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"where is Beecher ?" said " Mr. Beecher is an eminent divine, a popular orator who addresses every Sunday large assemblages some of whom are, doubtless, members of his church, and many more who are not. But Mr. Beecher's sermon upon this particular theme was by no means of the character of those to whom I have referred, and if the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Kunkel) will read it I am quite sure he will draw a broad line of distinction between that sermon and those to which reference has been made. Mr. Beecher denounced all such appeals. Ultra as he is in politics, strongly allied as he doubtless is with the Republican party in sympathy, and effective as he is in co-operation with them, yet he sternly, in his pulpit, denounced all such attempts as wicked and irreligious and declared for himself, that having anxiously and deeply meditated upon his duty as a Christian minister upon this subject, he could see no path open for him, or any other right minded man, except to appeal to the sense of right of the South itself."

The speech of Mr. Sickles occupies eleven columns in the Congressional Globe and its conclusion is as follows: "The public opinion which now seems dangerous, to the general peace and safety is held bound in the grasp of the Constitution, and will yield to the duty which patriotism imposes. When that hour comes to the North-the sober second thought '-as come it will and come it must, all can repose with safety and confidence in its justice

and honor." (Applause in the galleries).

Mr. Adrain, of New Jersey, then obtained the floor and made an able speech as an Anti-Lecompton Democrat, and he, of course, opposed the administration of President Buchanan, but insisted that the Democratic party could be united on the policy of the Kansas-Nebraska act. Mr. Adrian caused to be read the resolution passed at a State Democratic Convention at Trenton, New Jersey, in August, 1859, two of which will be quoted, as showing the position of the Democratic party at that time in that State:

"Resolved, That while we condemn the Republican doctrine of Congressional prohibition, we with equal emphasis, condemn the doctrine recently started and now zealously advocated by extreme men, that slavery in the Territories should be fostered and protected by Congressional legislation. We condemn it because it is a violation of the fundamental principles of selfgovernment, and wrong and unjust in itself, tending to the violent agitation, unfriendly feeling and disunion, and because it is in direct violation of the Cincinnati platform and of all the pledges made by the Democratic party in 1854, 1855 and 1856, pledges in which the whole party, North and South, East and West united.

repealing the laws of the land enacted against it, and we earnestly desire that those laws may be rigidly enforced."

Mr. Adrain to show the position of the South in 1854 on the slavery question, caused to be read an extract from a speech delivered by A. H. Stephens, of Georgia, in the House of Representatives, February 17, 1854. Mr. Stephens was one of the ablest men in the South, as every one knows who has a knowledge of her public men and his subsequent connection with the Confederate Government, after the Secession Rebellion was inaugurated gives point and importance to his utterances upon the slavery question in 1854.

Two extracts from Mr. Stephens' speech:

"The doctrine of the South upon this question has been and is the doctrine of the Whigs in 1775 and 1776. It involves the principle that the citizens of every community should have a voice in the government. This was the doctrine of the people of Boston in 1775 when the response was made throughout the Colonies The cause

of Boston is the cause of all.' And if there be any here now who call themselves Whigs, arrayed against this great principle of Republican government, I will do towards them as Burke did in England. I will appeal from the new to the old Whigs.

"This, sir, is what is called the compromise of 1850, so far as this territorial question is concerned. It was adopted after the policy of dividing

territory between the two sections North and South, was wholly abandoned, discarded and spurned by the North. It was based upon the truly Republican and national policy of taking this disturbing element out of Congress, and leaving the whole question of slavery in the Territories to the people there to settle it for themselves. And it is in vindication of that new principle then established for the first time in the history of our Government, in the year 1850, the middle of the nineteenth century, that we, the friends of the Nebraska bill, whether from the North or the South, now call upon this House and the country, to carry out, in good faith and give effect to the spirit and intent of those important measures of territorial legislation."

At the conclusion of Mr. Adrian's speech Mr. John J. McRae obtained the floor and spoke at great length, but as his speech occupied the same ground on the slavery question no extracts will be made from it. The discussion continued from day to day, developing nothing new; but points of order and personal explanation were always in order. The Anti-Lecompton Democrats and Democratic Representatives from the South, and Americans, did most of the talking, but occasionally the leading Republicans, who were by experience familiar with parliamentry rules, to wit, Mr. Washburn of Maine, Mr. Grow of Pennsylvania, Mr. Stanton of Ohio, and Mr. Kellogg of Illinois and others engaged in the debate upon questions which anybody could

raise. Among the things that were extremely annoying to those who were anxious to organize the House, were personal explanations which are supposed always to be in order, even in an assemblage where no order prevails. A member would rise to a question of privilege and ask to be read from the clerk's desk a long article or some statement in a newspaper, published somewhere reflecting upon the conduct or action of the member, and then he, in extended remarks would vindicate his consistancy in relation to the subject matter contained in the article or communication and set himself right before his constituents and "the rest of mankind."

Almost every day during this long contest grists of these personal explanations were brought into the House to be ground and of course consuming much time and causing great delayunnecessary delay.

