requires the whole man; omne verbum vigilans with me that toucheth upon that string. For love of Christ, let me have early instructions what I am to do, and then I trust we shall be able (and that alone will be I assure you a mighty work) to hold ourselves here upon the stayes, by one means or other. I humbly thank you for your friendly and kind wishes to my safety; but if it be the will of God to bring upon us for our sins that fiery trial, all the respects of this life laid aside, it shall appear more by actions than words, that I can never think myself too good to die for my gracious master, or favour my skin in the zealous and just pro- | secution of his commands, statutum est semel."—Ibid. vol. 2, p. 202.

Of the Scottish business, he says to Lord Clifford, (Aug. 1638,)" as I am not at all advised with hitherto, to speak of, so I shall more voluntarily interest myself in, as in truth having in this kingdom sufficient, if not too much for one man to go through with."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 208

To Land, "Undoubtedly that business concerning Mr. Croxton is at rest, for I hear no more of it, for which I am glad. For as the times are now disposed, the fewer of those questions are stirred the better. However, Dr. Sing, nor all the minstrels in Ireland to help him, shall neither sing nor play me forth of the remembrance I have upon what terms Mr. Croxton was commended unto me before I touched Irish earth, and so both they and he shall find if there be occasion.”—Ibid. vol. 2, p.

249.

"I UNDERSTAND I am deep in that lord's displeasure, (Hamilton's) but why or where. fore, by all Truth I know not, and therefore care not. I procure daily so many ill wishers, keep the friends I have with so much difficulty, in this rigid way I go for my master's service, as almost makes business unwelcome unto me, yet so long as I

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do serve, I will thorough by the grace of God, follow after what shall please him to send."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 250.

HOLLAND insinuated that he was insane, and to have it said he had been confined three quarters of a year. If I understand his reply, he had been delirious three days in his childhood.—Ibid. vol. 2, p. 292.

1638. To Newcastle

"In sadness I judge my wisdom in manageing of affairs to be very small, yet do know my desires and resolutions in the pursuit of my masters commands and trusts to be so just and faithful, that I am not out of hope within a little more time to have as few declared enemies, as now I have many. Surely when they shall find how much they have been misinformed of me, they will either for truth sake, or shame give me In the mean time I shall practise over. quietness in my own thoughts, and patience towards other men."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 256.

1638. "If it shall not please God to put the Scottish subjects into their right wits again, that they do humbly and repentantly conform to your Majesty's will, I shall give order that for this next year there be paid at York to Sir William Uvedale your treasurer for the wars, as my rents come in, £1000 at Midsummer, and £1000 at Christmas; and if this be not sufficient, I do most humbly beseech your Majesty command all I have there to the uttermost farthing. And I am desired by the Master of the Rolls, and Sir George Radcliffe, that £500 betwixt them may be accepted upon the same terms and the same days of payment. And in like manner a young Captain of your Majesty's, my brother, that hath some fortune by his wife there, £100.”—Vol. 2, p. 279.

"I THANK God I never found a purpose in my heart to wrong any creature; yet for

membered: when he met with a well-penned oration or tract upon any subject or question, he framed a speech upon the same argument, inventing and disposing what seemed fit to be said upon that subject, before he read the book; then reading the book, compare his own with the author, and note his own defects, and the author's art and fulness, whereby he drew all that ran in the author more strictly, and might better judge of his own wants to supply them."-Ibid. p. 435.

STRAFFORD offered his life if he would urge the king to abolish Episcopacy. LAUD'S Troubles, p. 177.

Fairfax.

He had a collection of ancient coins, which were purchased by Thoresby's father.

"Or the heterogeneous character of Sir T. Fairfax," says WHITAKER, "it would be unpardonable in an antiquary to speak without gratitude, in an Englishman, without a mixture of censure and pity. He was bred a presbyterian, though without any violent hostility against the Church of England, and he served the Parliament without any personal animosity against the king. Till roused by action, the native powers of his mind seemed to doze; his deportment was awkward, his temper sullen, his conceptions clouded, his utterance embarrassed. In the field of battle he was all on fire, prompt, intelligible, and spirited. He was a man of no intuition into character, and suffered himself to be duped by the Parliament into the fashionable opinion of | their absolute supremacy, even over the king himself, as the great council of the nation. This is strongly, though politely expressed in the following letter, addressed to the Queen on her landing at Burlington, which has never before been published.

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"To the sacred Majesty of the Queen.” SELBY, the 25th Feb. 1642-3.

MADAM,

"Your Majesty's safe and happy arrival in this county doth infinitely rejoice the hearts of all men, who though divided in opinions and fallen into most bloody dissentions, yet every one hopes by your Majesty to obtain his desires. My hopes and the expectation of all men with me are, that by the powerful influence of your Majesty's presence, your gracious mediation and great wisdom, this kingdom which hath tasted nothing but war and misery since your Majesty left it, shall now be restored to the happy condition of peace, and all misunderstanding taken away, which in human reason is the only means to make your majesty and your royal posterity to be loved and rich at home, potent and feared abroad.

"Madam,-The Parliament (the sceptre) by which all the glorious and happy princes of this land have governed, hath commanded me to serve the King and your Majesty in securing the peace of these northern parts. My highest ambition and humblest suit is, that your Majesty refusing all attendance and service of those who by that highest Court have been found and declared enemies of the peace and state, you will be pleased to admit me and the forces with me to guard your sacred person, wherein I and this army shall all of us more willingly sacrifice our lives than suffer any danger to invade the trust reposed in, madam, your most loyal, most humble servant, T. Fairfax."-Loidis and Elmete, p. 194.

