UNITED STATES COURTS.

Circuit Judge, David Davis. District Judge, Andrew G. Miller. District Attorney, J. B. D. Coggswell. Marshal, Cassius Fairchild. Clerk of Circuit and District Courts, J. M. Miller.

SUPREME Court.

Chief Justice, Luther S. Dixon, Portage City. Associate Justices, Orsamus Cole, Madison; Byron Paine, Milwaukee. Clerk, La Fayette Kellogg, Madison. Reporter, O. M. Conover, Madison. Salary of Justices, $4,000 each.

CIRCUIT COURTS.

1st Circuit, William P. Lyon, Racine; 2d Circuit, Arthur McArthur, Milwaukee; 3d Circuit, David J. Pulling, Fox Lake; 4th Circuit, David Taylor, Sheboygan; 5th Circuit, Joseph T. Mills, Lancaster; 6th Circuit, Edwin Flint, La Crosse; 7th Circuit, George W. Cate, Steven's Point; 8th Circuit, H. L. Humphrey, Hudson; 9th Circuit, Alva Stewart, Portage City; 10th Circuit, G. W. Washburn, Oshkosh; 11th Circuit, Solon H. Clough, Osceola Mills. Salary of Judges, $2,500 each.

TERMS OF SUPREME COURT.

The Supreme Court holds two regular terms in each year at Madison, commencing on the first Tuesday in February and on the second Tuesday in September, in each and every year.

FINANCES.

Balance in the General Fund at commencement of fiscal year,
Receipts into the General Fund from all sources,

Disbursements,

Leaving an available balance, Sept. 30, 1867, of

$165,710.84

669,417.11

$835,127.95

826,534.72

$8,593.23

The different items of receipts and disbursements of the general fund during the fiscal year ending September 30, 1867, were as follows:

The estimated expenditures from October 1, 1867, to January 1, 1869, were $857,138, and the estimated revenue for the same period, $973,056.

EDUCATION.

This State has made liberal provisions for elementary and higher education. The State University gives evidence of renewed life and vigor, and is receiving the confidence of the people. The total productive fund belonging to the University is $215,298.83. The receipts of the income fund for the last fiscal year amounted to $18,338.24. This institution embraces the following departments: A College of Letters, a College of Arts, a Preparatory Department, and a Female Department. In the College of Letters, the course of instruction in Languages, Literature and Science is intended to be equal to that of the best colleges in the country. The college of Arts, which is the agricultural and scientific College of the State, is so organized that it can be expanded indefinitely, until each course of study becomes so prominent as to take its place as a distinct school or college. The Preparatory Department is designed mainly for the preparation of young men for the College classes. The Department for young ladies under the re-organization, really constitutes a distinct college, in which they are admitted to all the advantages of University education. An experimental farm, comprising 195 acres has been secured, which, with the land before belonging to the institution, forms a tract of 235 acres.

The public schools are under the supervision of a State Superintendent of Public Instruction, elected by the people. Local supervision is under the charge of county and city superintendents.

In 1865, the Legislature passed an act to dispose of the swamp and overflowed lands, and appropriated the proceeds to the Normal School Fund. In 1867, this fund amounted to over $600,000 invested and paying seven per cent. interest. When the lands are all sold and the avails added to the fund, it is supposed that the amount will be increased to $1,500,000.

The Normal School at Platteville was opened October 9, 1866. Normal Schools have also been located at Whitewater, Stoughton, Oshkosh, and Sheboygan. There were 42 teachers' institutes held in 1867, with an attendance of 1,604 teachers.

Public Schools. Whole number of districts in the State, 3,770; parts of districts, 1,895. Number of children over 4 and under 20 years of age-in the State, 371,083; in districts maintaining school 5 or more months, 330,263; who have attended school, 233,576; number of different pupils who have attended public schools during the year, 239,945. Number of schools-with two departments, 254; with three or more departments, 103; number of teachers required for the schools, 5,059; number of different teachers employed during the year, 8,357. Average wages of teachers-males, $40.76, females, $26.34; number of schools visited by County Superintendents, 4,223; number of public school-houses in the State, 4,565; number of pupils accommodated, 259,284; number of sites-containing less than 1 acre, 3,621; well enclosed, 903; number of school-houses built of stone or brick, 451; with outhouses in good condition, 1,867; cash value of school-houses, $2,189,159; of sites, $333,567; total, $2,522,726. Money on hand, August 31, 1866, $209,128; from taxes levied-for building and repairing, $338,034; teachers' salaries, $725,464; apparatus and library, $11,758; appropriated at annual town meeting, $91,140; by county supervisors, $163,622; from income of school fund, $158,518; receipts from all other sources, $163,260; total receipts, 1867, $1,860,924. Expenditures-for building and repairing school-houses, $349,594; apparatus and library, $5,117; services of teachers-male, $331,911, female, $592,778; old indebtedness, $63,540; furniture, registers and records, $22,128; all other purposes, $156,344; total, 1867, $1,521,412. Amount on hand (estimated), Aug. 1, 1867, $339,512; total money on hand and expenditures, $1,860,924.

