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STATISTICS OF PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS, 1923-24

CONTENTS.-Introduction - Enrollment- Military drill-Teachers-Size of high school-GraduatesType of high school-Survivals-Statistical tables

INTRODUCTION

The Bureau of Education has a record of 19,442 public high schools in the United States. Reports were received from 14,827 for the school year 1923-24, of which number 704 are classified as junior high schools, 1,316 as junior-senior high schools, and 181 as threeyear senior high schools. In 1924, reports were received from 771 more schools than reported in 1922. There were 16,300 public high schools in 1918.

All two-year, three-year, and four-year junior high schools which are separately organized have been included in the statistics of junior high schools. The junior portions of junior-senior high schools have been included in the junior-senior statistics. All types of juniorsenior high schools, whether organized on the 2-4, 4-2, 2-3, 3-2, 3-3, or 6-year undivided plan, are included in the statistics of junior-senior high schools. Only three-year high schools containing grades corresponding to the traditional 10, 11, and 12, when separately organized as senior high schools, have been included in the statistics of senior high schools. In tables showing enrollment in elementary grades, the sixth and seventh grades of those schools having only seven years in the elementary course are tabulated with the seventh and eighth grades of schools having eight years of elementary work.

ENROLLMENT

The total enrollment reported for 1924 is 2,538,381, which is an increase of 308,974 over that reported for 1922. The State departments of education report a total of 3,407,801 in public high schools in the various States, which indicates that State department reports are more complete than those of the Bureau of Education. The total number of colored students reported for 1924 is 51,745, an increase of 16,014, or 44.8 per cent over 1922. The greatest increase is in the number of colored girls enrolled, 46.2 per cent. The increase for all types of students reported is 13.9 per cent. The increases for the several years of high school are as follows: First year, 7.5 per cent; second year, 13.9 per cent; third year, 18.7 per cent; fourth year, 25.3 per cent. These figures indicate a healthy growth for the

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public high school, and that the students already enrolled are staying in school longer.

Enrollments were taken by course of study, with instructions not to include single subjects of study, but subjects organized in groups. Academic courses were reported by 14,783 schools, with 2,318,363 students taking such courses; 3,742 schools have 430,975 in commercial courses; 3,860 schools have 160,140 in home economics courses; 2,089 schools have 155,167 in manual training courses; 2,604 schools have 56,469 in agriculture courses; 434 schools have 41,998 in industrial or trade courses, and 1,453 schools have 34,138 in teacher-training courses. The same data were gathered in 1918. The increase in number taking industrial and trade courses since 1918 is 153 per cent; in academic courses, 86 per cent; in manual training courses, 60 per cent; in home economics courses, 57 per cent; in commercial courses, 55 per cent; in agriculture courses, 46 per cent; and in teacher-training courses, 28 per cent. The greatest per cent of increase, therefore, is in industrial and trade courses, and the least in teacher-training courses.

MILITARY DRILL

In 1918, 1,276 public high schools were offering military drill to 112,683 boys. In 1920, there were 688 such schools, offering it to 98,831 boys; and in 1924, 300 schools offering military training to 55,964 boys. In 1914, only 82 schools offered military training, to 9,532 boys. These figures show the ability of the public high school to meet an emergency and then to direct attention elsewhere when the emergency passes.

TEACHERS

The number of public high-school teachers reported for 1924 is 133,395, or an increase of 35,741 over 1920. This is an increase of 40.6 per cent for men teachers, and 34.4 per cent for women. The number of students per teacher has increased from 20.5 in 1920 to 22.1 in 1922.

SIZE OF HIGH SCHOOL

No tabulation is presented showing size of high school by States. There are reported 5,110 schools with 50 students or less, and 9,150 with 100 or less. With from 101 to 200 students there are 2,618 schools; with 201 to 500, 1,728 schools; with 501 to 1,000,717 schools; and with more than 1,000 students, 614 schools. There are 13 high schools with an enrollment of more than 5,000 each, one having 8,410 students. The average size has increased from 140 students in 1920 to 199 in 1924.

GRADUATES

In 1918, 14.5 per cent of the public-high school pupils were enrolled in the fourth year of work, and 93.8 per cent of the senior class graduated. In 1924, 15.7 per cent of the pupils were in the fourth year of work, and 91.3 per cent of the senior class graduated. From the graduating class of 1917, 38.1 per cent of the boys went to college the following year, and from the 1923 class, 37.2 per cent went to college. From the 1917 class, 21.4 per cent of the girls went to college the year following graduation, and from the 1923 class, 25.9 per cent went to college. The per cent going to other institutions is about the same for each year; 9 per cent of the boys and 17 per cent of the girls were attending some other institution the year following graduation. In 1917, 42 per cent of the graduates attended some higher institution the year following graduation, and in 1923, 44.5 per cent attended some higher institution.

TYPE OF HIGH SCHOOL

There are 19 public high schools of the distinctively business and commercial type, and 139 of the vocational and technical type. Many of these schools are equipped with modern machinery, and use up-to-date methods of instruction in the various trades, vocations, and occupations.

SURVIVALS

No adjustments have been made for increase in population, deaths, immigration, retardation, or duplication, in obtaining the percentage in Table 2. The first year enrollments are taken as bases, and divided into the enrollments of the second, third, and fourth year of the high school for the first, second, and third year following the basic year.

TABLE 1.—Review of statistics of public high schools, 1890–1924 (excluding statistics of elementary grades in junior high schools)

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1 Includes those not reported by sex.

2 Includes 1,361 men and 5,069 women teaching in junior high schools.

3 Includes 3,299 men and 11,697 women teaching in junior high schools. Included in buildings and grounds.

5 Computation includes teachers in elementary grades in junior high schools. • Computation includes pupils in elementary grades in junior high schools.

TABLE 2.-Distribution of pupils in the several grades of public high schools, 1908–1924 (excluding statistics of elementary grades in junior

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1 Includes 259 senior high schools having the last three years of the high-school course. 2 Includes 91 senior high schools having the last three years of the high-school course. Includes 181 senior high schools having the last three years of the high-school course. Not including teachers of pupils in the third year of three-year junior high schools. * Includes pupils in senior high schools and in the third year of junior high schools. The survival percentages for 1917 are, for second year, 70.6; third year, 53.2; fourth year, 44.8. 7 The survival percentages for 1919 are, for second year 63.4; for third year, 52.7; fourth year, 42.4. 8 The survival percentages for 1921 are, for the second year, 74.5; third year, 55.3; fourth year, 39.6. The survival percentages for 1923 are, for the second year, 74.8; third year, 57.9; fourth year, 49.2.

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