376 DIRECTORIUM IN EXERCITIA-FRANCISCO DE SALAZAR. Expenses, neither to be demanded, nor refused. Only necessary speech with the attendant. 26. This attendant may in certain cases be one of the Patient's own, to whom he will open himself more freely than to his Director. 31. Fit times of visiting, early and late. 33. In time of consolation he may be left much to himself. 34. Men like to choose, or think that they choose their own way. 35. Written meditations given them that the memory may be spared, the whole strength of the faculties being required for the understanding and the will. 35. Great danger of hurting the head by prayer. 39. By this they may reform other Orders in no invidious way, qualifying their own members to undertake the work of reformation. 41. The Course may be at the patient's own house, "quod aliquando melius esse potest, quam ut ipsi domum nostram veniant et instructorem: præsertim cum sunt personæ Illustriores, quia sic facilius res celatur." But retreat is best-to the country or to a convent. 43. How women are to be dealt with; for whom however the Course was not designed. 43. Novices to have the Exercises piecemeal. 46. Others of the Order to go through them for their own amendment. 52. The consideration of our latter end the foundation of this Course, "quia est basis totius ædificii moralis et spiritualis." 54. Every man has some ruling vice. One must be selected to begin with. 57. Why the first exercise is called of the three Powers. 58. Too much imagination must not be directed to the Preludes. 61. The Colloquies are what require most reverence. 64. General Confession to be advised, at the end of the first Week. 72. "Applicatio Sensuum." This accords ill with the caution given at p. 58. 81. How the person who makes his election sure is to choose rejecting all thoughts but the one needful. 84. He must be watchful in detecting the false logic of the devil. 85. Choice of a religious state-and of which. 86. 105. No vow to be made when the choice is fixed, lest it be repented when the spirit flags. 122. The first Week's Course is purgative, the second partly purgative and partly illuminative, and so the third. The fourth unctive. 124. Il consequences of passing per saltum to the unctive Course. 120-7. Precautions after the Course. Francisco de Salazar. Afectos y Conside raciones devotas sobre los quatro Novissimos, añadidas a los Exerciosos de la Primera Semaña. 10th edition, 1758. SUCH helps as this were much wanted, many such therefore had been prepared; but this, which long circulated in MS., was found the best. 1-2. First Prelude. 22-3. The presentation of his own sinful state. 39. "If any one held me suspended by a single rope from the top of a high tower, should I dare provoke him? Yet Lord,” &c. 48. Moravian language. 52. Renunciation of his parents, and of his senses. 54. Christ represented in terrors. 137. A particular Judgement. 138. The Guardian Angel accusing him, REGULÆ SOCIETATIS-LINGUET-LEDWICH. 190. Of 30,000 who died at the same time with S. Bernard, only five souls were saved. Of 6000 at another time, three souls went to Purgatory, one to Heaven, the rest to the Pit, whence nulla est redemptio. 35. Regula Societatis. 1635. 4. Its end the good of others. Their vocation. No austerities required,-permitted only. 6. Every member must be contented to be constantly observed, and to have all his defects reported. 70. And with women. 377 71. The Superior may allow them to receive money. 75. Not to reprove Dignities in their sermons,-nor meddle with news. sermons. 76. Not to jest or relate idle tales in their -To prepare their discourses, and never either in sermon or lecture exceed an hour. The Dratorians. HAVING been instituted late, and in favourable circumstances, LINGUET says they have retained nothing "de la rouille monastique. C'est le plus respectable, et peut-être 11. No fees for any of their ministerial le seul respectable des ordres religieuses. functions. C'est le seul au moins qu'on n'ait jamais ac16. Every temptation must be confessed. cusé ni d'ambition, ni d'avidité, ni de bas17. No part to be taken in political af-sesse, ni de cruauté."-Hist. Imp. des Jefairs. 24. suites, vol. 1, p. 180. 22. At the summons of the bell, they must instantly repair to it, "statim vel imperfectâ litterâ relictâ." Every one must keep his own cell clean, and be his own chamberlain. 33. Subordination. 36. The Superior, and all others in authority, must every year take upon themselves some of the menial offices of the house. All letters to be inspected. 37. No musical instruments allowed. Pupils not to have their time employed in devotional exercises. 38. A holiday, or at least a half one every week. "AT Clonenagh, near Montrath, in Ireland, are cemeteries for men and women distinct from each other, by order of St. Fintan. It would have been a breach of chastity for monks and nuns to lie interred within the same inclosure."-LEDWICH, Antiquities of Ireland, p. 99. "IN the act of confession a woman is to place herself beside the Confessor, not before him, and not very near, so that he may hear her but not see her face, for the prophet Habakkuk says, the face of a woman 39. Every scholar reported to the Pro- shall sup up as the East Wind.”—Partida, vincial. 