219. Spain, Charles L. The Detroit public schools. American school board journal, 52: 11-14, 86-88, February 1916.

A descriptive article of the schools of Detroit, kindergartens, elementary schools, special schools, junior high schools, manual and industrial training, continuation schools, etc.

220. Streatfeild, C. A. C. Primary and secondary education in India. Church missionary review (London) 67: 16-23, January 1916.

A review of the progress of education in India, primary and secondary.

221. Vail, Theodore N. Some observations on modern tendencies. Educational review, 51: 109-38, February 1916.

Address at a dinner given by the Railroad commission of California to the National association of railway commissioners, San Francisco, Cal., October 13, 1915.

Deals largely with social and economic tendencies, and only incidentally with education.

PEDAGOGICS AND DIDACTICS.

222. Brierley, Susie S. Authority and freedom. Parents' review (London) 27: 7-19, January 1916.

Discusses the relative functions of freedom and authority. Says that "the setting of the school should imply freedom and responsibility, and should allow free play to the varied influences of social intercourse."

223. Howerth, I. W. The environment and education. Educational review, 51: 139-48, February 1916.

Emphasizes the powerful influences of environment upon man, the most important effects being psychic. The mind is extremely plastic and susceptible to environmental influences, hence the power of education upon the individual, and through the individual upon civilization.

224. Iowa state teachers' association. Elimination of obsolete and useless topics and materials from the common branches. Being a report of a committee of the Iowa state teachers' association, November 1915. [Des Moines, Iowa state teachers' association, 1915] 54 p. 8°.

225. Porter, Laura S. Guests. Atlantic monthly, 117: 241-49, February 1916.

Education out of school hours. Influence of the home. To be continued.

226. Rathmann, C. C. Educational factors outside of the schoolroom used by European teachers. School and home education, 35: 198-204, February 1916. Discusses the school excursion, the museum, the theater, and school savings banks.

227. Shields, Thomas Edward. Education as adjustment. Catholic educational review, 11: 97-112, February 1916.

228. Thwing, Charles F. Education according to John Henry Newman. School and society, 3: 217-26, February 12, 1916.

EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY; CHILD STUDY.

229. Cowan, Edwina Abbott. An experiment on the influence of training on memory. Journal of educational psychology, 7: 31-38, January 1916.

"Two groups of high school children were tested for their ability to memorize a prose selection, and to recall common objects seen for a moment on a table. One group was then trained for 20 days in memorizing nonsense syllables and isolated English words. Both groups were then tested with a prose selection similar to the first, and with the recall of objects. The trained group made distinctly the better showing."

230. Freeman, Frank N. Handwriting tests for use in school surveys. Elementary school journal, 16: 299-301, February 1916.

Material prepared for the school surveys of Denver, Colo., and Grand Rapids, Mich

231. Gray, William S. Methods of testing reading. Elementary school journal, 16: 281-98, February 1916.

Tests in oral and silent reading. After 3,000 pupils had been tested, standards of achievement for the various grades were computed. They were called "Standard tests." Presents the tests in oral and silent reading in printed form. Statistical tables, etc.

232. Kelley, Truman Lee. A constructive ability test. Journal of educational psychology, 7: 1–16, January 1916.

"The test here described is designed to measure creative thin ing as well as the ability to execute a task. In principle it is altogether different from tests such as the form-board and the puzzle box. The article presents a description of the test, directions for its administration and grading, and a consideration of the significance of the results."

233. Measuring the quality of handwriting. A symposium. Elementary school journal, 16: 302-15, February 1916.

Contains the following: Part 1.-Our purpose in making a writing scale, by G. L. Johnson, p. 302-3; Part 2.-How the scale is made, by C. R. Stone, p. 303-13; Part 3.-The scale in use, by C. R. Stone, p. 313-15.

Statistical tables. Part 2 contains an interesting tentative scale for the measurement of handwriting.

234. Ruttmann, W. J. Quellen und methoden der schülerkunde.

pädagogische psychologie, 16: 335-42, July, August 1915.

Zeitschrift für

235. Sackett, L. W. Measuring a school system by the Buckingham spelling scale. [Garrison, N. Y., The Science press, 1915] 10 p. 4°.

Reprinted from School and society, 2: 860-64, 894-98, December 18, 1915.

236. Sandwick, Richard Lanning. How to study and what to study. Boston, New York [etc.] D. C. Heath & co. [1915] v, 170 p. 16o.

237. Sears, J. B. Spelling efficiency in the Oakland schools. Report of the Oakland spelling investigation of October 1914. [Oakland, Cal., Board of education, 1915] 79 p. 8°. (Bureau of information, statistics, and educational research. Publication no. 1)

238. Starr, Louis. The adolescent period, its features and management. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co. [1915] 211 p. 12°.

239. Wallin, J. E. Wallace. Age norms of psycho-motor capacity. Journal of educational psychology, 7: 17-24, January 1916.

Delivered before the American psychological association, and Section H of the American association for the advancement of science, University of California, August 5, 1915.

