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*Previous to 1868, Presidential electors were chosen by the Legislature, excepting in 1864, when, the State being in rebellion, none were chosen. The electoral votes have previously been given, as follows, viz.: 1836, to Willie P. Mangum; in 1840, to Martin Van Buren; in 1844, to James K. Polk; in 1848, to Lewis Cass; in 1852, to Franklin Pierce; in 1856, to James Buchanan; in 1860, to John C. Breckinridge.

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STATE LEGISLATURES, POLITICALLY CLASSIFIED.

The figures given are for the Legislatures last elected. In a few instances the election of members is contested; when these cases are decided, the result may slightly change the numbers given.

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POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, 1790-1860.

From 1840 to 1850, the increase of the entire population was 35.87 per cent., and from 1850 to 1860, it was 35.46 per cent. The lowest rate of increase for any decade since 1790, has been 32.67 per cent.; the highest, 36.45. During the five years following 1860, or in the time of the late war, the increase in population was much less rapid, and in some States there was an actual decrease. Immigration from foreign countries was checked during this period, but since the return of peace in 1865, it has again increased. The total population for 1860, in the table below, includes 44,020 Indians.

AGGREGATE POPULATION.

Total White...
Total Free Colored
Total Free.

Total Slave..
Total Colored..

Total

1790. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1850. 1860.

3,172,464 4,304,489 5,862,004 7,861,937 10,537,378 14,195,695 19,553,114 26,957,471 59,466 108.395 186,446 233,524 819,599 386,303 434,449 488,070 3,231,930 4,412,884 6,048,450 8,095,461 10,856,977 14,581,998 19,987,563 27,445,541 697,897 893,041 1,191,364 1,538,038 2,009,043 2,487.455, 3,204,313 3,953,760 757,363 1,001,436 1,377,810 1,771,562 2,328,642 2,873,758 3,638,762 4,441,830

3,929,827 5,305,925 7,239,814 9,638,131 12,866,020 17,069,453 23,191,876 31,443.321

RECORD OF IMPORTANT EVENTS, 1868.

UNITED STATES.

January 1st. Gen. T. W. Sherman was appointed commander of the Department of the East.-Gen. A. D. M'Cook was ordered to relieve Gen, McKenzie in command of the Sub-District of the Rio Grande.-Thirty miles of the Galveston railroad to Lawrence were opened.— The Legislatures of Maryland, Maine and Massachusetts, assembled.-Gov. Chamberlain, of Maine, was inaugurated.-Gen. O'Neil became President of the Fenian Brotherhood.

2d. Gov. Flanders, of Louisiana, resigned, and Joshua Baker was appointed his successor by General Hancock.-Custom-house and fifty other buildings destroyed by fire at Indianola, Texas.

3d. Failure of the dry goods merchant, L. C. Hopkins, in Cincinnati, with liabilities to the amount of $1,000,000.

4th. The steamer Harry Dean exploded on the Ohio, near Gallipolis; 5 persons killed and many others injured.-Post No. 1, Grand Army of the Republic, in Washington, nominated Gen. Grant for President.

5th. U. S. Military Asylum, at Augusta, Me., was destroyed by fire.

6th. Congress met.-The President was, by a vote of 79 to 28. in the House, censured for removing Gen. Sheridan.-The resolution of thanks to Gen. Grant for his letters to the Presi dent relative to the removal of Secretary Stanton, and Gen. Sheridan's report of affairs in Texas, was passed by 82 votes to 23.-A bill was passed constituting eight hours a day's work for Government employees.-Bullock, the new governor of Massachusetts, accepted the decision of the people with reference to the liquor question, and recommended enactments for the control of the traffic.-The Legislature of Ohio assembled.-Gen. Meade assumed command of the Third Military District, consisting of Georgia, Alabama, and Florida,

7th. The Legislatures of New York and Pennsylvania convened.-The U. S. Senate passed the bill to repeal the internal revenue tax on cotton.-The House passed the joint resolution anthorizing the sale of all the iron-clad vessels no longer required by the service.-The Illinois Press Association met at Jacksonville.-Formal opening of Pike's new Opera House at New York.-Great Fenian meeting at Washington.-The House passed a bill to prevent frauds in distilled spirits.

8th. The Legislature of Wisconsin convened.-The Pennsylvania State Convention of “The Boys in Blue" met in Philadelphia.-Democratic State Conventions at Indianapolis, and at Columbus, Ohio.-Gen. Canby issued an order for the meeting of the North Carolina Convention in Raleigh, on Jan. 14th.-Gov. Bowie, of Maryland, was inaugurated.

10th. Secretary Seward announced to the House that twenty-one States had ratified the 14th article of the amendment to the Constitution.-The ship Leibnitz, from Hamburg, arrived at New York, after a passage of sixty days, during which time one hundred and five persons died of cholera.

12th. The contract for the iron bridge across the Mississippi, at Dubuque, was awarded to the Keystone Bridge Company, of Pittsburgh, Pa.-The thermometer stood 36 degrees below zero at Trempeleau, Wisconsin.

