109. I. 267. cui cognomen Iulo additur.

Observe that, in this example, the dative Iulo is attracted from a nominative apposition with cognomen to a dative apposition with the person, cui. H. 430, 1 (387, n. 1); M. 212, n. 2; A. 231, b; G. 349, 5; B. 190, 1.

Observe that, in the above examples, the accusative is used as the direct object of a transitive verb. H. 404 (371); M. 184; A. 237; G. 328: 330; B. 172.

Observe in the above examples that the accusative is related in thought to the action expressed in the verb. This is called the cognate accusative. H. 409 (371, II.); M. 190; A. 238; G. 333, 2; B. 176, 4.

Observe that each of the above verbs takes two accusatives; that in 112

these accusatives are a direct object of person or thing, and an accusative,

either noun or adjective predicated of the direct object. Observe in 113 that the two accusatives are a direct object of person and a secondary object of thing. Note in each case the verbs used. H. 410-11 (373-4); M. 191–2; A. 239, 1 and 2; G. 339-40; B. 178.

114. I. 228. oculos suffusa.

320. nuda genu.

589. os umerosque similis. II. 221. perfusus vittas.

Observe that the above accusatives adjectives with which they are used. H. 416 (378); M. 198; A. 240, c; G. 115. I. 320. sinus collecta.

481. tunsae pectora.
561. vultum demissa.

579. animum arrecti.
658. faciem mutatus.

II. 721. umeros insternor pelle.

III. 47. mentem pressus.

594. cetera Graius. IV. 558. omnia similis.

644. interfusa genas.

specify the application of the verbs or This is a poetic use of the accusative. 338; B. 180.

III. 65. crinem solutae.
81. reditimus tempora.
405. velare comas.

IV. 518. unum exuta pedem.

589. pectus percussa.
590. abscissa comas.

accusative may be regarded as the
Thus, "tunsae pectora,” “beating

Observe that, in the above examples, the direct object of a verb in the middle voice. themselves their breasts," i. e. beating their breasts. H. 407 (378); M. 188;

A. 240, c, N.; G. 338, n. 2; B. 175, d.

116. I. 407. quid natum ludis?

745. quid properent soles.

II. 664. hoc erat, quod me eripis?

693, intonuit laevum (cf. 111).

776. quid iuvat?

V. 688. si quid pietas labores respicit.

Observe that, in the above examples, the accusative is used adverbially. H. 416, 2 (378, 2); M. 195: 198; A. 240, a; G. 338, 2; B. 185.

117. I. 47. tot annos bella gero; but cf.

31. multos per annos erra-
bant.

272. centum regnabitur annos.
683. noctem non amplius unam

falle. [H. 471, 4 (417, N.

2); M. 229, 3; A. 247, 3; G.
296, 4; B. 217, 3.]

II. 126. bis quinos silet dies.
III. 203. tres soles erramus.

583. noctem illam monstra perferi

mus.

Observe that, in the above examples, the accusative expresses duration of time. II. 417 (379); M. 197; A. 256, 2; G. 335; B. 181.

118. I. 10. volvere virum impulerit.

17. hoc regnum esse tendit.
19. progeniem duci audierat.

21. populum venturum (esse).

22. volvere Parcas.
37. me desistere nec posse?

III. 461. liceat te moneri.

Observe that the above accusatives are used as subjects of infinitives. But cf. 167. H. 415 (536); M. 266; A. 240, f; G. 343, 2; B. 184.

Cf. II. 786. non servitum ibo, and observe that the supine in um denoting purpose expresses the limit of motion.

Observe that the above accusatives are used with verbs of motion, and denote the limit or end of that motion. Observe in 119 that the accusative is used with a preposition; in 120 that the accusative is used alone, and is the name of a town or small island, and the word domum; and in 121 that other words than those found in 120 are used in the same way, a poetic use.

From all the above examples, formulate a principle for the expression of limit of motion. H. 418-19 (380, 1. and II.); M. 199; A. 258, b, and N. 5; G. 337, and N. 1; B. 182.

122. I. 4. ob iram.

13. Italiam contra.

24. ad Troiam.

31. multos per annos.

32. maria omnia circum.
34. in altum.

59. per auras.

64. ad quem.

95. ante ora.

191. nemora inter frondea.

218. spemque metumque inter.
296. post tergum.

379. super aethera notus.
II. 33. duci intra muros.

71. apud Danaos.

466. super agmina incidit.
III. 599. per sidera testor.
IV. 513. messae ad lunam.

