years, he was lecturer at one of the churches in Cambridge; in which place his holy, learned, and judicious sermons were made a blessing to multitudes. October 26, 1578, he preached the sermon at Paul's cross. This sermon appears to have been the only article he ever published. About the same time, he was appointed, by an order of parliament, to be preacher at the Middle Temple, and to have a salary of twenty pounds a year, to be raised by the contributions of the house. In the year 1584, when Sir Walter Mildmay founded Emanuel college, he made choice of Dr. Chadderton to be the first master. But, on account of his great modesty, he was extremely reluctant to undertake the charge; which, when Sir Walter discovered, he said, "If you will not be the master, I will not be the founder of the college."+ Upon this, he complied, and continued in this office thirty-eight years. During the whole of this period, his deportment was agreeable to the expectations of the worthy founder. By his active and laudable endeavours, the funds of the institution were greatly enriched. He paid the most exact attention to the religion and learning of the scholars. Many persons of distinguished eminence were his pupils, among whom was Mr. William Bedell, afterwards bishop of Kilmore in Ireland.‡ This learned prelate always retained the highest opinion of his venerable tutor. After he was made provost of Dublin college, and introduced to a friendly correspondence with the celebrated Usher, he could not make mention of his name without particular sensations of pleasantry and esteem. "The arts of dutiful obedience, and just ruling also in part," says he, "I did seventeen years endeavour to MS. Chronology, vol. iii. A. D. 1640, p. 4. + Sir Walter was an avowed enemy to superstition, a zealous promoter of religion, and ever forward to advance a further reformation in the church. Coming to court, after he had founded the above college, the queen addressed him, saying, "Sir Walter, I hear you have erected a puritan foundation." "No, madam," said he, "far be it from me to countenance any thing contrary to your laws: but I have set an acorn, which, when it becomes an oak, God alone knows what will be the fruit of it." This college, it is added, became the very nursery of puritans. Moreover, when Sir Walter founded this college, he, to counteract the influence of superstition, ordered the chapel belonging to it, to stand in the direction of north and south; but, curious as it may appear, the building in this position, being nonconformable, became an offence to the ruling prelates, and as a punishment for standing thus, it was pulled down in the reign of Charles II. and erected in the position of east and west.-Fuller's Hist. of Cam. p. 147.-MS. Remarks, p. 495.-Prynne's Cant. Doome, p. 369. Biog. Britan. vol. ii, p. 133. Edit. 1778. learn, under that good father Dr. Chadderton, in a welltempered society: the cunning tricks of packing, siding, bandying, and skirmishing, with and between great men, I confess myself ignorant in, and am now, I fear, too old to be taught." Dr. Chadderton, in the year 1622, resigned his mastership to the famous Dr. Preston, lest he should be succeeded by a person of Arminian principles; but he survived Preston, and lived to see Dr. Sancroft, and, after him, Dr. Holdsworth, in the same office. It Dr. Chadderton was a decided puritan, but a divine of great moderation. He united with his brethren in their classical associations, and subscribed the "Book of Discipline." In the year 1603, he was one of the puritan divines nominated by King James to attend the Hamptoncourt conference. Echard, by mistake, says, that Chadderton and his brethren were chosen by the puritans. is extremely obvious, that they were all appointed by his majesty. Chadderton, on this occasion, said very little; only towards the close of the conference, when he perceived the king was determined to carry all by force, he requested upon his knees, that the wearing of the surplice, and the use of the cross in baptism, might not be urged upon certain pious and faithful ministers in Lancashire, especially the vicar of Rochdale; but his request was wholly disregarded. The tyrannizing spirit of his majesty, and the contemptible flattery of the prelates, so palpably manifest on this occasion, will be a stain on their character to the latest posterity. Dr. Chadderton was a divine of great abilities and learning, on account of which he was appointed by the king to be one of the translators of the Bible: this was the translation of the present authorized version. He died November 13, 1640; but of his age, as well as the place of his interment, our various authorities are divided. Mr. Clark says he was ninety-four years old; but Archdeacon Echard, who styles him "a grave, pious, and excellent preacher, Aikin's Lives of Selden and Usher, p. 323. + Neal's Puritans, vol. i. p. 423. Echard's Hist. of Eng. vol. ii. p. 186. Bishop Bancroft, falling down on his knee, protested, "That his heart melted with joy, and he made haste to acknowledge unto Almighty God, the singular mercy in giving them such a king, as, since Christ's time, the like bad not been." Archbishop Whitgift and the temporal lords were guilty of the like or worse flattery.-Barlow's Account, p. 170-176.