On January 12 and 13, 1860, much time had been consumed in explaining why members voted for certain persons for Speaker, and on the 13th, Mr. Davidson of Louisiana, filled four columns of the Globe in explaining why he voted for Mr. Maynard of Tennessee instead of the Democratic nominee Mr. Bocock. When he had finished Mr. Stevens of Pennsylvania arose, when

Mr. Hatton of Tennessee was on the floor and asked him to yield to him for a moment. Mr. Hatton said he would do so for a personal explanation. This attracted the attention of the whole House, for Mr. Stevens commanded respect, even from those who were bitterly opposed to him in politics. Mr. Stevens with great gravity said: "I rise to a personal matter. It is well known that I departed from the general rule of obeying party decrees and voted for an honorable man from North Carolina (Mr. Gilmer). This may require some explanation, as I see from the paper I send to the Clerk's desk to be read." The reading Clerk who seemed to be greatly nonplussed while he was examining the article, finally remarked: "The paper is printed in German and I cannot read it." Great laughter was the result of this announcement.

Mr. Stevens then said: "Then I postpone my remarks until the clerk can read it."

Mr. Stevens then hobbled up (for he was lame with a club foot) the aisle towards the cloak-room saying in a low tone but which could be heard by those near him "that a man could not get justice in this House on account of the ignorance of the reading Clerk." The extract marked was an advertisement for butter.

"The time was when phthisis was practically unknown in Madeira, in Naples, in Malta, along the Rivera and the Upper Nile. Consumptives flocked there in crowds, and now, in all these districts, the native population succumbs to the disease in quite as large proportion as elsewhere."

This statement, made by the editor of the Medical and Surgical Reporter is no doubt correct, for it accords perfectly with the history of health-resorts in our own country.

In America, such places have been, as a rule, situated in newly or sparselysettled districts, and it is with density of population therein that phthisis has become endemic.

These resorts have been in the warm latitudes and in the cold latitudes, in the lowlands and in the uplands, in damp and in dry regions; hence temperature, altitude and humidity, alone or collectively, could not have afforded wholly the conditions for the non-existance of indigenous phthisis in these places during the early days of their habitation, nor could they have caused it to become endemic as the population increased.

Furthermore it has been a noticeable fact that the health-resorts in America have, after a time, lost much of their reputation for the relief of phthisis, and

that new fields are constantly opening which receive the flow of this class of invalids.

One reason for such changes is probably the intractable nature of the disease, which ultimately consigns the greater number of those who have it to the grave, no matter where they seek relief.

The older sanitariums must necessarily report a larger number of fatal cases than the new ones. Every death occurring at one of these places is reported to home friends of the deceased, and it influences others who are phthisically inclined, and who learn of it, to search for a place without such a record.

I know of no disease that is so susceptible to the influence of organic matter in the atmosphere as phthisis pulmonaris. That form of organic matter which arises from insanation appears to be the most harmful; whether it be germinal, or chemical, is of little consequence. Only those who have lived in an atmosphere nearly free from this substance; and have observed the power that such air exerts in controlling the progress of the disease and the consequent gain in flesh and strength, and, on the contrary, the ill effects of polluted air in hastening a fatal termination in the same case, or in similar

cases, can fully appreciate the differ

ence.

Whenever it is generally known that any country offers a chance for relief of pulmonary affections, invalids with these disorders flock thither as the

locusts go. The quiet and cleanly town, that had diservedly gained a reputation for healthfulness, in which the waste and deleterious matter, being employed by the husbandman and dispersed by the purity of the atmosphere, was powerless for harm, being suddenly overcrowded, will, as a consequence, have accumulations of filth beyond the power of the primitave methods used for its removal, and the place that once afforded benefit for the invalid, now furnishes poisonous air for his destruction.

Whenever in this western country the purity of the atmospere causes fresh meat to dry at any season of the year without taint, and where the carcasses of animals mummify before any considerable portion is destroyed by putrefaction, the phthisical sufferer will improve or get well if his physical condition comes within the range of such possibilities. In portions of this country where the population is dense, where irrigation is employed, and sanitary rules have been but carelessly enforced, this atmospheric condition does not exist.

A high altitude should not be sought by those who have much dyspnoea and a rapid pulse, nor by those who have had severe hemorrages, though those of the latter type soon learn to bear the great heights better than any other

class of phthisical invalids. Only those in the incipent stages, or those in more advanced stages with whom the progress of the disease is very slow, should go into dry and elevated regions.

In Colorado the plains offer the most desirable locations for a sojourn at first; then the foothills may be cautiously entered; they are covered with pines and firs, which give aromatic freshness to the air and protection from the severe winds. If these heights are borne well, the parks and other portions of the mountains may be explored.

Whilst the temperature of climate has, in my opinion, no direct effect upon the course of the disease, it however, indirectly exerts a great influence thereupon for good by admitting, if it be temperate, of better ventilation, and by inducing a more thorough outdoor life than a rigorous climate allows. The same medium, with regard to heat also should be chosen, as a place cool enough to admit of healthful exercise in the summer, with nights of restful and refreshing temperature, are far more conducive to the renewal of strength than one in which the temmakes nothing so

perature by day agreeable as the dolce far niente, and that of the night is only enervating and wearying.

Believing that phthisis pulmonalis is, in the great majority of cases, the product of insanatation, and that medication affords no permanent relief without abundance of pure air, good water, wholesome diet and other hygenic necessities, I am prepared to recom