The productive educational trust funds of the State were, on Sept. 30, 1867, as follows: Common School Fund, $2,096,307.60; University Fund, $193,884.88; Normal School Fund, $602,791.92; Agricultural College Fund, $18,417; total, $2,911,401.40. Land belonging to the funds unsoldSchool Fund, 413,897 acres; Normal School Fund, 480,520 acres; Agricultural College Fund, 233,556 acres; total, 1,127,973 acres.

Private Schools. Whole number, 386; number of teachers, 571; of pupils registered, 18,403. Number of academies, 9; of students in 1868, 1,495. Cash value of land, $18,000; of buildings, $114,800; amount of tuition, $15,232; of other income, $1,687.

Colleges. Number reported, 7; number of members of faculties, 58; number graduates, 394; graduates at last commencement, 69; number of students in senior classes, 51; in junior classes, 66; in sophomore, 130; in freshmen, 137; in preparatory departments, 1,031; number of acres owned by the institutions, 344,447; cash value-of lands, $879,019; of buildings, $346,500; amount of endowment funds except real estate, $399,849; of income from tuition, $71,856; from other sources, $32,287.

CHARITABLE AND PENAL INSTITUTIONS.

This State has established institutions for the education and support of the unfortunate, on an ample scale, and is maintaining them with a liberal spirit. These institutions are all reported in good condition, reflecting credit on those who manage them, and on the State by whose munificence they are sustained.

The Hospital for the Insane, situated on one of the lakes at Madison, has a farm connected with it, worked principally by the less afflicted of the inmates, which yields an annual profit of $6,000. Two wings have been added to the building since 1866, rendering the institution adequate to the care of about 350 patients. There are about 700 insane in the State needing care and treatment.

The Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, at Delavan, has ample buildings and work-shops which have been recently erected. It is the intention of the trustees, to render the institution self-supporting, as far as practicable. All the scholars are required to labor a portion of each day; the girls perform the lighter kinds of housework and various kinds of needlework; and the boys are employed at various trades, the necessary work about the institution, and in the cultivation of the farm and garden.

The original building of the Institution for the education of the Blind being unsafe, has been removed, and new rooms prepared for the accommodation of the pupils. The school has three departments, the literary, the industrial, and the musical. The aim is to give each pupil a thorough knowledge of the rudiments of a good English education, and those who are capable, take up also the branches of English studies usually attended to in good academies and high schools. In the industrial department, the boys of suitable age and strength are taught broom-making. The younger boys and girls work a portion of every day at bead-work. The older girls sew and knit, and do various kinds of fancy work.

The enlargements and improvements made in all these institutions within the last three years, have added much to the comfort of the classes for whom they were established. All are open to citizens of the State, free of expense.

The Soldiers' Orphans' Home is filled to its utmost capacity, there being an average of about two hundred and eighty children, and there are many applicants for admission, who cannot be received for want of room.

In the State Reform School, the change from the congregated to the family system has produced a manifest improvement. New buildings have been completed which answer admirably the purposes of their erection. The inmates can now be divided, arranged and classified with reference to their fitness for association together, thus ensuring success in their reformation, when success is attainable.

The State Prison is situated at Waupun, and has been pronounced one of the finest in the United States. The buildings have been extended by the erection of another wing; the whole work being done by convicts who never, before the wing was begun, had worked an hour at the trade. They were assisted and directed by one overseer only. The convicts are worked on account of the State, and their earnings will, if properly managed, be sufficient to pay all the expenses of the prison, after the buildings are completed, Wisconsin State Hospital for the Insane, Madison, Dr. A. H. VAN NOSTRAND, Superintendent. Number of patients, Oct. 1, 1866-males, 96, females, 84; total, 180. Admitted during the year-males, 55, females, 59; total, 114. Discharged-recovered, 49; improved, 33; unimproved, 22; died, 10; total, 114. Remaining in hospital, Oct. 1, 1867-males, 90, females, 90; total, 180. Wisconsin Institute for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, Delavan, H. W. MILLIGAN, A. M., M. D., Principal. Number of pupils in attendance during the year, 108. Wisconsin Institution for the Education of the Blind, Janesville, THOS. H. LITTLE, M. A., Superintendent. Whole number of pupils instructed during the year-males, 27, females, 27; total, 54.

Soldiers' Orphans' Home, Madison, F. B. BREWER, Superintendent. There have been admitted during the year commencing Oct. 1, 1866, 133 children. Whole number in the Home Oct. 1, 1867-males, 165, females, 110; total, 275. Age-4 years, 12; 5 years, 14; 6 years, 21; 7 years, 21; 8 years, 31; 9 years, 41; 10 years, 32; 11 years, 39; 12 years, 27; 13 years, 26; 14 years, 10; 15 years, 1; total, 275.

