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trustees received a total income of $1,355,193.54 for general purposes, in addition to $55,412.24 from the endowment of the division of educational inquiry, $755,193.54 from the general endowment and $600,000 from the Carnegie Corporation of New York on account of its appropriation of $600,000 a year for 10 years. The current expenditures were as follows: (a) General endowment.-Retiring allowances and pensions in institutions on the associated list, $1,069,315; retiring allowances and pensions granted to individuals, $95,514.84; total retiring allowances and pensions, $1,164,829.84. Expenses of administration, $66,013.10; publication, $5,399.62; total, $71,412.72. (b) Division of educational inquiry.-General, $11,814.85; study of legal education, $9,185.47; study of training of teachers, $3,361.76; study of dental education, $3,503.85; study of intercollegiate athletics, $456.47; study of education in the Maritime Provinces, $575.01; total, $27,747.39. Grand total, $1,263,989.95.

The list of institutions associated with the foundation was increased by the addition of George Peabody College for Teachers, on November 2, 1923; the University of Colorado and the University of British Columbia, on May 2, 1924.

The executive committee decided

That war service with the United States Food Administration, the Council of National Defense, the Belgian Relief Commission, and Y. M. C. A. work with the American Expeditionary Force should be counted as professional; that involuntary discontinuance of teaching because of war conditions should not terminate a teacher's expectations from the foundation; that service with foreign governments, or as secretary to the governor of a State, or as city manager could not be counted as professional, but did not terminate expectations from the foundation; and that teachers who are primarily professional practitioners and officers holding professional titles, but receiving no compensation from their universities, have no expectations from the foundation.

Bar-admission requirements and the status of dental education are discussed in the report. Pension systems and pension legislation in this and other countries are considered at length, with emphasis on the activities of the National Educational Association with regard to teachers' retirement, etc. A plea for optimism in education is made; the results of our last half-century's progress in organized education are set forth; and the simplification of our "complex educational machine" is urged.

President: Henry S. Pritchett, 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. Secretary: Clyde Furst, 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y.

JEANES FUND

The Anna T. Jeanes Fund was established for the improvement of negro rural schools. According to information furnished by Dr. James H. Dillard, president, the fund cooperated during the session

ending June 30, 1924, with public-school superintendents in 289 counties in 15 States.

The 302 supervising teachers, who are paid partly by the counties and partly through the Jeanes Fund, visited regularly in these counties 9,928 country schools, making in all 41,212 visits, and raising for the purpose of school improvement $502,972. The total amount of salary paid to the supervising teachers was $252,574, of which the sum of $144,423 was paid by the public-school authorities and $108,151 through the Jeanes Fund.

These traveling teachers, who work under the direction of the county superintendents, do all in their power to assist and encourage the rural teachers. They introduce simple home industries into the small country schools; give talks and lessons on sanitation, cleanliness, etc.; promote the improvement of schoolhouses and school grounds; and organize clubs for the betterment of the school and neighborhood.

President: James H. Dillard, Charlottesville, Va.

Secretary: John T. Emlen, Fourth and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia, Pa.

JOHN F. SLATER FUND

The following appropriations covering the year 1923-24 were made by the education committee of the John F. Slater Fund: * County training schools, $25,000; special work, $2,000; city schools, $2,500; Hampton Institute, $5,000; Tuskegee Institute, $5,000; private secondary schools, $12,500; colleges, $16,200; total, $68,800. Statistics showing the work of the county training schools for the session ending 1924 are as follows: Number of schools, 204; number of teachers, 1,297; pupils in high-school grades, 6,189; salaries from public-tax funds, $594,268; salaries through State board, $69,300; average amount for salaries from public funds, $2,913; amount contributed by General Education Board for building and equipment, $54,292. Total amount for session 1923-24 for all purposes from public-tax funds, $726,126.

These county training schools are a significant feature in the work of negro education in the South. Sixty-six of these schools in 1923-24 had teachers' homes and 47 had dormitories. Nearly all had boarders in near-by homes. "It is becoming evident," say the Proceedings and Reports for 1924, "that these training schools will ultimately become high schools. A few of them have already established a four-year high-school course." The schools are located in

3 Including nine State supervising teachers. Five counties had two Jeanes teachers, and one county had three. Two teachers worked in two counties.

Proc. and reports of the John F. Slater Fund for the year ending Sept. 30, 1923.

Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. Appropriations amounting to $4,500 ($2,000 being contributed by the General Education Board) were made to local boards of education for the promotion of industrial work in 26 schools, these appropriations being made "with the understanding that at least an equal amount should be devoted to this purpose from public-school funds."

The schools benefiting by these appropriations are located in Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas.

President: James H. Dillard, Box 418, Charlottesville, Va.
Secretary: Gertrude C. Mann, Box 418, Charlottesville, Va.

PHELPS-STOKES FUND

The Phelps-Stokes Fund, established under the will of Caroline Phelps Stokes, who died in 1909, was incorporated in 1911. The act of incorporation directs the trustees to use the income for "the erection or improvement of tenement-house dwellings in New York City and for educational purposes in the education of negroes, both in Africa and the United States, North American Indians, and needy and deserving white students." The capital of the fund is approximately $1,000,000.