13th. The House passed, by 116 to 39, a bill declaring that five members shall constitute a quorum of the Supreme Court, and that a concurrence of two-thirds of all the members shall be necessary to a decision adverse to the validity of any law passed by Congress.-The Senate declared, by 35 votes to 6, that they do not concur in the suspension from the office of Secretary of War, of Edwin M. Stanton.-Gen. Meade removed Gov. Jenkins, of Georgia, and appointed Gen. Ruger as his successor.-Sardis, in Mississippi, was nearly destroyed by fire.R. B. Hayes was inaugurated as Governor of Ohio.-The Ohio Legislature withdrew the assent of the State to the proposed 14th Amendment; vote in the Senate-ycas 19, nays 17; in the House-ycas 56, nays 46.

14th. The Virginia Constitutional Convention declared that Virginia shall forover remain in the Union, and that slavery is forever abolished in the State.-Gen. Grant relinquished the 739

office of Secretary of War to Secretary Stanton, who entered again upon the discharge of his duties. The Conventions of North and South Carolina met; also the Legislatures of New Jersey and Iowa.-Judge Thurman was elected U. S. Senator for Ohio.

15th. Gen. Pope was assigned to the command of the Department of the Lakes, with headquarters at Detroit.-The Iron Mountain railroad was taken possession of by Gov. Fletcher, in the name of the State of Missouri.-The Connecticut Republican State Convention met at Hartford.-The Louisiana Republican State Convention nominated H. C. Warmouth for Governor, and Oscar J. Dunn (colored) for Lieut. Governor.-The Legislature of Kansas met; Miss Emma Hunt was elected enrolling clerk of the Lower House.

16th. The Senate passed the Deficiency bill.-Meeting of the delegates of the National Convention of the Grand Army of the Republic, in Philadelphia, Gen. Sickles occupying the chair; it recommended Gen. U. S. Grant for the office of President of the United States; Gen. Logan was elected commander-in-chief.-Gov. Merrill, of Iowa, was inaugurated.—Wm. T. Hamilton was elected U. S. Senator of Maryland.-The Republican State Convention of Arkansas nominated P. Clayton for Governor.

17th. Consolidation of the Columbus and Indiana Central, and the Chicago and Great Western railroads as the Columbus, Chicago and Indiana Central Railroad Company.-The last rail was laid on the Union and Logansport railroad, now forming part of the Columbus and Indiana Central Railroad, and being the shortest connecting link between the Eastern and Western cities.-O'Hara (colored), was elected engrossing clerk by the North Carolina Constitutional Convention.

20th. The Florida Convention assembled.

21st. The House of Representatives passed the supplement to the Reconstruction bill by 123 to 45.-The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroad bridge was completed at Des Moines.-The Supreme Court resolved to advance the McArdle case, involving questions connected with Reconstruction, so as to place it in position on the calendar to be reached on the 1st of March.

23d. Gen. Ruger rescinded Gov. Jenkins's order suspending the collection of taxes in Georgia.-The Mississippi Convention declared that the General Assembly shall never assume or pay any obligation contracted or incurred in aid of the Rebellion, and that it shall have no power to make any compensation for emancipated slaves.

24th. The Spanish Minister of War ordered 50,000 American breech-loading rifles.— Senator Morton delivered a speech in defense of the Congressional policy of reconstruction.-Gen. Grant asked President Johnson to put in writing several instructions previously given to him not to obey any order from Secretary Stanton, unless he knew that it came from the President.

25th. Six persons were killed, and five others injured, near Fort Wayne, Ind., by the explosion of a can of coal oil.-The steamer Emerald was sunk at Tunca, about 15 miles below the mouth of Red river; four ladies were drowned.

26th. The Mexican (Imperialist) Gen. Marquez, arrived at New Orleans, having escaped from Mexico in disguise.

27th. Gen. Meade removed Barret, Secretary of State of Georgia, for refusing to recognize the authority of the district commander.-The House passed the bill to prevent the payment of certain claims arising out of the Rebellion, by yeas 86, nays 53.

28th. Terrible fire at Chicago.

29th. The Senate passed a bill providing for the sale of iron-clads.-The Academy of Music was destroyed by fire at Albany, New York.-The President instructed Gen. Grant, in writing, not to obey any order from the War Department, unless authorized by the President.

30th. The Iowa Senate passed the bill granting to the U. S. Government right of way for a ship canal around the lower rapids of the Mississippi, on the Iowa side.-The Connecticut Democratic State Convention at New Haven, re-nominated Gov. English.-Gen. Grant recognized orders issued from the War Department, by direction of the President, as authorized by the Executive.

31st. The President reproached Gen. Grant for having vacated the office of the War Department without having given him notice of his intention to do so.-The report of the Committee of Conference on the cotton tax bill, was adopted by the House.

February 1st. Eighteen prisoners escaped from the jail at St. Joseph, Mo.

2d. The steamer Sherman was destroyed by fire.

3d. Riot at Fayetteville, Tenn.-Gen. Grant reasserted the correctness of his statements, that he accepted the appointment of Secretary of War ad interim, to prevent the appointment

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