44. Not to undertake the care of Nuns. 45. Not to visit or write to women, ex cept for great cause. their Colleges. Women not to enter 1, tit. 4, ley 26. HOSTIENS. quoted in the Gloss. "IF upon the death of a Monk any money 48-9. Rules for deportment, and for car- was found in his possession it was to be rying a Jesuitical face. 68. They must know the Exercises thoroughly. 69. Deportment when hearing confession. buried with him in a dunghill. But the Gloss. adds that not all the money-thirty pence will be sufficient as a sign of his damnation."-Ibid. vol. 1, tit. 7, ley 14. 378 GARIBAY-MORALES-M. LUSITANA. ANTHOLOGIA KATHOLIKA. Mythologia Hispana. "DE qualquier Santo de quien otro Santo sabemos que escribió su historia, luego nos damos por satisfechos, y con reverencia tenemos por muy verdadero y de grande autoridad todo lo que alli se cuenta."-AMBROSIO DE MORALES, t. 4, p. 291. GARIBAY, 7. 1. DURING the night of the Nativity there was no darkness in Spain: a luminous cloud, bright and effulgent as the sun, irradiated the whole country.—MORALES, 9. 1. 3. LUCAS, Ind. THE histories of the Saints do not always accord, but "es cosa piadosa y devota tener por cierto, lo que las Iglesias particulares rezan en las fiestas de sus propios Santos."-MORALES, 9. 14. 3. Mythologia Hispanica. FIRST the legend of Santiago and of the Pillar of Zaragoza. For these saw GARIBAY and the Annales de Galicia, as well as for the topical histories. St. Torpes. WHO made this noble lie, or when was it made? "In the days of Nero there lived at Sines on the coast of Alemtejo, a Christian lady named Celerina. She had revelations that some great treasure was shortly to come to her by sea, and therefore often went to the beach to look for it, and at last she saw a boat come driving on without sail or oar, or living soul to guide it, but on it came and safely entered the port and came to shore. Celerina went on board and found the dead body of a man mangled by various 1 May 17. torture and his throat cut. There was nothing with the corpse except a cock and a dog. The pious lady, knowing by revelation and by the incorruptibility and sweet savour of the body, that it was the precious corpse of S. Torpes the Martyr, had it buried in a fitting sepulchre on the place where it had stranded, and then a church was erected and altars to his honour.”—M. LUSITANA, 2. 5. 6. "Now the aforesaid Saint Torpes was a of Nero, and he being a courtier must be Roman Courtier, the friend and favourite he says, All the Saints salute you, but chiefly the chief person meant by St. Paul when they who are of Caesar's household; and it must have been owing to his interest with the Emperor that the Christians were not persecuted in the beginning of his reign, and that St. Paul was enabled to preach so long in Rome, and introduced to Seneca, with whom he became so intimate. However the Christianity of Torpes was detected when he was with Nero at Pisa, and he was delivered up to Suttelicius, the Pisan Goveinor, who, though a Pagan, proceeded to convert him in a right Catholic manner. First he put him in irons and cast him into a dungeon; then he advised him in a friendly manner to regard his own interest, and then tormented him, till the house fell in and killed him and all his Gentiles, leaving the Saint unhurt. Silvinus, his son, succeeded in his stead; turned a leopard loose at him, who fawned at his feet, and then a lion, who, as he ran rampant, fell down dead. After more whippings he was carried to the Temple of Diana before the Emperor. This temple was a most rare device; it was all of metal, supported upon ninety columns, whose sun, moon, and stars were made, and all by mechanism performed their revolutions, and showers at times were let fall from the roof, and thunder produced, and by underground engines the whole edifice would have an earthquake of its own. Here 2 Philippians iv. 22. MORALES-TORQUEMADA-GARIBAY. 379 Torpes was led, and when Nero bade him them to death; but as soon as the Chrisoffer incense, and live and be again his favourite, he lifted up his eyes, and called on Christ, and a real earthquake shook down the whole fabric, the costliest of all Nero's works. But nobody was hurt. Silvinus, for miracles never affected Pagans, then dragged him to the banks of the Arno, cut his throat, and put his body with the cock and the dog into the boat. A.D. 1521. D. Theotonio de Braganza, Archbishop of Evora, having accounts of the site of the ruined church, searched for the body, and com grandes averiguaçoēs e experiencias, the precious reliques were found and were, by special commission from Sextus V., approved and acknowledged for the very reliques of this very Saint! tians had crost the bridge, the arch fell in under their pursuers. Great part of the Accitanians in consequence were converted, and Torquatus remained among them as their bishop. An olive tree planted by his hand was for many ages shewn before his church, and was believed to produce fruit miraculously on the day of his feast. The other six settled in different parts of Spain, and these were the Saints who first introduced Mass into the country.-MORALES, 9. 