STRAFFORD.

LAUD writes to Strafford, 1635. "I have lately understood of some practising on the Queen's side about portions of tithes, to keep them still alienated from the Church; I am bold to give your Lordship notice of this which I hear, that if there be any such thing you would be pleased to make stay of it, till his Majesty's pleasure be farther known, whose royal intendments I make no doubt are alike gracious touching the portions of tithes as the impropriations themselves,”—Ibid. p. 431.

66

201

rents, their civility, increase daily; and together with them, the King's revenue doth in some measure grow upon us, so as we shall be presently able to defray ourselves, which at my coming fell short near thirty thousand pounds a year."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 80.

It was Strafford's advice that the King should not permit gunpowder to be made in Ireland.-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 87.

STRAFFORD recovered or purchased the -I HEAR they have sent over agents, customs, which had been usurped or alieforsooth, into England, to what intent Inated. Upon asking authority to purchase know not; but I trust they will be welcomed as they deserve; it having been anciently the chief art of this nation, by the intervention of these agencies to destroy the services of the crown, and strike thorough the honour and credit of this state and the ministers thereof. But I trust they will find this receipt to fail them now, and the temper of their constitution better understood than that such physic as this shall be longer thought to be proper to recover them forth of that superstition and barbarism which hath hitherto been the reproach almost of the English."—Ibid. vol. 1, p. 473.

STRAFFORD calls the army "an excellent minister and assistant in the execution of all the King's writs, the great peace-maker between the British and the natives, betwixt the Protestant and the Papist; and the chief securer, under God and his Majesty, of the future and past plantations." -Ibid. vol. 2, p. 18.

1637. He writes:-"Yet methinks something begins to appear amongst us, as if this nation might in time become a strength, a safety, and without charge, to that crown; a purpose the English have long had, but hitherto never effected. Their trade, their

back the grant of those of Carrickfergus, he says:-" And then are all the customs thorough the kingdom entirely the King's, as in all reason of state they ought to be, and so preserved; for when they are in several hands, each labouring to improve the profit of his own port, and by favouring merchants, to draw them thither, hinders the King far more in other places, and consequently in a great part impairs the revenue itself."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 91.

"As for the Archbishop of Cashell, I know him to be as dangerous and ill-affected a person as is in the kingdom, and know also he is a pensioner of Spain. You would little imagine, perhaps, that the titular bishoprick should be worth above two thousand pounds sterling a year, yet it is no less."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 111.

"FOR the Cathedral of Down, if it shall be thought fit, (as stands with reason in my opinion,) there should be an act of state enjoining that whole diocese to contribute their several proportions of the charge it shall be estimated at, and to be raised upon the abler sort, not upon the poor people. I assent it with all my heart,-neither for that alone, but for all the Cathedrals throughout the whole kingdom. For, methinks, it

1637. "If we be foreborne awhile at the first, till we have invited over and settled the English in these plantations now on foot, this kingdom will grow not only to itself, but to the increase of his Majesty's revenues exceedingly above what is expected from it. But it seems there are some envious against so great a good, and have sent us over a new book of rates, and thereby laid such a burden upon trade as will affright all people to touch upon our coasts. All this, forsooth, under a pretence of raising the King's revenue. I know not the workman; but be it who it will, I am sure he undertook either more than he understood, or more than he meant any good unto."Ibid. vol. 2, p. 121.

1638. "THE old bishop of Kilfanova is dead, and his bishoprick one of those which when it falls, goes a begging for a new husband, being not worth more than fourscore pounds to the last man: but in the handling of an understanding prelate might, perchance, grow to be worth two hundred pounds; but then it will cost money in suits."—Ibid. vol. 2, p. 172.

STRAFFORD. "IT is very truth there is something further touching confession in these canons, than are in those of England, and in my poor judgment much to the better. For howbeit auricular confession to the parish priest is not allowed as a necessary duty to be imposed upon the conscience, yet did I never hear any but commend the free and voluntary practice of it, to such a worthy and holy person as should be thought fit to communicate with in so serious and important a business."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 195.