—. Fuller's Church Hist. b. x. p. 20. Burnet's Hist. of Refor. vol. ii. Rec. p. 367. affirms that he died in the hundred and fifth year of his age. His remains, says Mr. Clark, were interred in St. Andrew's church, Cambridge; when Dr. Holdsworth preached his funeral sermon, giving him large and deserved commendations: but Mr. Baker affirms that he was buried in Emanuel college chapel, and was the first person interred in that place. The monumental inscription upon a small grave stone, at the entrance of Emanuel college chapel, will correct these mistakes. It is very short and plain, of which the following is a translation :‡ Here lies the body of LAWRENCE CHADDERTON, D. D. in the one hundred and third He was a divine famous for gravity, religion, and learning, and a plain but useful preacher. He was of a very charitable spirit; a strict observer of the sabbath; and a decided enemy to Arminianism. He could read without the use of spectacles to the day of his death. He was married fifty-three years; and during the whole of this period, he never kept his servant from public worship to cook victuals. It is recorded of him to his great honour, that he used to say, "I desire as much to have my servants to know the Lord as myself." If at any time a servant was addicted to lying, or any other open vice, he would not suffer her to remain in his house, though she could do ever so much work. This excellent divine, being once on a visit among his friends in Lancashire, was invited to preach; and having preached full two hours, he paused and said, “ I will no longer trespass upon your patience." Upon this all the congregation cried out, "For God's sake, go on, go on;" when he proceeded much longer in his discourse, to the great satisfaction and admiration of his audience. * Echard's Hist. of Eng. vol. ii. p. 186. + Baker's MS. Collec. vol. xviii. p. 72. Ibid. vol. vi. p. 90.. Clark's Lives annexed to Martyrologie, p. 146, 147. 1 Fuller's Worthies, part ii. p. 117. Ibid. JOHN RUDD, A. M.-This divine was born in the year 1568, and educated most probably in Christ's college, Cambridge, where he became a zealous and popular preacher. He was one of the preachers to the university; and for a sermon which he delivered in St. Mary's church, January 30, 1596, he was convened before the vice-chancellor and the heads of houses, and examined upon the contents of his sermon, drawn into certain interrogatories. He was required to give his answer to each of these interrogatories, which he had no sooner done than he was suspended from all his preferment, and commanded to deliver up his license for preaching, until he should give satisfaction to the congregation, and revoke his dangerous errors. It is observed, that he at first consented to retract his opinions, but after the revocation was drawn up, he refused to do it in the manner prescribed; yet he openly promised, and by the subscription of his hand to the said revocation, undertook to deliver publicly in St. Mary's pulpit, on the 6th of March following, the substance of the said revocation, lively, truly, and bona fide, so near as he should be able. This, it is said, he was permitted to do, in consequence of his earnest petition, out of a tender regard for his ministry, and in full persuasion of his performance; but, contrary to all expectation, in his sermon on the above day, he confirmed his former points of doctrine, instead of giving satisfaction, or revoking his former offences. For this contempt he continued under suspension, with his license called in, and was obliged to enter into a bond of forty pounds, for his appearance before his spiritual judges, on the 28th day of April. After these proceedings, Dr. Jegon the vice-chancellor, sent information to Archbishop Whitgift, concerning Mr. Rudd's offence, and communicated to him an account of the above proceedings, with a copy of the above recantation. This was going the sure way to work. The stern archbishop immediately addressed letters missive to the vice-chancellor, commanding, that if Mr. Rudd still Dr. John Jegon was afterwards bishop of Norwich, when he distinguished himself by his zeal for conformity, and the exact management of his revenues, by which he was enabled to purchase a very considerable estate, and to enrich his family. This, in the latter part of his life, seems to have been the principal object of his attention. His death happened March 13, 1617; but he was thought to have died too rich for a bishop, and to have expended too little of his ample fortune in acts of charity.Granger's Biog. Hist. vol. i. p. 349. 2 G VOL. II. refused to observe such order as was already taken, or should be hereafter taken, he should be bound, with one surety in a bond of forty pounds, to appear before her majesty's high commissioners, April 30th. He was, therefore, obliged to enter into bonds, and was sent to the high commission, when he made his submission, and confessed his oversight. He was then dismissed, sent back to Cambridge, and referred to the vice-chancellor's wisdom, to take such further order with him as he should think proper. But the vicechancellor and heads would not release him without a formal recantation, after which he was absolved, and restored in all respects to his former situation. His recantation was as follows: "Whereas, in a sermon made by me in this place, the "30th day of January last past, I was understood and "taken to have published and maintained certain points of "doctrine very erroneous, and other speeches of reproof "very scandalous to the church of England, and greatly "offensive to the congregation then assembled, namely: 1. That the use of humanity, human arts, and profane "authors, in sermons, was and is altogether unprofitable "and unlawful.-2. That not the tenth part of the ministers "of this our church of England are able ministers or "preachers, but dumb dogs.-3. That a curate, being no "preacher, is no minister, nor doth he edify, any more "than a boy of eight years old may do.-4. That Papists "and Lutherans in Cambridge are lately reconciled and dis"missed; for which the university doth hear ill abroad.' "In all which particulars, my mind and meaning was and "is so far different from the sense implied in these words, that I had no suspicion of any offence thereby given or "taken." It does not appear whether Mr. Rudd made the above revocation publicly in the pulpit, or only subscribed it with his hand. Upon his release from these troubles, it appears that he left the university; and about the same time he became minister of Sheephall in Hertfordshire, where he continued a faithful and useful preacher to the end of his days. At his death his remains were interred in the chancel of his own church, and over his grave the following plain monumental inscription was erected to his memory: Baker's MS. Collec. vol. vi. p. 188, 189. |