13. Enoch, Elijah, and St. John. ENOCH, Elijah, and St. John, are all living and to confront Antichrist as witnesses This date is evidently false, for it is before of the three periods of nature, of the Law, D. Theotonio was born. The names indicate an ignorant inventor in an ignorant age. What inference from the planetarian temple? But let what can be made of the tale historically, I will make a Poem of it thus to end: Now this is the tale of St. Torpes, And you will believe it, I hope, and of the Gospel. Among many reasons for affirming this of St. John, one is that Christ said he and Santiago were to drink of his cup, and it is certain that he has not been martyred yet.—Ibid. 2. 5. Tit. 2. THEY are in Paradise; and the Cardinal HUGO says that Elijah was carried to a secret part of the earth, where he remains in great tranquillity, y sosiego, of body and of spirit. This secret part of the earth may certainly mean the Garden of Eden. St. Amaro got to Paradise. See for his life.TORQUEMADA, Mon. Indian. vol. 2, p. 530. The Seven Bishops. TORQUATUS, Indalecius, Euphrasius, Cecilius, Secundus, Thesiphon, and Hesicius, were sent by Peter and Paul to Spain. They arrived on the coast of Granada, and landed near Guadix, then Acci. Here they rested in a pleasant field, and sent their young men to the city for food. There was a festival that day in the city to the Idols. The worshippers beholding the strange dress of these foreigners, concluded that they professed a different religion, and that their appearance was an insult and profanation of the rites. They pursued them to put THE Virgin did indeed die, but as she alone of all creatures was free from original sin, so she alone was exempt from the pain of death; born without sin she died without suffering; and it is to be believed that her most holy body is together with her soul in heaven, since it has never been found in this world. Where if it had been, we cannot but suppose that in so great a number of years her precious Son would have revealed it to some one of so many his saints, martyrs, and confessors as have flourished in his church militant.-GARIBAY, 7. 4. She had a will in the business of redemp- I believe in the Holy Ghost. St. Simon, tion. "ella siendo elegida su intencion fue de parir e escusar nos el morir Y administrar nos la vida." Las 400 Respuestas, t. 1, p. 28. The Apostles hid themselves on the day of the Crucifixion and the following Saturday, for fear of the Jews, and had lost all hope and all faith. The Virgin was the only person who believed that he would rise again -the lumen fidei remansit in her only. 1 Partida, tit. 23, ley 6. JOSEPH FRANCESCO BORRI, a scoundrel of the 17th century, attempted to set up a new system of Christianity, of which the leading doctrine was that the Virgin Mary was the only daughter of God, and the Holy Ghost incarnate. The Creed. THE parts of the Creed are allotted to the Holy Catholick Church, the communion of Saints. St. Judas, the forgiveness of sinners. St. Mathias, the resurrection of the body and the life everlasting. I suppose they all said Amen together.—1 Partida, tit. 3, ley 1. Now these are called articles-quasi Articuli-joints of the faith. THE mystery of the number seven is observable here; seven articles relate to the divinity, seven to the humanity of Christ. Ibid. ley 2. THE sacraments are seven because seven evils proceeded from the fall, and each has its peculiar antidote or remedy appointed. Original sin is taken away by baptism, mortal sins by penitence, venial by extreme unction, ignorance by ordination, weakness of spirit by confirmation, frailty of the flesh by matrimony, the evil nature by the eucharist.-Ibid. tit. 4, ley 1. the several Apostles with sufficient pro-related as from her the ancient Scalabis, or THE Legend of St. Iria or Erea must be priety of tradition or invention. 1 St. Peter began-I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth. St. John, and in Jesus Christ his only Son of our Lord. Santiago, who was conceived of the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary. St. Andrew, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified dead and buried. St. Philip, he descended into hell. St. Thomas, on the third day he rose again from the dead. St. Bartholomew, he ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father. St. Matthew, from whence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead. St. James the Less, The authority is a Sermon 2. Dom. Palm. attributed to St. Augustine. It is said that there has scarcely been any heresy which is not contradicted by some part or other of the creed, and many modern heretics con damnata proposizione have held that it was not necessary to salvation to believe any thing more than what was contained therein.-BERNINA, 1, 5, Julium Præsidium, has acquired the name Santarem. Eria being a pious child was entrusted to two aunts, both religionists in a nunnery on the banks of the Nabao, now adjoining the bridge of Tomar. Britaldo, son of the lord of the land, fell in love with her, and fell sick for pure despair, never having told his love, for he knew it to be hopeless. Erea knew by revelation the secret cause of his him in so holy and effectual a strain that malady, went to him and reasoned with Britaldo said he was contented, and only besought that no other man might ever obtain the love which he would cease to desire, for that would drive him to desperate vengeance. It came to pass that Remigio, the virgin's tutor, yielded to the devil's power and tempted her, but in vain. To revenge his disappointment he gave her the juice of certain herbs, which made her swell and |