SIR ARTHUR HOPTON, from Spain, 1618. - THE two colonels that are here, Ty

"REMEDY sufficient would be found here to help the church to her own, if we might be let alone but being carried hence to de-rone and Tyrconnel, would make them belegates in England, we have no more to say, lieve, that all the Irish that serve them, further, than that by this means two poor come for love of them, and without his Mavicars have been undone, through the charge jesty's leave, which I conceive to be so preof prosecution, and now as near an end of judicial to his Majesty's service, both in retheir cause as when they begun. Indeed, gard of the honour of his sovereignty, and my lord, if there be way given to such ap-depriving him of the gratitude that is due peals as these in an ordinary way of pro- unto him from this King, as I could wish ceeding, this clergy shall sue for no tithes there were a watchful eye had, that no solbut the recovery of them shall cost infalli-diers be suffered to pass out of that kingbly more than they are worth, how good so- dom but by his Majesty's order. Here they ever the success can be; and so the chan- would esteem them in any kind, for it is the cery and your civilians there, under colour nation that hath their good opinion, and not of enlarging their jurisdiction over Ireland, the colonels who have done no service at bring the greatest oppression upon this poor all."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 243. clergy that ever was. And yet I will not say, but in some emergent occasion it may be fit such appeals be procured; but in truth, it is too strong a medium to be applied as an ordinary and safe cure for all diseases."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 138.

"-As the woods decay, so do the hawks and martins of this kingdom. But in some woods I have, my purpose is by all means I can to set up a breed of martins: a good

STRAFFORD-LORD NORTH-PHELAN-CARTE

one of these is as much worth as a good wether, yet neither eats so much, or costs so much attendance: but then the pheasants |_ must look well to themselves; for they tell me these vermin will hunt and kill them notably."—Ibid. vol. 2, p. 249.

A SILVER Seal of one of the kings of Connaught found, and one of their bits of gold weighing ten ounces. Ibid. vol. 2, p. 267.

go

203

LORD NORTH (Parliamentary History, vol. 20, p. 1272-3) said that "before the Restoration the Irish enjoyed every commercial advantage and benefit in common with England." Certes this was not Strafford's policy. He supposes them to have been introduced out of dislike to Ormond. But see the speech.

WHEN the young Earl of Desmond came to Kilmallock, the people threw wheat and salt upon him, according to the ancient ceremony used in that province (Munster). This was Saturday, next day they spat upon him when he came out of the Protestant Church-PHELAN, Policy of the Church of Rome in Ireland, p. 169.

1678. "THE affairs of this kingdom go on very prosperously, God be praised: and having honourably and justly bettered the revenue here since my coming to the vernment £50,000 a year, we are now able to bear our own charge with advantage, which this crown never did before. The INTENT of Poyning's law (Irish Parliatrade increaseth daily, and the land im- mentary Debates, vol. 1, p. 155). “It was proves mightily. I dare say all men's rents thought that when Lambert Simnel was a third part better than when I set first crowned in Dublin, if there had been a footing on Irish ground, and very clearly | Parliament sitting, that Parliament would will still grow, if peace continue."-Ibid. have acknowledged him as rightful king." vol. 2, p. 270.

No rebellion if Strafford had lived.LAUD'S Troubles.

THE Papists in Ireland generally estimated at twenty to one, in many places more.-Clarendon Papers, vol. 2, p. 66.

1627. SCHEMES for reducing Ireland under the Spanish dominion. The Spanish embassy required of the Pope that the Irish bishoprics should be provided only in persons well affected and able to serve the Spanish service; and consequently such as were found affected to the King and state of England should be excluded from all preferments.-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 67.