"A synopsis of the results obtained from the use of the form-board test with over 4000 children. The author presents half-yearly forms of performance in this test from the ages of four to seventeen years."

SPECIAL SUBJECTS OF CURRICULUM.

240. American psychological association. Report of the Committee on the academic status of psychology, December 1915. The academic status of psychology in the normal schools. Princeton, N. J., Printed by the committee, 1915. 33 p. 8°.

Members of committee: H. C. Warren, chairman; B. T. Baldwin, John Dewey, C. H. Judd,
Margaret F. Washburn.

241. Brown, Rollo Walter. How the French boy learns to write; a study in the teaching of the mother tongue. Cambridge, Harvard university press, 1915. ix, 260 p. 8°.

After the introductory chapter, the main topics of this book are The courses of study in the mother tongue, Composition, Grammar, Reading and literature, Foreign languages, The French boy's teacher, and Organized language tradition.

242. Dawson, Charles A. Speech training in public high schools. Quarterly journal of public speaking, 2: 1-8, January 1916.

243. Farquharson, Alexander. The teaching of civics in secondary schools. School world (London) 18: 47-50, February 1916.

Says the writer: "Let mutual service and love-which is its interior motive and reflection-be the alpha and omega of your civics teaching."

244. Fish, Carl Russell. American diplomatic history in high school. History teacher's magazine, 7: 39-44, February 1916.

245. Gould, Frederick J. Moral instruction, history and literature. Journal of education (London) 48: 85-86, February 1916.

Says that moral instruction, history and literature are fundamentally one and the same. Presents methods of teaching.

246. Knapp, Charles. The campaign for the classics. Classical weekly, 9: 97-98, 105-6, 113-14, January 22, 29, February 5, 1916.

247. Leonard, F. B. jr. Debating in the high school.

ers of English bulletin, 8: 1-19, January 15, 1916.

Illinois association of teach

Discusses the subject under the following headings: 1. The proposition for debate.-2. Selection of debaters.-3. Working up the question.-4. Writing the speeches.-5. Practice and delivery.6. Class room debate.-7. Inter-high-school debating leagues.

248. Millikan, R. A. The elimination of waste in the teaching of high-school science. School and society, 3: 162-69, January 29, 1916.

A paper presented before the Physics section of the Central association of teachers of science and mathematics, November 26, 1915.

249. Myers, G. W. Educational movements and general mathematics. School science and mathematics, 16: 97-105, February 1916.

From an address before the Central association of science and mathematics teachers at Chicago, November 26, 1915.

250. Redway, Jacques W. Thirty-five years of reform in the teaching of English. American school, 2: 8-10, January 1916.

"A famous textbook author and master of English style writes of our national faults in oral and written speech, and some reasons therefor."

251. Reeve, W. D. Courses in special methods of teaching for high schools, with reference to mathematics. School review, 24: 89-106, February 1916.

Makes the following recommendations by means of which prospective teachers may profitably proceed: (1) By reading the published results of the experience of others; (2) by personal consultation with experienced teachers; (3) by observing teachers at work; (4) by actual teaching. Contains bibliography: p. 104-6.

Paper read before College teachers of education, at the Minnesota educational association, Minneapolis, October 29, 1915.

252. Rugg, H. O. The experimental determination of standards in the first-year algebra. School review, 24: 37-66, January 1916.

A report to the mathematics section of the Illinois high school conference of a preliminary study to "(1) establish certain methods by which standards for measuring the outcomes of a year's instruction in high school algebra may be constructed; (2) to state tentative results obtained in eight Illinois high schools; (3) to make certain criticisms of the learning and teaching process in algebra." Contains statistical tables; composite tests, etc.

253. Rusk, R. D. Vitalizing high school physics. Education, 36: 368-73, February 1916.

Sums up the essentials requisite to the teaching of high school physics as follows: "(1) There must be a certain relation between the theoretical and the practical, such that each supports and strengthens the other as much as possible. (2) We must deal either with the practical or with theory which is being made practical through certain points of contact. (3) A problem-situation should be created."

254. Sargent, Walter. Art courses in high schools. School review, 24: 107–15, February 1916.

Presents three types of courses to suit the needs of pupils: (1) Those connected with industrial subjects; (2) courses in pictorial drawing; (3) courses in the survey of art, or appreciation of art. The latter meet the needs of pupils having no technical skill. Illustrated.

255. Smiley, Charles N. Horace: an appreciation. Educational review, 51: 156-67, February 1916.

Writer concludes that the reading of Horace is "stimulating mental food for all of those who are really worthy of a college education."

256. Swift, H. T. The third state spelling contest in Illinois. School news and practical educator, 29: 296-300, February 1916.

Gives the rules for the state spelling contest and the words used in the contest.

257. Taylor, Aravilla M. General science situation in Iowa and California. School review, 24: 20-25, January 1916.

Report of an investigation carried on under the direction of Dr. O. W. Caldwell. Work of high schools. Gives tabulated statistics.

258. Umlauf, K. Der mathematische unterricht an den seminaren und volksschulen der Hansestädte. Leipzig und Berlin, B. G. Teubner, 1915. 165, [1] p. 4°.