Observe from the above examples that the accusatives are used with certain prepositions. Note these prepositions, and for complete list cf. H. 420, 2 and 3 (433: 435); M. 258, 1 and 4; A. 152, a and c; G. 416: 418; B. 141: 143.

123. Accusative and Genitive. H. 457 (409, 111.); M. 229; A. 221, b; G. 377 ; B. 209.

124. VI. 21. miserum!

Observe that, in this example, the accusative is used in an exclamation. H. 421 (381); M. 200; A. 240, d; G. 343, 1; B. 183.

125. VI. 363. quod te per lumen oro. 458. per sidera iuro.

324. Di cuius iurare timent et fallere numen.

351. maria aspera iuro (poetic).

Observe from the above examples two ways in which oaths are expressed.

126. II. 275. exuvias indutus (= induere

sibi).

392. insigne decorum induitur
(= induit sibi).

510. ferrum cingitur (= sibi
cingit).

510. arma circumdat umeris.

520. cingi (= cingere te) telis. IV. 137. chlamydem circumdata (= circumdare sibi).

V. 282. Sergestum munere donat.

674. qua indutus (= se induerat).

Observe that, in the above, are used a dative of person and accusative of thing, or an accusative of person and ablative of thing. H. 426, 6 (384, 11., 2) ; M. 203; A. 225, d; G. 348; B. 187, 1., a.

Observe that, in all the above examples, the ablative is used to express the place from which, with verbs of motion. Observe, further, that this place from which is expressed in 127 by the ablative and a preposition of source [H. 461 (412, 1.); M. 233, 1; A. 258; G. 390, 1; B. 229]; in 128 by the ablative alone, and note the words so used in the ablative [H. 462 (412, 11.); M. 233, 2; A. 258, a ; G. 391; B. 229, 1]; in 129 by the ablative alone, and note the class of words so used in the ablative, a poetic use [H. 466 (412, 11., 2); M. 233, n. 2; A. 258, a, N. 3; G. 391, N.]; in 130 by the ablative alone, and observe that the verbs with which these ablatives are used are compounded with certain prepositions of source, and that these compound verbs are used in a derived, not literal place meaning [II. 461: 462, 1: 467 (413, N. 2 and 3); M. 234: 236, N. 1; A. 243, b: 244, 1; G. 390, 2, N. 1-3; B. 214: 215: 229].

131. I. 300. finibus arceret.

385. Asia pulsus.

540. hospitio prohibemur. But cf. 525, prohibe a navibus. 562. solvite corde metum. II. 44. carere dolis.

85. cassum lumine.

521. non tali auxilio eget.
III. 123. hoste vacare domos.
IV. 355. quem regno fraudo.
V. 224. spoliata magistro.
VI. 261. animis opus (est).

Observe that the above ablatives denote that from which one is separated, or of which one is deprived. H. 462–5: 477, 111. (414, 1.–1v.); M. 236: 237 : 252; A. 243, a, e; G. 390, 2: 406; B. 214: 218, 2.

Observe that, in the above examples, the ablatives denote source or place from which with verbs not of motion, either with or without a preposition. H. 467 469 (415 and 11.); M. 234; A. 244, and 2, a; G. 395; B. 215.

134. III. 28. atro sanguine guttae.

84. templa sazo structa vetusto.

286. aere cavo clipeum.

304. viridi quem caespite.

IV. 138. pharetra ex auro.

457. de marmore templum.
V. 129. frondenti ex ilice metam.
266. ex aere lebetas.

Observe that, in the above examples, the ablative denotes the material of which anything consists, or out of which anything is made. H. 470 (415, III.); M. 235; A. 244, 2, N. 1 and 2; G. 396.

135. III. 623. duo de numero.

V. 644. una e multis.

Observe in these two examples that the partitive idea usually denoted by the genitive is here expressed by the ablative and a preposition. Note the preposition. How does this use differ from the partitive genitive? (q. v.) H. 444 (397, N. 3); M. 225, n. 2; A. 216, c; G. 372, R. 2; B. 201, 1, a.

136. I. 2. fato profugus.

4. iactatus vi superum.
10. insignem pietate.
102. stridens Aquilone.
190. capita alta cornibus.
208. curis aeger.
275. tegmine laetus.

335. tali me dignor honore.

349. caecus amore.

417. ture calent.

514. percussus laetitia.

613. obstipuit aspectu.
637. regali splendida luxu.
669. nostro doluisti dolore.