Carte's Life of Drmonde,

V. TRADITION (confirmed by an act of Parliament Henry VI.) that the Ormonde family were heirs of Becket.

ix. The act says, "of whose blood they are lineally descended."

xvi. Before 1641 the prisage of wine in Ireland, granted by Henry II. to Theobald Walter, the first butler of Ireland, was leased for £2600 a year.

xxix. How Kildare came improperly to have precedence of Ormonde.

xxxiv. Richard Duke of York's good government.

xlii. Edward IV. used to say of Sir John de Ormonde, the earl who died without issue in the Holy Land, 1478, "that he was the goodliest knight he ever beheld, and the finest gentleman in Christendom, and that if good breeding, nurture and liberal qualiJESUITS' negociations with Cromwell. ties were lost in the world, they might all Ibid. vol. 2, p. 509.

be found in him."

12. Elizabeth cut the sinews of Tynne's strength by issuing base money in Ireland, which was worth nothing abroad, so that he could purchase no supplies from other coun-ceived at first. tries.

13. Excellent intention of James I. Evil old law concerning the king's prerogative in which he abolished.

GUILDFORD-DODD-BARLOTOCEI-NALSON-BARROW.

to have been accused unjustly, and that he was a victim to Lord Cork's resentment. 77-8. Usher's errors.

85. Introduction of flax.

Reason for not allowing the clothing trade in Ireland.

87-8. A good view of the rise of the troubles in Scotland, and of the part taken by France in fomenting them.

89. When the Roman Catholics raised contributions for Charles, 1639, the Pope sent express orders to his Nuncio to enjoin them to desist.

97. Burnet accused of cooking up a fine speech for Bedel,—no such speech having been spoken.

205

Ir was a good saying of Cardinal Allen's, (DODD, vol. 2, p. 53) "That for a man to do great things, it was necessary to be both rich, and a despiser of riches."

“NIHIL ardet in Inferno nisi propria voluntas," is a saying which Jeremy Taylor quotes from Saint Bernard. Nothing burns in the eternal flames of Hell, but a man's heart, nothing but his will.

"THE Jews of the Holy Land when they visit in pilgrimage the graves of the ancient Rabbis, repeat over the grave those pro101. Some ecclesiastical customs, "such as verbs which the Rabbi who is there interred Saint Patrick's ridges, soul money, anoint- used most frequently to inculcate to his ing muttons, holy water, clerk, and Mary disciples."-BARLOTOCEI, vol. 1, p. 9. gallons, had been in many places introduced in the times of Popery, and were by custom raised into a constant revenue."

115. The first application ever made from Ireland to an English House of Commons, was the infamous remonstrance against Strafford.

134. Parliament would not allow the disbanded troops in 1641 to enter into foreign service; consequently these troops became the strength of the rebellion.

140. The practice of finding verdicts contrary to the evidence began when the penal laws against Recusants (Papist) were put in execution. From that cause it soon extended to others.

155. Among the old Irish no one could lay claim to any particular lands as their inheritance, by their own laws, but all of a sept thought they had a general right to the whole. 221. What Ireland suffered by being governed by strangers.

LORD KEEPER GUILDFORD used to say, (Life, vol. 2, p. 54) speaking professionally, that "passion had a credit with him; for wherever it appeared, he commonly found honesty lay."

Knavery is generally cool.

"RELIGION," says SIR BENJAMIN RUDYARD, was first and best planted in cities. God did spread his net where most might be caught."-NALSON, vol. 2, p. 298.

"THE same word in Hebrew which signifieth to praise or applaud, signifieth also to infatuate, or make mad."-Barrow, vol. 3, p. 218.

"SCANDERBACH, bon Juge et tres expert, avoit accoustumé de dire, que dix ou douze mille combattants fideles, devoyent baster à un suffisant chef de guerre, pour garantir sa reputation en toute sorte de besoing militaire."-MONTAIGNE, tom. 6, p. 345.

LORD CONWAY says to Strafford, "You were so often with Sir Anthony Vandyke, that you could not but know his gallantry for the love of Lady Stanhope, but he is come off with a coglioneria, for he disputed with her about the price of her picture, and sent her word that if she would not give the price he demanded, he would sell