GLOSSARY

The page numbers indicate where terms are defined or specially referred to in the text.

Acid, distinctly sour, 53.

Anastigmat, a photographic lens having anastigmatic properties; one which is corrected for astigma- · tism; specifically, one which comes into focus on all parts of the photographic plate at once, thus giving what is known as a flat field of view, 29.

66

Apex, the end of a fruit or leaf opposite the stem, 58. Apical, pertaining to the apex; the apical end is the end opposite the stem.

Areolar, applied to dots on the surface of fruits, which appear to have centers of one color, surrounded by more or less distinct rings of another shade, 50.

Basin, the depression at the apical, or " blossom " end of a fruit, especially one of the pome fruits, 46. Berry, any pulpy or juicy fruit with several seeds loosely set in the pulp; the gooseberry and grape are good examples.

Bisexual, having both sexes represented; said of strawberry blossoms, 74.

Bloom, the powdery or downy covering seen on ripe

fruits, 52.

Calyx, the outer set of floral leaves in a flower; inter

esting to the pomologist chiefly because these leaves usually hold on to apples, pears, and other pome fruits until ripening time, when they may be found in the basin or eye, 49. Cavity, the depression about the stem of a fruit, 43. Chalaza, the mark on the back of a grape seed, 92. Commercial pomology, the business of selling fruit, particularly when the fruit is sold by the grower, 2. Compressed, flattened sidewise, 56.

Drupe, a fruit having one single hard seed surrounded by flesh, as a cherry.

Eye, the basin, with the calyx; applied to stone fruits,

47.

Flat, applied to fruits which are extremely oblate, 38. Folded, the same as plaited, which see; used in the description of cavity or basin, 46.

Hardiness, the degree in which a tree resists cold or other injurious influences. Usually applied to cold-resistance, but may be applied with equal propriety to the power of resisting heat, disease, etc., 19.

Hermaphrodite, having the organs of both sexes; said of strawberry blossoms, 74.

Imperfect, having pistils only, while lacking stamens; applied to strawberry blossoms, 74.

Irregular, applied to fruits in which the horizontal section is not circular; used also in describing the cavity or the basin of the fruit, 40.

Lanate, wooly, with long, soft hairs.

Lopsided, the same as oblique, 38.

Nomenclature, the science of names; or a system of names applied to a particular series of objects;

or a collection of terms used in a particular science or craft, 6, 98.

Oblate, applied to fruits in which the vertical diameter, from stem end to apex, is distinctly less than the horizontal diameter, 36.

Oblique, said of fruits in which the vertical axis and the horizontal diameter do not seem to cross at right angles, 38.

Oblong, applied to fruits in which the vertical diameter, from stem end to apex, is greater than the horizontal diameter, 36.

Orbicular, nearly circular in outline.

Peduncle, a flower or fruit stalk, 83.

Perfect, having both stamens and pistils; applied to strawberry blossoms, 74.

Pistillate, bearing pistils only; applied to various imperfect flowers, but especially to strawberry blossoms, 74.

Plaited, applied to the cavity or to the basin when the irregularities are very deep, and when they appear to be folded, or plaited, 44.

Pome, a fruit having a core normally containing several seeds, as an apple.

Pomology, the science of fruits, 1.

Pomologist, one who studies, understands, or practices

pomology.

Practical pomology, the practice of fruit growing, 1. Pyriform, pear-shaped.

Raphe, the cord which runs from the chalaza over the top of a grape seed.

Rapid rectilinear lens, a photographic lens made in two sections, with a diaphragm between, in such a manner as to prevent the distortion of lines. A poor lens renders straight lines as curves. A rectilinear lens should always render straight lines straight, 31.

Regular, applied to fruits in which the horizontal section is circular or very nearly so. Used in

a very similar sense in describing the cavity or the basin of the fruit, 40.

Reniform, kidney-shaped, 21.

Ribbed, applied to fruits having distinct longitudinal ribs, 40. Rugose, wrinkled.

Self-colored, composed of one solid color; having only the ground color, 50.

Shoulder, that portion of a cluster of grapes formed by a branch from the main stem, 88.

Subacid, mildly sour, 53.

Suture, the depression in the surface of many stone fruits, running from the stem toward the apex,

58.

Sweet, without acidity, and having more or less sweetness to the taste, 53.

Systematic pomology, the description, naming, and classification of fruits; pomological taxonomy,

5.

Taxonomy, the science of classification; literally the science of names, 240.

Tomentose, having a fine, matted, wooly covering;

especially applied to leaves.

Type, a group of fruits showing the same characters.

Unequal, having one side larger than the other, 38.

Wavy, having the cavity or the basin irregular in such a manner that the irregularities look like little waves, 44.