MILITARY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS, DISTRICTS, AND DEPARTMENTS.

1. Division of the Missouri. The Departments of Dakota, of the Missouri, and of the Platte; headquarters at St. Louis, Missouri.

2. Division of the Pacific. The Departments of California and of the Columbia; headquarters at San Francisco, California.

3. Division of the Atlantic. The Departments of the East, of Washington, and of the Lakes; headquarters at Washington, D. C.

4. First Military District. The State of Virginia; headquarters at Richmond, Virginia.

5. Fourth Military District. The State of Mississippi; headquarters at Vicksburg, Mississippi.

6. Fifth Military District. The State of Texas; headquarters at Austin, Texas.

7. Department of the East. The New England States, the States of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and the Post of Fort Delaware, Delaware; headquarters at New York City.

8. Department of the Lakes. The States of Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana, except the Post of Jeffersonville, Indiana; headquarters at Detroit, Michigan.

9. Department of the Cumberland. The States of Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and the Post of Jeffersonville, Indiana; headquarters at Louisville, Kentucky.

10. Department of the Missouri. The States of Missouri and Kansas, the Indian Territory, and the Territories of Colorado and New Mexico, except the Posts of Forts Morgan and Sedgwick, C. T., and the stage road from Fort Sedgwick to Denver, C. T.; headquarters at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

11. Department of the Platte. The States of Iowa and Nebraska, the Territory of Utah, the Territory of Wyoming, so much of the Territory of Montana as lies contiguous to the new road from Fort Laramie, D. T., to Virginia City, M. T., the Posts of Forts Morgan and Sedgwick, C. T., and the stage road from Fort Sedgwick to Denver, C. T.; headquarters at Omaha, Nebraska.

12. Department of Dakota. The State of Minnesota, the Territory of Dakota, and the Territory of Montana, except so much as lies contiguous to the new road from Fort Laramie, D. T., to Virginia City, M. T.; headquar ters at St. Paul, Minnesota.

13. Department of California. The States of California and Nevada, and the Territory of Arizona; headquarters at San Francisco, California.

14. Department of the Columbia. The State of Oregon, and the Territories of Washington and Idaho; headquarters at Portland, Oregon.

15. Department of Washington. The States of Maryland and Delaware, except the Post of Fort Delaware, Delaware, and the District of Columbia; headquarters at Washington, D. C.

16. Department of the South. The States of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama; headquarters at Atlanta, Georgia.

17. Department of Louisiana.

The States of Louisiana and Arkansas;

headquarters at New Orleans, Louisiana.

18. Department of Alaska. Territory of Alaska; headquarters at Sitka, Alaska Territory. (Belongs to the Division of the Pacific).

FREEDMEN'S BUREAU.

The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands was estab lished March 3, 1865, and attached to the War Department. By its terms the law was limited to one year after the close of the rebellion. On the 16th of July, A. D. 1866, the law was amended and continued in force for two years, and again on the 25th of July, 1868, an act was passed continuing the educational department of the Bureau, and the collections and payments of money due soldiers and sailors or their heirs, until otherwise ordered by Congress, but the other operations of the bureau were to be withdrawn from the reconstructed states on the 1st of January, 1869.

Major General O. O. Howard, was appointed Commissioner of the Bureau on the 12th of May, 1865, and entered upon his duties on the 15th. Ten Assistant Commissioners were appointed in the different states embraced under the Bureau; with one exception, these were officers in the army who were changed from time to time as changes were made in the different military departments.

The Bureau was organized with four departments embracing that of Lands, Records, Financial Affairs, and the Medical Department. The Claim Division was subsequently organized under the head of the land department.

The Bureau at first had supervision of farming property only, but the orders issued under the act by the President on the 2d of July, 1865, and by the Secretary of the Treasury soon after, placed the Bureau in charge of all real property which had been abandoned, captured, or confiscated, including building lots in cities and towns as well as plantations and farms.