According to data furnished by Dr. Anson Phelps Stokes, president, the chief activity of the corporation during the biennium under review has been the educational survey of East Africa, made in cooperation with the British Colonial Office, the International Education Board, and foreign mission societies of Great Britain.

A commission on education in East Africa was organized in the fall of 1923, with Dr. Thomas Jesse Jones, educational director of the Phelps-Stokes fund, as chairman. This commission had the active support of the British Colonial Office, which appointed Maj. H. Vischer, secretary of its advisory committee on education in Tropical Africa, to accompany it on its travels. The report of the commission, entitled "Education in East Africa," has been published, which in scope is similar to the report on West, South, and Equatorial Africa, described in the last biennial survey of the Bureau of Education.

The Phelps-Stokes Fund has encouraged the visits of African teachers and workers to America, and some 25 or more have already come to see what is being done in American schools, especially in such institutions as Hampton and Tuskegee and the negro rural schools in the South.

The fund has undertaken to make a resurvey of negro colleges in the United States, including all institutions which give collegiate and professional training of advanced character to colored students. The study will be made in the winter of 1925-26, in cooperation with the Association of Negro Colleges and other organizations.

In addition to the support of the African education commissions and related activities, the Phelps-Stokes Fund has continued to make small appropriations (usually in amounts ranging from $200 to $2,000) to schools and other organizations for negroes, and to various agencies working for improved race relations.

President: Anson Phelps Stokes, 1767 Q Street NW., Washington, D. C.

Secretary: I. N. Phelps Stokes, 100 William Street, New York, N. Y.

BARON DE HIRSCH FUND

The Baron de Hirsch Fund was organized on March 13, 1890, and incorporated on February 12, 1891, under the New York membership corporations law, for the purpose of Americanizing and assimilating the immigrants with the masses and teach them to become good and self-supporting citizens, and to prevent, by all proper means, their congregating in large cities. The endowment fund given by the Baron and Baroness de Hirsch amounts now to $3,800,000.

The activities of the fund are as follows: (1) The promotion of agricultural instruction through subsidies to the National Farm School at Doylestown, Pa., and the granting of scholarships to Jewish young men at the State Institute of Applied Agriculture at Farmingdale, Long Island, N. Y., as well as other New York State agricultural schools. These are substitutes for the Baron de Hirsch Agricultural School, formerly maintained by the fund for many years at Woodbine, N. J. (2) Aid to agriculturists by way of selection of farm lands and loans on real or chattel security through the Jewish Agricultural Society. (3) Baron de Hirsch Trade School, New York City, which offers to Jewish young men free instruction in the following trades: Machinery, plumbing, electrical, sign painting, printing, automechanics, and operating engineering. (4) Immigration port work through subsidized societies located in New York and Baltimore.

The fund has latterly concentrated more on trade and agricultural instruction and extensive aid to farmers and given up some of its pioneer Americanization work and charitable pecuniary aid.

President: S. G. Rosenbaum, 207 West Twenty-fourth Street, New York, N. Y.

Secretary: Max J. Kohler, 253 Broadway, New York, N. Y.

AMERICAN-SCANDINAVIAN FOUNDATION

The American-Scandinavian Foundation was endowed in 1911 by the late Niels Poulson, with an annual income of $20,000 or more "to maintain an interchange of students and teachers, and to support other forms of educational intercourse between the United States and Scandinavia." Its income from endowment is supplemented by annual dues of members of the foundation and contributions from private individuals and business houses for special purposes. During the past 13 years the foundation has awarded stipends to 350 students. From 1919 to 1925 it has conducted an annual exchange of 20 American, 10 Swedish, 5 Norwegian, and 5 Danish students, awarding to each of these a stipend of $1,000. Beginning with the year 1925 there was incorporated a new student program of industrial apprentice fellowships, which will bring to the United States a number of Scandinavian students for practical studies in American industries.

President: Hamilton Holt, 25 West Forty-fifth Street, New York, N. Y.

Secretary: James Creese, 25 West Forty-fifth Street, New York, N. Y.

AMERICAN FIELD SERVICE FELLOWSHIPS FOR FRENCH

UNIVERSITIES

The American Field Service Fellowships for French Universities is administered by the Institute of International Education, with headquarters in New York City. Its purpose is to endow fellowships for American students in French universities; to increase appreciation of French learning; to secure an occasional fellowship in America for a French student; and to foster international understanding. Eleven awards of fellowships were made for the year 1925-26.

President: Paul D. Cravath, 52 William Street, New York, N. Y. Secretary: Stephen P. Duggan, 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y.

JUILLARD MUSICAL FOUNDATION

The Juillard Musical Foundation, established by gift of the late Augustus D. Juillard, awards fellowships for advanced study to qualified music students of American birth or citizenship, preferably over 16 and under 30 years of age, who are required to study under the direct auspices of the foundation in New York City. The amount received from the estate of Mr. Juillard is over $13,000,000, the income of which is expended under the direction of a board of trustees.

The foundation grants scholarships to American students in schools and colleges of America to pay for tuition in whole or part.

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