"Literatur": p. 163-65.

259. Ward, C. H. What is English? Educational review, 51: 168-78, February 1916. Writer says that ability "to write a decent theme, on a topic not based on reading, will be the simple definition of 'English."" Discusses present tendencies in school rhetoric.

260. Wilds, Elmer Harrison. Public speaking in the early colleges and schools. Quarterly journal of public speaking, 2: 31-38, January 1916.

Historical sketch of public speaking in colleges up through the first half of the last century.

KINDERGARTEN AND PRIMARY SCHOOL.

261. Faddis, Jennie R. The relation of the kindergarten and the elementary grades. Kindergarten and first grade, 1: 66-72, February 1916.

Address given at the International kindergarten union convention, San Francisco.

RURAL EDUCATION.

262. Fletcher, John M. The meaning of the modern rural school movement. Louisiana school work, 4: 278-91, January 1916.

Read at the Louisiana state normal, Natchitoches, La., December 2, 1915.

263. Mills, Lewis S. The daily program in the one-room school. Primary education, 24: 76-79, February 1916.

"The present article is supplementary to the one by the writer in the October number of Primary education, 1914. The same principles as there enumerated apply here as well. In this article, the details of working out the program for the one-room school are explained, a model program form is given and several variations from the model." These programs are in daily use in several schools. 264. Shawkey, M. P. The work of state departments of education in teacher training for rural schools. Better schools, 2: 1-5, January 1916.

The system and experience of West Virginia Department of education in providing well-trained and enthusiastic teachers for the rural schools.

265. Teaching, vol. 2, no. 5, January 15, 1916. (Rural school equipment)

Contains: 1. H. M. Culter: The modern rural schoolhouse, p. 3-8. 2. C. R. Phipps: The outside equipment of a country school, p. 9-16. 3. Mark Burrows: Sanitation in the rural school, p. 16-18. 4. G. S. Lasher: Inside equipment, p. 19-25. 5. Anna H. Brogan: The school as a community center, p. 26-29.

28699-16-2

CURRENT EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS.

SECONDARY EDUCATION.

ingaman, C. C. The junior-senior high school in practice. Midland schools, 30: 178-80, February 1916.

Contains an outline of a course of study for the six-three-three plan and a list of textbooks to be used.

267. Brown, Elmer Ellsworth.

The historical development of secondary schools

in the United States. School and society, 3: 227-31, February 12, 1916.
Address given December 30, 1915, at the Second Pan-American scientific congress, Washington,
D. C.

268. Cox, Philip W. L. The junior high school; its purposes and how they may be realized. American education, 19: 337-43, February 1916.

269. Engleman, J. O. An extra-classroom study of the Decatur high school. Educational administration and supervision, 2: 9-24, January 1916.

Results of a questionnaire submitted to high school pupils of Decatur, Ill. Information was received concerning occupations of fathers, occupations chosen by students, earnings of students, home study, books voluntarily read, magazine reading, reading of daily papers, use of tobacco, attendance at motion picture shows and at religious services, etc.

270. Fenwick, Arthur M. A modern city's high school system-Los Angeles. School review, 24: 116-29, February 1916.

Submits an attempt to epitomize the modern ideal: "(1) A system must provide those elements of education common to all intelligent democratic peoples. (2) It must recognize the claims and opportunities of its environment. (3) With its efforts to socialize it must recognize that each child is an individual, each is a problem with his idiosyncrasies."

Cites statistics showing the measure of success of the Los Angeles system.

271. Friend, L. L. High school commencements. West Virginia school journal and educator, 44: 374-76, February 1916.

Gives some suggestions for the observance of high school commencements.

272. Hinchman, Walter S. The American school; a study of secondary education. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page & company, 1916. xi, 232 p. 12°.

Regarding private schools, the author says (p. 38): "In them alone is possible an education above the average command of the masses; they can cherish culture, as public schools, at the mercy of the practical, average citizen, can not; unfettered by the popular interpretation of democracy as meaning all kinds of equality, intellectual as well as other, they alone may give due recognition and opportunity to the capable student."

273. Johnston, Charles Hughes. Junior high school administration. Educational administration and supervision, 2: 71–86, February 1916.

274. Maphis, Charles G. A plan for the definite rating of secondary schools. Alumni bulletin of the University of Virginia, 9: 59-63, January 1916.

A paper read before the Association of colleges and secondary schools of the Southern states, held at Nashville, October 28, 1915.

275. Murphy, C. R. Country and town students in high schools. American school board journal, 52: 25-26, 91, February 1916.

A comparative study of the work done in high schools by pupils who did their first eight years' work in rural schools and those who did it in town schools.

276. Pearson, Francis Bail. The high school problem. Chicago, New York, Row, Peterson & company [1916] 297 p. 12°.

277. Pittenger, B. F. Uses of the term "secondary" in American education. School review, 24: 130–41, February 1916.

Explains some of the more common American uses of "the terms 'secondary school' and 'secondary education,' both implicit and explicit." Discusses conflicting meanings, and presents a historical account of origins.