127 WORDS THAT JOIN BY SHOWING RELATION. THAT his back quickly when he thinks Hardy has ridden enough, but Hardy rides so well he is seldom thrown. Another time Hardy and his two sisters, Agnes and Kate, all climbed upon Aures. You may be sure that the crusty little donkey felt angry at so heavy a load. He trotted sullenly down the road to the river and when he reached the water he waded in a little way, put his head down quickly and let the children all slide into the stream. Agnes, who was up first, said that she could see a smile of triumph on his face as he started for home. The children, who are used to the water, laughed heartily and thought it a fine joke. Aures carries loads of wood from the hills, and bags of clover to the cows. He and Hardy are great friends and are seldom apart. The little boys who live near Hardy think him a lucky boy and are always happy when Hardy lets them ride. LESSON 23. WORDS THAT JOIN BY SHOWING RELATION. 1. The book on the desk is torn. 2. The book in the desk is torn. 3. The book under the desk is torn. 4. The book by the desk is torn. In sentence one, what word joins the noun desk to the noun book by showing the position of the book in regard to the desk? What word in sentence two joins the noun desk to the noun book by showing a relation of position? What two words are joined in sentence three by the word under? How does this word join' them? In sentence four, find the word that joins. What does this word join? How does it join them? In the following sentences select the words that join by showing relation: 1. Amos went with his mother. 2. The Peruvians used dishes of gold. 3. Alaska belongs to the United States. 4. Coffee comes from Brazil. 5. The ship sailed across the Pacific. 6. Putnam fought for his country. 7. A picture is a poem without words. SUMMARY. Memorize : Words that join other words by showing a relation between them are called PREPOSITIONS. LESSON 24. Write sentences, using one of the following prepositions correctly in each: 10. God hides some ideal every human soul. 11. Envy looks a microscope. 12. A good laugh is sunshine a house. EMOTION WORDS. LESSON 25. EMOTION WORDS. 1. Hurrah! march on to victory! 2. Pshaw! I have studied the wrong lesson! 3. Alas! has our last hope fled! 129 What words in the foregoing sentences express very strong feeling? Which word expresses a feeling of joy? Which expresses disgust? What kind of feeling does the word alas express? [NOTICE the marks after each word expressing strong emotion, and also the mark at the end of each sentence.] SUMMARY. Memorize : Words used to express strong emotion are called INTERJECTIONS. An interjection is usually followed by an exclamation point. A whole sentence, expressing strong emotion, often ends with an exclamation point. Use each of the following interjections in a sentence expressing the emotion indicated: oh (sorrow) indeed (wonder) bravo (approval) heigh-ho (weariness) halloo (attention) fie (contempt) LESSON 26. HARDY AND HIS DONKEY. Hardy lives in the mountains of California near a beautiful river of clear water. Hardy has a donkey that he calls Aures and upon this donkey he rides everywhere over the hills. Sometimes Aures is cross and then he does some strange things. One day Hardy was riding after the cows and they came to a mountain that was very steep. Aures does not like steep mountains, so when he saw it he stopped, stiffened his legs, and stood still. Hardy coaxed him in every way, but the stubborn fellow only switched his tail as if he were saying "You must climb that hill alone." Hardy left him and when he returned Aures was waiting for him. Hardy gives Aures a lump of sugar when he has been good, but after this naughty prank he received no sugar for many days. Aures often puts his feet together and humps his back quickly when he thinks Hardy has ridden enough, but Hardy rides so well he is seldom thrown. Another time Hardy and his two sisters, Agnes and Kate, all climbed upon Aures. You may be sure that the crusty little donkey felt angry at so heavy a load. He trotted sullenly down the road to the river and when he reached the water he waded in a little way, put his head down quickly and let the children all slide into the stream. Agnes, who was up first, said that she could see a smile of triumph on his face as he started for home. The children, who are used to the water, laughed heartily and thought it a fine joke. Aures carries loads of wood from the hills, and bags of clover to the cows. He and Hardy are great friends and are seldom apart. The little boys who live near Hardy think him a lucky boy and are always happy when Hardy lets them ride. Classify all of the parts of speech in the foregoing story, according to the following model: Words that stand for nouns are called Pronouns. Words that state, ask, or command (assert), are called Verbs. Words that describe or limit nouns are called Adjectives. Words joined to verbs to show how, where, or when, are called Adverbs. Adverbs are joined also to adjectives and adverbs to modify their meaning. Words used to join words, sentences, or parts of sentences, are called Conjunctions. Words that join other words by showing a relation between them are called Prepositions. Words used to express very strong emotion are called Interjections. LESSON 28. Classify the parts of speech in the sentences below, according to the following MODEL: You may win by perseverance, and by very patient industry. noun. You stands for a noun, and is therefore a pronoun. May win asserts something of you, and is therefore a verb. By connects the noun perseverance to the verb may win, by showing relation, and is therefore a preposition. Perseverance is a name, and is therefore a And connects the phrase by perseverance to the phrase by very patient industry, and is therefore a conjunction. By connects the noun industry to the verb may win, by showing relation, and is therefore a preposition. Very modifies the adjective patient, and is therefore an adverb. Patient describes the noun industry, and is therefore an adjective. Industry is a name, and is therefore a noun. 1. William of Normandy conquered Britain. |