State Reform School, Waukesha, A. D. HENDRICKSON, Superintendent. Number in school Oct. 9, 1866-males, 118, females, 16; total, 134. Number committed and returned during the year-males, 72, females, 11; total, 83. Number discharged, 46; escaped, 16; total, 62. Remaining Oct. 9, 1867-males, 143, females, 12; total, 155. Cause of commitment-Larceny, 35; incorrigibility, 22; vagrancy, 10; miscellaneous, 5; total, 72. Age-10 years and under, 16; 11 years, 5; 12 years, 18; 13 years, 12; 14 years, 9; 15 years, 9; 16 years and upward, 3; total, 72. Parentage-American, 57; Irish 50; German, 38; English, 20; colored, 12; miscellaneous and unknown, 40; total, 217. Whole number of inmates since opening of school in 1860-males, 406, females, 66; total, 472.

State Prison, Waupun, H, CORDIER, State Prison Commissioner. Number of convicts in prison Oct. 1, 1866, 169; received during the year, 125. Discharged-by pardon, 16; expiration of sentence, 1; reduction of time, 71; total, 88. Remaining Oct. 1, 1867-males, 191, females, 15; total, 206. Nativity-United States, 71; Germany, 23; Ireland, 8; Canada, 6; other foreign countries, 17; total, 125. Cause of commitment-larceny, 75; burglary, 10; assault, 8; forgery, 5; arson, 4; miscellaneous, 23; total, 125. Whole number of prisoners since organization, 1,224. Under 12 years of age, 3; from 12 to 20, 228; 20 to 30, 533; 30 to 40, 259; 40 to 50, 125; 50 to 60, 59; 60 to 70, 14; 70 to 80, 3; total, 1,224. There have been discharged-on expiration of sentences, 343; pardon, 277; writ of habeas corpus, 9; by order of Supreme Court, 7; removed to insane asylum, 2; by death, 11; by suicide, 2; by order of the War Department, 1; escape without recapture, 7: by reduction of time, 359; total, 1,018.

POPULATION, WEALTH AND INDUSTRY.

The population has rapidly increased since the census was first taken in the State in 1840, being then, and at the end of each decade since, as follows:

In the foreign immigration to this State there has been a larger proportion of immigrants from Norway, Germany and Wales, than in the other States, Wisconsin receiving from the former country nearly as many as all the other States. A Board of Immigration, provided for by the Legislature in 1867, has been organized.

The surface of the State is rolling prairie, elevated from six hundred to twelve hundred feet above sea level, with no mountains or lofty hills. The soil in the southern part is remarkably productive, and even in the mineral regions of the northwest it is well adapted to grazing. Wheat, corn, oats, potatoes, and hay are the staple crops, the first-named being the most extensively grown, and by far the heaviest money crop, being made a specialty in a large majority of the counties. In La Crosse, Monroe, Richland, Racine, Sauk and other counties, hops have become an important interest, and have proved highly remunerative. In Sauk county they are made a specialty, growing luxuriantly, and yielding most abundantly. This county alone in 1867, received for the article of hops, about $3,000,000.

This State possesses abundant timber resources, and an immense lumbering business is carried on in many of the northern and western counties, the pineries of Marathon, Chippewa, Clark, Wood, St. Croix, and other counties, furnishing many millions of feet of logs and lumber annually.

The mineral resources of the State are varied and valuable. The lead region of Illinois and Iowa extends over an area of 2,140 square miles in Wisconsin. The iron region of Lake Superior presents within the limits of this State abundant deposits of great richness. Magnetic iron, plumbago, and the non-metallic earths abound. Copper deposits have also been developed, but as yet have only been worked to a limited extent.

The facilities for propelling machinery found in the various water-courses of Wisconsin invite large investments of labor and capital in the extension of manufacturing enterprise. The extensive water power of Milwaukee river affords great facilities for manufacturing, and is in process of rapid development. Milwaukee is the greatest primary wheat market in the world. 1862, the receipts of wheat and of flour reduced to wheat, were nearly 18,000,000 of bushels.

In

The aggregate valuation of taxable property in the state, in 1867, as equalized by the State Board of Equalization, was $211,479,319.36, being an increase since 1865, of $57,212,699.06.

The manufacturing establishments in 1860 numbered 3,064, with a capital invested of $15,831,581. The value of the raw material absorbed and cost of production equalled $21,406,042, the total product having reached $27,849,467, leaving a profit of $6,403,425, or upwards of 40 per cent. upon the capital invested.

Products in 1866. Corn, 9,414,583 bushels; value, $7,719,958; wheat, 20,307,920 bushels; value, $33.914.226; rye, 926,492 bushels; value, $815,313; oats, 17,174,086 bushels; value, $9,274,006; barley, 860,521 bushels; value, $774,469; buckwheat, 69,227 bushels; value, $59,535; potatoes, 3,940,273 bushels; value, $2,521,775; hay, 1,151,477 tons; value, $14,105,593.

Banks. The number of National Banks, Sept. 30, 1868, was-organized, 37; closed or closing, 3; in operation, 34; with a paid in capital of $2,960,000.

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