Exercise 37.-In the following sentences pick out the Verbs. 1. The clouds gather. 2. A storm threatens. 3. The clock ticks. 4. The knife cuts. 5. The tailor sews. 6. Roses bloom in June. 7. The gas burns brightly. 8. Annie arrived from Rome. 9. The cat scratched the baby. 10. The miller ground 12. The Romans were 11. Sleep is refreshing. 14. The the corn. good road makers. 13. The sailors are in a boat. butter was quite fresh. 15. The man was very old. 16. The farmer has a new plow. 17. The woman has had a letter from her son. 18. Cows have cloven hoofs. 19. Jack is having his dinner. 20. The king had three sons. 21. The birds are building in that tree. 22. The roses were scattered by the wind. 23. The carpet was beaten this morning. 24. The corn was ground by the miller. 25. The cheeses were eaten by mice. 26. That picture is much admired. 27. Snow had newly fallen. 28. Amelia is always reading. 29. Nelly had often driven the horse. 30. You could not have heard me. 31. Has Bob heard the news? 32. Is William coming to-day? 33. Were the goods sent home? 34. Must you go so soon? 35. When shall you return home? 36. How do you do? 37. A fox jumped up on a moonlight night; The stars were shining and all things were bright. 38. When the rock was hid by the surge's swell 39. Three wise men of Gotham Went to sea in a bowl; If the bowl had been stronger, My story would have been longer. 40. Such a thing I could never have dreamed of. 41. Do you suppose John could have done this? 42. When shall we three be sitting here again? 43. I am told that the water has lately been getting muddier. 44. Had you thought the birds might have eaten the corn? Might you not come, too? 45. WORDS USED BOTH AS NOUNS AND AS VERBS 44. Some words may be both Nouns and Verbs. To decide what one of these words is in any given case, consider how it is used. (1) If it is the name of anything, it is a Noun. (2) If it says something about or to any person or thing, it is a Verb. Nouns. He gave the mule a hard The boy is bringing water. Verbs. The winds blow. The girls water the flowers. Exercise 38. Say whether each of the words printed in italics is a Noun or a Verb, and give the reason. 1. There was much waste. 2. You waste the flour. 3. Dogs bite. 4. The bark of some dogs is worse than their bite. 5. The girls had a pleasant ride. 6. The girls ride well. 7. The walk was very enjoyable. 8. Old men walk slowly. 10. The sailor was put in 9. The laundress irons the shirt. irons. 11. William has too many irons in the fire. 12. Birds fly. 13. A fly is on the window. 14. Cruel drivers whip horses. 15. The driver has a new whip. Exercise 39. Put each of the following words into two sentences, using it as a Noun in the first sentence, and as a Verb in the second. Right. Salt. Blind. Work. Name. Harm. Wrong. Steel. Hit. Pinch. Run. Love. Cover. Drink. Sleep. Guide. Call. Dream. End. Report. Part. Leave. Stroke. Hate. Guard. Change. Stone. Act. Tread. Retreat. Look. Sup. Murder. Mark. Place. Plant. Hurt. Wish. Fear. Hope. Spray. Dance. Fire. Ruin. Sail. Paper. Butter. KINDS OF SENTENCES Read again paragraph 2. 45. When we speak or write sentences, our purpose is 1. To tell or state something, as, "Apples are good." 2. Or to ask a question, as, " Are you ready?" 3. Or to express a command or a request, as, here." "Come 46. A sentence that makes a statement or assertion is called a declarative sentence. The sentence "John is coming" makes a statement. Read again paragraphs 4 and 5. 47. There must always be a Verb in the Predicate of a sentence. In many sentences the Predicate is a Verb alone, but usually there are other words in the Predicate besides the Verb, perhaps an Object or an Attribute (see paragraphs 22 and 25). Exercise 40. Pick out thus the Subjects and the Predicates of the sentences given in Exercises 20, 22, 23, 26, 30, 32, and 34. 48. The sentence "Is John coming?" asks a question. It is called, therefore, a questioning or interrogative sen tence. Notice the difference between the two sentences in each of the following pairs : Stating or Declarative Sentence. Rain is falling. Some birds can sing. Questioning or Interrogative Sen tence. Is rain falling? Has Fred arrived? Did Baby fall? Can some birds sing? Exercise 41. (a) Turn into interrogative sentences the declarative sentences given in Exercise 3, and the following. 1. The knife is sharp. 2. Uncle has come. 3. School has begun. 4. Monkeys climb trees. 5. Richard came. 6. The man stood up. 7. The ink was spilt. 8. The rain has ceased. 9. The wheels can turn. 10. The fire might scorch it. (b) Turn the following interrogative sentences into de clarative sentences. 1. Is uncle here? 2. Did Mrs. Brown call? 3. Will father wait? 4. Did snow fall? 5. Did Jane hear? 6. Should scholars learn? 7. Must I buy the book? 8. Can he walk yet? 9. May Henry go with us? 10. Shall we have time? 49. In order to find the Subject and the Predicate of an interrogative sentence, turn it into a declarative sentence; thus: Verb-is expected. Who is expected? - Fred. Exercise 42.-Pick out the Subjects and the Predicates of the sentences in Exercise 41, b, and the following. 1. Are you coming? 2. Did John hear? 3. Was he sleeping? 4. Is she pleased? 5. Had night begun? 6. Has spring come? 7. Is mother returning? 8. Was Susan knitting? 9. Will Mr. Robinson sing? 10. Has the fire gone out? Exercise 43. Tell whether the following sentences are declarative or interrogative, and pick out the Subjects and the Predicates. 1. The watch has been broken. 2. Will the watch go? 3. Are these apples good? 4. Did you do this to-day? 5. The paste has become dry. 6. I am writing with black ink. 7. Can you play tennis? 8. I have just bought a new pencil. 9. The oranges have already been sold. 10. Will you have a seat? 50. In telling or asking a person to do a thing, we do not often mention his name; we say, for instance, "Come," "Do come. We mean," You come,' ," "Do you come," but the you is left out, or understood. or Sometimes in poetry and in old English the understood word is thou, or ye. 51. A sentence expressing a command or a request is called an imperative sentence. We state the Subject and the Predicate of an imperative sentence thus: — You is put in brackets to show that it is understood. |