As soon as possible after its organization, the land division proceeded to ascertain as accurately as possible the amount and character of the property committed to its charge.

By act of Congress approved June 21, 1866, all the public lands in the states of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Florida were opened for entry by colored and white men without distinction, in half-quarter sections, or 80 acre lots. The officers and agents of the Bureau have been directed to instruct freedmen respecting the location and value of these public lands, and the mode of procedure in order to obtain possession of them. By order of assistant commissioners, surveys have been made and some assistance given in transporting families to their new homes. In February of 1868, 450 entries had been made by freedmen. Nearly 3,000 families have acquired homes in Florida, and great benefits have resulted from their settlement on these public lands.

Though less progress has been made in other states many freedmen have secured lands in Mississippi, Arkansas and Louisiana.

When the Bureau was established, no appropriation was made for its support. There were however in the several states, funds to a limited amount

derived from various sources which properly come under the control of the Bureau officers. The whole amount received from these sources from January 1, 1865, to January 1, 1868, or three years, was $1,605,694.19; the whole amount expended was $1,544,092.80, leaving in hands of disbursing officers January 1, 1868, $61,601.39.

Congress has made two appropriations for the support of this Bureau, as follows:

Buildings for schools and asylums, (including construction, rental and repairs........558,914.91

The Bureau has received from the hands of Superintendents of negro affairs and other officers a portion of the state bounties of certain colored soldiers amounting to $112,396.44, of which $77,288.96 had been paid back January 1, 1868.

The resolution of Congress of March 29, 1867, provided that certain checks and treasury certificates issued in settlement of claims due colored soldiers or sailors who had resided in slave states should be made payable to the Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau. From April 17, 1867, to January 1, 1868, 7,362 certificates and checks had been received, amounting to $1,536,024.35, of which 5,892 amounting to $950,822.89 had been paid.

The bureau for some time after its organization afforded relief to the destitute of all classes in the southern states, but the number thus relieved has gradually diminished. In September, 1865, it was 74,951; in September, 1866, 29,819; and in September, 1867, 11,658. In addition to the regular relief furnished, Congress in March, 1867, authorized a general issue of provisions "to prevent starvation and extreme want in those southern and southwestern states, where a failure of the crops and other causes have occasioned wide-spread destitution." Under this act, corn and meat were dis

tributed to 58,343 persons daily for a period of four months, at a cost of $2 each per month.

A surprising thirst for knowledge on the part of the colored people was discovered soon after the National forces entered the southern states, and provision was made for their instruction as early as 1861. After the organization of the Bureau, schools were taken in charge and, in some states, carried on entirely by aid of its funds and under its supervision. In September, 1865, J. W. Alvord, the present General Superintendent, was appointed inspector of schools. He traveled through most of the Southern States, examining the condition of the freedmen, and providing for the establishment and supervision of schools. Various benevolent societies co-operated with the Commissioner and Superintendent in establishing schools and providing teachers. The act of Congress of July 16, 1866, continuing the bureau appropriated $521,000 for school purposes, the bill also provided for the sale or lease of property formerly belonging to the so called confederate states and the use of the avails for school purposes. After the passage of this act, the schools assumed a more enlarged and permanent character. During the progress of the war, medical aid was frequently required by colored refugees, which was supplied by the medical department of the army. Upon the organization of the Bureau, the care and management of this class of the helpless sick devolved upon it, and stores, medicines, &c., were supplied by its medical division.

Land Department. Whole number of acres reported in possession of the Bureau from Its organization to December 31, 1867, 636,389. Whole number restored, 400,517. Number of pieces of town property in possession, 4,238; number restored, 3,375. Number of acres in possession Dec. 31, 1867, 235,872. Number of pieces of town property Dec. 31, 1867, 863. Statistics of Schools for Freedmen. January 1, 1866, the whole number of colored schools was 740; teachers of these schools, 1,314; pupils, 90,589. For the six months ending January 1, 1868, there were reported 1,486 day or night schools with 1,744 teachers, and 81,878 pupils; T2 sabbath schools with 2,105 teachers, and 57,177 pupils; and 39 industrial schools with 1,603 pupils.

