the inhabitants thereof; to make a contract or contracts, upon such terms, including present or deferred payment, and upon such conditions and in such manner as it may deem proper to purchase, operate, and maintain such public utilities, and to provide in such contract for the creation of a sinking fund into which sums sufficient to insure the payment of the purchase price and the performance of the obligations of said contract or contracts, to the end that the entire cost of such public utility shall eventually be paid from its earnings; all of such powers to be exercised in the manner provided by the constitution and laws of the state and this charter:

(1) To provide for the use, control and regulation of streams, waters and water courses within the boundaries of the city in a manner not inconsistent with law nor with riparian or littoral rights without the corporate limits;

(m) To provide for the laying and collecting of rents, tolls and excises:

(n) To provide for the regulation of trades, occupations and amusements, and for the regulation and restriction of the territory within which intoxicating liquors are sold or manufactured, if not prohibited by law: Provided, that the council shall by ordinance provide for the regulating, licensing and bonding of private detectives and private detective agencies:

(0) To determine the compensation of all officers and employes of the city except as otherwise provided in this charter, within such limitations as may be herein in any case prescribed; and where, by the provisions hereof, compensation may be fixed by any officer, board or commissioner subject to the approval of the council, to approve, disapprove or modify the same:

(p) To prescribe by ordinance additional duties and liabilities and confer additional rights and powers upon all officers, elective or appointive, not inconsistent with this charter; and to discontinue any office authorized hereunder and established by the council not specifically named herein:

(q) To require at any time by resolution full and complete information from any officer, board or commission concerning the conduct of affairs in his or its charge:

(r) To provide by ordinance for the perpetuation of the evidence to titles to real estate in the city, by the preservation of maps, plats, records and papers relating thereto, and by duly certified copies of such maps, plats, records and papers and which, certified and filed as such ordinance shall prescribe, shall be received in evidence in all courts of the city;

(s) To fix ward boundaries from time to time in the manner herein provided; and in general

(t) To exercise all legislative powers of the city, including the power to adopt, continue, amend and repeal city ordinances, except as herein otherwise provided, subject to the approval of the mayor whether

specifically enumerated or not, through the enactment of ordinances not inconsistent with the constitution and laws of the state and this charter. (u) To acquire by gift, grant, devise, bequest or any other manner real or personal property, for public parks, grounds, boulevards, zoological gardens, cemeteries, public buildings and other public purposes, whether such property is acquired directly or in trust, and whether such property is located within or without the corporate limits of the city of Detroit, or within or without the corporate limits of the county of Wayne; and to provide for the appropriation of such funds for the maintenance and upkeep of such property, so acquired, as the common council may set aside for said purpose. (As amended September 12, 1922. In effect September 23, 1922.)

Administrative Powers:

Sec. 13. The administrative powers and duties of the council shall be as follows:

(a) To confirm assessment rolls and to sit as a board of review to hear and determine appeals from assessments:

(b) To approve all contracts to which the city or any board or commission thereof is party, except as herein otherwise provided, all bonds given to insure the faithful performance of any work for the city and all annual reports of city officers and departments made to the council as herein required:

(c) To audit and allow or reject claims and accounts against the city, except as herein otherwise provided; and

(d) To have such other administrative powers and perform such other administrative duties as are prescribed by law or this charter.

(e) To submit to the electors of the city of Detroit at any election, general or special, propositions by law required or permitted to be submitted to said electors, bonds by law required or permitted to be submitted to said electors, questions or matters by law required or permitted to be submitted to said electors, and all propositions, questions or matters upon which said common council desires a vote of said electors. (As amended April 7, 1919. In effect April 18, 1919.),

Council Ex-Officio Members of Certain Boards:

Sec. 14. Members of the common council shall be ex-officio members of the board of supervisors of the county of Wayne. The president of the council shall be ex-officio a member of the pension committees of the police and fire departments. The members of the ways and means committee of the council shall be ex-officio members of the board of sinking fund commissioners, and the chairman of such committee shall be ex-officio a member of the committee to negotiate loans.

Removals from Office:

Sec. 15. In all proceedings by the council to expel a member thereof, or to remove from office any elective or appointive officer of the city, the reason for such expulsion or removal shall be entered on the records of the council, with the names and votes of the members voting

on the question. No councilman or other officer shall be expelled or removed by the council unless first furnished with a copy of the charges in writing at least ten days in advance of a hearing thereon, and allowed to be heard in his defense, with aid of counsel. If such officer shall neglect to appear and answer such charges, his failure to do so may be deemed good cause for his removal from office.

Interference with Departments:

Sec. 16. Except in so far as is necessary in the performance of the duties of his office, no member of the council shall interfere directly or indirectly with the conduct of any administrative department, or take any part in the appointment, promotion or dismissal of any officer or employe in the service of the city other than the officers or employes of the council.

