor to show that your confidence in me has not been misplaced.

I thank you.

The Speaker announced that the next business in order was the election of a Clerk.

The roll was called by Frank E. Fitzgerald, Journal Clerk of the preceding House, and the members voted as follows:

The Speaker announced that Charles S. Pierce, having received a majority of all the votes cast for the office of Clerk, was duly elected Clerk of the House of Representatives.

The Speaker announced that the next business in order was the election of a Sergeant-at-Arms.

The roll was called by the Clerk and the members voted as follows:

The Speaker announced that Clarence D. Birkholm, having received a majority of all the votes cast for the office of Sergeant-at-Arms, was duly elected Sergeantat-Arms of the House of Representatives.

The Clerk-elect and the Sergeant-at-Arms-elect took and subscribed the constitutional oath of office, which was administered by the Speaker.

By unanimous consent the House took up the order of

Motions and Resolutions.

Mr. Jerome offered the following resolution:

House resolution No. 1.

Resolved that the following be adopted as the standing rules of this House:

Rule 1. A majority of the members elected to the house shall constitute a quorum.

Admission to Floor.

Rule 2. No person, unless introduced by a member, shall be admitted within the bar of the House, except the governor, members of the senate, heads of the departments of the state government, judges, members of congress, those who have been members of congress, of the constitutional convention of the state and of the state legislature and correspondents of daily papers. All persons provided for as above shall be known to the sergeant-at-arms, and persons introduced shall be admitted within the bar only upon the personal request of a member each time such courtesy is granted.

Bar of the House.

Rule 3. The words "within the bar of the house," when used in these rules, shall mean the space on the main floor of representative hall, together with the cloak, document and toilet rooms.

CHAPTER II.

Officers.

Speaker.

Duties as Presiding Officer.

Rule 4. The speaker shall take the chair each day at the hour to which the house shall have adjourned. He shall call the house to order, and, except in the absence of a quorum, shall proceed to business in the manner prescribed by these rules.

Rule 5. He shall preserve order and decorum; may speak to points of order, rising from his seat for that purpose; and shall decide questions of order, subject to an appeal to the house. When two or more members rise at once, the speaker shall name the member who is first to speak.

Appointment of Committees.

Rule 6. He shall appoint all committees, except where the house shall otherwise order.

Naming of Acting Speaker.

Rule 7. He may substitute any member to perform the duties of the chair, but not for a longer time than one day without leave of the house.

Naming of Chairman Committee of the Whole.

Rule 8. When the house shall have decided to go into the committee of the whole, he shall name a chairman to preside therein.

Voting.

Rule 9. He shall vote in all elections, on all divisions called for by any member and on all questions taken by yeas and nays, except on appeals from his decisions.

Putting the Question.

Rule 10. He shall distinctly put all questions in this form, to-wit: "As many as are in favor of (as the question may be), say 'aye,'" and after the affirmative voice is expressed, "as many as are opposed, say 'no.'" If the speaker doubt or division be called for, the house shall divide-those voting in the affirmative shall first rise, then those in the negative.

Recognition During Roll Call.

Rule 11. After a question has been stated by the speaker, and the calling of the roll has been begun by the clerk, the speaker shall not recognize a member for any purpose, except to demand the vote of another member or upon points of order, until after the announcement of the vote by the clerk; but he shall preserve order and direct members who are not in their seats to resume them and vote when their names are called.

Powers and Duties.

Speaker pro tem.

Rule 12. In the absence of the speaker, the speaker pro tem shall exercise the powers and perform the duties of speaker and shall preside over the house unless the speaker shall have designated a member to preside for any day.

Roll Call.

Clerk.

Rule 13. The clerk shall call the roll at the opening of each session of the house and announce whether or not a quorum is present. He shall announce the names of the members absent with leave of the house and the names of the members absent without leave and enter the names of all absentees upon the journal.

Conduct of Religious Exercises.

Rule 14. He shall arrange for the conduct of religious exercises at the opening of each session of the house.

Publication and Correction of Journal.

Rule 15. He shall make up and complete the journal of the house in conformity with the rules, supervise the daily publication thereof and make such corrections therein from day to day as may be necessary.

Order of Business.

Rule 16. He shall keep the several orders of business separate and distinct,

No. 1.]

JOURNAL OF THE HOUSE.

13

and shall prepare and place on the desk of each member each day a list of the business on his desk under each order of business.

Printing, Announcement of Printing and Enrollment of Bills.

Rule 17. He shall attend to the printing of all bills, acts or documents ordered printed by the house. He shall announce each day the numbers and titles of all bills, both house and senate, which have been printed and placed upon the files of the members and the numbers and titles of bills which have been enrolled and presented to the governor.

Responsibility for Care of Bills; Presentation of Enrolled Bills to Governor. Rule 18. He shall be responsible to the house for the care and preservation of each bill introduced into the house and for each bill received from the senate up to the time of its return to that body, which responsibility shall only be relieved by a receipt from a proper person when the bill passes from his possession. When a bill has been finally passed by the two houses he shall present to the governor an enrolled copy thereof printed in accordance with the statute relating thereto, taking a receipt therefor showing the day and hour at which such copy was deposited in the executive office.

Appointment of Assistants.

Rule 19. The clerk shall appoint as assistants in the performance of the duties required of him a journal clerk, bill clerk, three proof-readers, a reading clerk, financial clerk, and such other assistants as the house may by resolution authorize, who shall be subject to his orders and to summary removal by him on failure to properly perform the duties assigned them, the reason for such removal to be reported forthwith to the house.

Incapacity of Clerk.

Rule 20. In case of the inability of the clerk, from sickness or other cause, to perform the duties of his office, temporarily, the journal clerk shall be charged with the responsibility of the clerk and shall perform his duties.

Notices in Cases of Extra Sessions.

Rule 21. Whenever the legislature shall be called to meet in extraordinary session, the clerk of the house shall notify to be present at the opening of the session such of the clerks and employes of the house as the speaker of the house shall designate.

Powers and Duties.

Sergeant-at-Arms.

Rule 22. The Sergeant-at-arms shall be the chief police officer of the house. He shall attend to the He shall have charge of the keepers of the cloak and committee rooms, janitors and messengers, and control of all police regulations. heating, lighting and ventilation of the hall or representatives, committee rooms and connecting corridors. He shall serve all subpoenas and warrants issued by the house or any duly authorized officer or committee.

CHAPTER III.
Members.

Conduct in Debate.

Rule 23. When any member is about to speak in debate, or present any matter to the house, he shall rise from his seat, and respectfully address himself to "Mr. Speaker;" he shall confine himself to the question under debate, and avoid personalities.

Members Called to Order.

Rule 24. If any member in speaking transgress the rules of the house, the speaker shall, or any member may, call him to order; in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down and shall not rise unless to explain or proceed in order.