"THE most extraordinary part of Fairfax's character was a passionate fondness for antiquarian pursuits, which might seem alike incompatible with the drowsy humour of the Presbyterian' and the active engagements of the soldier. To him we are indebted not only for the basis of Thoresby's museum, but what is of infinitely more importance, for the voluminous col

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195.

FAIRFAX refused to open the king's letters taken at Naseby, but Cromwell and Ireton pressed him to it.-RUSHWORTH, vol. 6, preface iii.

AFTER the surrender of Colchester, Fair. fax writes thus to Manchester, Speaker (pro tempore) of the House of Peers, "for some satisfaction to military Justice, and in part of avenge for the innocent blood they have caused to be spilt, and the trouble, damage, and mischief they have brought upon the town, this country and the kingdom; I have, with the advice of a council of war of the chief officers, both of the country forces and the army, caused two of them who were rendered at mercy, to be shot to death before any of them had quarter assured them. The persons pitched upon for this example were Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle; in whose military execution I hope your lordships will not find cause to think your honour or justice prejudiced. As for the Lord Goring, Lord Capel, and the rest of the persons rendered to mercy, and now assured of quarter, of whose names I have sent your lordship a particular list, I do hereby render unto the Parliaments judgment, for further public justice and mercy to be used, as you shall see cause."RUSHWORTH, vol. 7, p. 1213.

SIR P. WARWICK says of Fairfax, he was "a man of a military genius, undaunted courage and presence of mind in the field both in action and danger, but of a very common understanding in all other affairs,

Bastwick.

NALSON (vol. 1, p. 499,) quotes this from

libel, p. 19, speaking of the Romish

duce the English Church. "In the number of which," saith he, "are cardinals, patriarchs, primates, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, deans, and innumerable such vermin, a member of which monstrous body our hierarchy is; this is not known in Sacred Writ, nor never came from God, but rather from the pope and the devil.

Diabolus caccavit illos."

OF Laud he says, "I am so hardened in goodness, as I fear neither post nor pillory; conceiving always that I hold my ears by a better tenure than he holds his nose, being a loyaller subject to my prince than he hath grace to be, and better able to do him service than he hath ability to judge of. But if he should by his might and power, and the iniquity of the times, advance me to that desk (the pillory), I doubt not by the grace of God I shall make there the funeral sermons of all the prelates in England. I hope I shall have the honour of the good work, and withal bring such things to light, as all Europe and the whole Church of God shall be the better for it to the world's end. And if they shall sacrifice me upon the altar of the pillory, I shall so bleat out their episcopal knaveries, as the odour and sweet smelling savour of the oblation shall make such a propitiation for the good of this land and kingdom, as the King himself and all loyal subjects shall fare the better for it.

"And he closes his admonition to the reader with this sentence, from whence it took the name of his Litany, from plague, pestilence, and famine, from bishops, priests, and deacons, good Lord deliver us.'”—p. 10.

BASTWICK'S whole letter to the Keeper

of the Gate House (NALSON, vol. 1, p. 500,) should be given in a note.

In another letter he entreats the keeper to give him liberty upon the word of a Christian, and one reason is that he might go abroad to practise upon such as had the plague, which was then in London, "of which he tells him he is not afraid; and indeed who ever reads the whole libel would have reason to credit him; for it is so pestilent that no plague could be more mortal."-Ibid. p. 502.

MORE specimens of his crazy humour, Ibid. p. 503; and of his beastly abuse, p. 502.

WHEN Bastwick quarrelled with Lilburne he fell as foul upon the Independents as he had done upon the bishops, and deduced them also from the devil's posteriors. - Ibid. D. 512.

"His libel was written when he was a prisoner for a book which he had written against one Chouncy when under pretence of battering down the pope's supremacy, he aspersed the English Church. A wealthy and grave citizen visited him then as a martyr, and urged him to write his Litany; rewarded him with ten pieces of gold for it, and circulated it in MS. Lilburne then newly out of his apprenticeship got it printed in Holland, and the disperser made £60 by the first edition, but on the second the disperser saved himself by informing against Lilburne, who was thus brought within reach of the law."-Ibid. vol. 1, p. 513-4.

GARRARD says that B. writes an excellent Latin style.-STRAFFORD'S Letters, vol. 2, p. 57.

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1037. "IN the palace yard two pillories were erected, and there the sentence of Star Chamber against Burton, Bastwick and Prynne was executed. They stood two hours in the pillory; Burton by himself, being degraded in the High Commission Court three days before. The place was full of people, who cried and howled terribly, especially when Burton was cropt. Dr. Bastwick was very merry; his wife, Dr. Poe's daughter, got a stool, kissed him; his ears being cut off, she called for them, and put them in a clean handkerchief, and carried them away with her. Bastwick told the people the lords had collar days at court, but this was his collar-day, rejoicing much in it."- GARRARD, vol. 2, p. 85.

Brynne.

NALSON says (vol. 1, p. 798,) "I have heard a gentleman his familiar avow that he was so infinitely sensible both of the folly and mischief of those youthful and passionately injudicious essays, which were rather the results of prejudice and revenge than law or reason, that he has heard Mr. Prynne say, that if the King had cut off his head when he only cropt his ears, he had done no more than justice, and done God and the nation good service."

1634. "No mercy shewed to Prynne: he stood in the pillory, and lost his first ear in a pillory in the palace at Westminster in full term, his other in Cheapside; where while he stood his volumes were burnt under his nose, which had almost suffocated him."-GARRARD. STRAFFORD'S Letters, vol. 1, p. 261.

1634, June 20❝MR. PRYNNE, prisoner in the Tower, who hath got his ears sewed on, that they grow again as before to his head, is relapsed into new error.”—Ibid. p. 266.