Ordinances:

Sec. 17. All matters of legislation shall be presented, considered and enacted by the council in the form of ordinances. The style of all ordinances shall be "It is hereby ordained by the People of the City of Detroit." No ordinance shall embrace within its provisions more than one object. No ordinance shall be revised, altered or amended by reference to its title only, but the section or sections of the ordinance altered or amended shall be re-enacted and published at length. No ordinance shall be passed by the council within five days of its introduction, except in the case of a public emergency involving the peace, health or safety of the people of the city, and no ordinance shall take effect, except in the case of such an emergency, until the thirtieth day after its approval, including the date of approval, but not the date of taking effect: Provided, that a two-thirds vote of all members elected shall be required to pass any ordinance within the period of five days herein prescribed or to give an ordinance immediate effect in the case of an emergency. Approval of Ordinances:

Sec. 18. Every ordinance and every resolution or proceeding of the council, except such resolutions and proceedings as relate to the matters set forth in paragraphs “a," "b" and "c" of section 12, and any other matters in this charter specifically excepted, shall, before it takes effect, be presented by the clerk to the mayor for approval. If the mayor approve thereof, he shall write thereupon his approval with the date thereof and sign the same, giving notice of his approval to the council. Such as he may not approve and sign he shall return to the council at its next regular session with his objections thereto in writing, and the council shall thereupon proceed to reconsider the vote by which the ordinance, resolution or proceeding was passed and adopted. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the members elect shall agree by yeas and nays, which shall be entered of record, to pass or adopt it, such ordinance shall become effective on the thirtieth day thereafter, or immediately if so ordered in the case of a public emergency as herein defined, and any such resolution or proceeding shall take effect at once, or as therein provided. The clerk shall at the time of presenting any

ordinance, resolution or proceeding to the mayor for approval make a certificate to be endorsed thereon which shall specify the date on which it was so presented, and a statement by the clerk showing such presentation and the date thereof shall be recorded in the journal of the council. If the mayor shall neglect to approve as aforesaid any ordinance, resolution or proceeding, or return it, as aforesaid, with his objections, at or before its next regular session after it shall have been presented to him for approval, such fact shall thereupon be entered on the record of the council. Such ordinance shall become effective on the thirtieth day after such entry, unless the council shall in the case of a public emergency, have ordered it to take immediate effect, in which event it shall become operative on the day following its first publication, and such resolution or proceeding shall take effect at once, or as therein provided.

Deposit of Ordinances with the City Clerk:

Sec. 19. All ordinances, resolutions or proceedings receiving the approval of the mayor, or having become operative without such approval as herein provided, shall be deposited in the office of the clerk of the city, and he shall safely keep the same.

Publication of Ordinances:

Sec. 20. All ordinances shall be published immediately after their approval for three successive days in a daily newspaper printed in the English language in the city. A compilation of all the ordinances of the city shall be made by the city clerk at least once every two years.

Right of Petition:

Sec. 21. The people of the city shall have the right of petition to the council.

Initiatory Petitions:

CHAPTER II.

INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM.

Initiative.

Section 1. Any proposed ordinance may be submitted to the common council by a petition filed with the city clerk praying that such ordinance be adopted by the council, and that if it be not so adopted, it be submitted to a vote of the electors of the city. Such petition shall be known as an initiative petition. It shall set forth in full the proposed ordinance and shall contain a brief statement of the substance thereof, which statement shall appear on the official ballot as herein provided in the event of the submission of the proposed ordinance to a vote of the electors. The petition shall be signed by qualified electors of the city equal in number to five per cent of the total number of votes cast for all candidates for the office of mayor at the last general municipal election prior to the filing of such petition. Before the circulation of such petition for signature, the proposed ordinance as contained therein shall be submitted to the corporation counsel for approval as to form.

Signatures; Affidavit:

Sec. 2. Each signer of a petition shall sign his name in ink or indelible pencil, and shall place on the petition after his name his place of residence, by street and number, and the date of signature. The signatures to any such petition need not all be appended to one paper, but to each paper constituting a part of such petition there shall be attached an affidavit by the circulator thereof stating the number of signers to such part of the petition, and that each signature appended to the paper is the genuine signature of the person whose name it purports to be, and was made in the presence of the affiant.

Examination by City Clerk:

Sec. 3. Within ten days from the filing of a petition, the city clerk shall ascertain whether it is signed by the required number of qualified electors and shall endorse thereon a certificate of the result of his examination as to its sufficiency.

Supplemental Petitions:

Sec. 4. If the clerk's certificate shows that the number of signatures to the petition is insufficient, an additional paper or papers may be filed at any time within fifteen days from the date of such certificate in the same manner as provided in case of the original petition.

Insufficient Petitions:

Sec. 5. Upon the filing of such additional paper or papers, the clerk. shall attach the same to the original petition, and shall within ten days thereafter, examine such additional paper or papers as so attached, and certify the result. If the petition as a whole is still insufficient, or if no additional paper or papers shall have been filed, the clerk shall file the petition in his office and shall notify the council to the effect that a petition has been filed in his office, but that the number of signatures thereto is insufficient, and shall state the substance of the petition, the number of signatures required and the number of signatures attached thereto. The filing of an insufficient petition shall not prejudice the filing of a new petition for the same purpose.

Presentation to Common Council:

Sec. 6. If the certificate of the clerk shows that the petition is sufficient, he shall present the proposed ordinance to the common council at its next regular meeting. The council shall at once proceed to consider the proposed ordinance, and shall take final action thereon within thirty days from the date of the presentation thereof. If the council fails to adopt the proposed ordinance as presented, or if adopted and the mayor shall veto the ordinance and the council fail to enact it over the mayor's veto, then it shall be submitted to the vote of the electors in the manner herein provided.

Submission of Ordinance:

Sec. 7. Such initiative ordinance shall be submitted at the next regular city or state election held thereafter, or at any primary election,