Of the above, 25 are high or normal schools. There are also within knowledge of the super. intendent, but not regularly reported, 389 day or night schools with 458 teachers and 18,589 pupils; and 389 sabbath schools, with 2,185 teachers and 30,270 pupils. Schools of all kinds, 2084; teachers, 6,492; pupils, 189,517. Of the whole number of schools, 1000 are sustained wholly or in part by the freedmen, and they own 364 of the buildings used for school purposes. Number of day and night schools, for six months ending July 1, 1868, 1,831; teachers, 2,291; pupils, 164.327; average attendance, 78,402, or over 75 per cent. Tuition was paid by 32,675 pupils, amounting to $95,860.84. Number of Sabbath schools, 1,009; teachers in same, 4,738; pupils, 89.466. Number of industrial schools, 46; pupils, 1,873.

The bureau expended for rents, repairs and construction of school buildings during the previous six months, $361,205.48; and for other educational purposes during the same period, $97.201.67; making a total of $458,407.15. The whole amount expended for the support of the above schools by all parties during the last half year has been $571,446.11. As showing the advancement of pupils, 21,032 are studying geography, 31,539 arithmetic, 30,567 are in writing, and 4,675 are in the higher branches. The whole amount expended for all school purposes from the commencement of the bureau to January 1, 1867, was $1,066,394.28.

Medical Department. The whole number of freedmen and refugees treated from the organization of the bureau, to December 31, 1867, was 388,516 freedmen, of whom 19,257 died; 19,722 refugees, of whom 677 died. Greatest number of hospitals existing at any one time, 48; number in operation in 1868, 25; number discontinued during year ending December 31, 1867, 29; largest number of medical officers at a given time, (September, 1866), 118; number employed In 1888, 84; greatest number of hospital attendants, stewards, &c., 430; number of attendants employed in 1868, 317.

NAVY DEPARTMENT.

Secretary's Office. The Secretary of the Navy has charge of every thing connected with the naval establishment, and the execution of all laws relating thereto under the general direction of the President. All instructions to commanders of squadrons, and commanders of vessels; all orders to officers; commissions of officers, both in the navy and marine corps; appointments of commissioned and warrant officers, and orders for the enlistment and discharge of seamen, emanate from the Secretary's office. All the du ties of the different bureaus are performed under the authority of the Secretary, and their orders are considered as emanating from him. He has a general superintendence of the marine corps, and all the orders of the commandant of that corps are approved by him.

The Bureau of Navy Yards and Docks has charge of all the navy yards, docks and wharves, buildings and machinery in navy yards, and every thing immediately connected with them. It is also charged with the management of the Naval Asylum.

The Bureau of Navigation has charge of the Naval Observatory and Hydrographical Office. It furnishes vessels with maps, charts, chronometers, &c., together with such books as are allowed to ships of war. The Naval Acadamy, Naval Observatory, and Nautical Almanac are attached to this bureau.

The Bureau of Ordnance has charge of all ordnance and ordnance stores, the manufacture or purchase of cannon, guns, powder, shot, shells, &c., and the equipment of vessels of war, with every thing connected therewith.

The Bureau of Construction and Repair has charge of the building and repairs of all vessels of war, and purchase of material.

The Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting has charge of providing all vessels with their equipments, as sails, anchors, water tanks, &c.; also, charge of the recruiting service.

The Bureau of Steam Engineering has charge of the construction, repair, &c., of the machinery of steam vessels of war. The Engineer-in-Chief superintends the construction of all marine steam engines for the navy, and, with the approval of the Secretary, decides upon plans for their construction.

The Bureau of Provisions and Clothing contracts for all provisions and clothing for the use of the navy.

The Bureau of Medicine and Surgery manages every thing relating to medicine and medical stores, treatment of sick and wounded, and management of hospitals.

CHIEF OFFICERS IN NAVY DEPARTMENT.