14. If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You all do know this mantle; I remember
The first time ever Cæsar put it on;

'Twas on a summer's evening in his tent,

That day he overcame the Nervii.

Exercise 57.Put Pronouns instead of Nouns where possible.

a. 1. The engineer broke the engineer's leg. 2. The lady missed the lady's watch; the lady had left the watch on the lady's table. 3. Mr. Jones invited the poor men that Mr. Jones might give the poor men a dinner. 4. The thief hid the thief behind a tree. 5. The gentleman mounted the gentleman's horse. 6. The merchants formed the merchants into a company. 7. The captain placed the captain at the head of the captain's men.

b. [NOTE. Alfred is speaking to Edward in all the sentences of this group.] 1. Alfred met Alfred's mother with Edward's just now. 2. Alfred and Edward will see Alfred's and Edward's fathers in the park. 3. Alfred heard that Edward had cut Edward's finger. 4. Will Edward lend Alfred Edward's knife? 5. Alfred hit Alfred with Alfred's

bat. 6. Did Edward hurt Edward when Edward fell?

Exercise 58. Pick out the Pronouns and the Verbs in the following sentences.

NOTE. The following are some more parts (see paragraph 19) of the Verb "be": am, wilt be, art, wast, wert. The following are some more parts of the Verb "have": hast, hadst, wilt have (see paragraph 28). These parts of "have" and the last four parts given of "be" are rarely used now, except in poetry and in addressing God in prayers.

1. I am thy father's ghost. 2. Thou wast not prepared. 3. If thou wilt be here in time, I shall be ready. 4. If thou wert in the town, I should go there. 5. Whence hadst thou the command? 6. Thou art a foolish fellow. 7. I am sorry for thee. 8. I shall be early, but thou wilt be late. 9. Thou wilt have no time to-morrow; to-day thou hast thy only chance. 10. Hadst thou been true, all had been well with thee.

NAMING THE PARTS OF SPEECH FOUND IN SENTENCES

69. The classes into which words are divided are called Parts of Speech. Nouns, Verbs, and Pronouns are three of these classes. In order to make up our minds which class a word belongs to we must notice what idea it expresses and what work it does in a sentence. Thus, in the sentence

Exercise 59.

Say, with reasons, what part of speech

each word is in the following sentences.

1. Job had patience. 2. He controlled himself. 3. It is you! 4. Father bought me flowers. 5. Frank hit his finger; he hurt it. 6. Dogs may bark. 7. Are you eating your dinner? 8. Give me ink. 9. Have fish eyelids? 10. Men should govern themselves. 11. John saw my father. 12. Apples are fruit; they have seeds. 13. Give John his knife. 14. Shall I bring my ball? 15. Your books should have been covered.

ADJECTIVES

70. In the sentence "John is a good boy," good shows the kind or sort of boy.

Exercise 60.(a) Pick out the words which show the kind of person or thing.

1. Mary is a careful child. 2. The tall man struck his head in entering the low carriage. 3. Tom has a large box.

4. The friends went for a long walk.

5. Jack is a dull boy.

7. Ripe apples grew

6. The black cow was in a large field. in the old garden. 8. The green corn is waving in the gentle breeze. 9. The hot sun will ripen the sour fruit. 10. Walter made big blots on the clean page.

(b) Put before each of the following Nouns a word showing the kind of person or thing; that is, showing size, color, shape, or other quality.

Tree. Book. Boy. Man. Road. Toy. Knife. Bird. Grass. Clouds. Rose. Hands. Fire. Point. Girl. Soldier. Writer. Pen. Ink. Butter. Lake. Sea. Cliff.

Exercise 61. Pick out the words which show how many persons or things are spoken of.

(a) 1. A man has one mouth, two eyes, and thirty-two teeth. 2. The hand has five fingers. 3. The landlord owns six houses, and each house has ten rooms. 4. The cat caught seven mice. 5. Thirty days hath September. 6. We eat three meals a day. 7. Twelve inches make one foot.

(b) 8. All men must die. 9. There were few cherries on the tree. 10. Have you any apples? 11. I have no apples.

12. The soldier was wounded in both legs.

13. Most dogs like

the water. 14. In the city are many mansions. 15. There are several ships in the harbor. 16. Some men were digging. 17. Most boys like baseball; some boys can play it well.

Exercise 62.—Pick out the words which show how much. 1. We have little money now. 2. There was much corn in Egypt. 3. Give me some bread. 4. Mr. Jones has more money than Mr. Brown, but less learning. 5. The thief made no noise. 6. The mason could not find any mortar. 7. I have lost some paper.

Exercise 63. — Pick out the words which show of what rank or place in a series.

1. December is the twelfth month of the year. 2. This is the last time I shall ask you. 3. Edward is the sixth boy in the fifth class; his sister is the first girl in the second class. 4. Our father returned on the twenty-fifth day of January. 5. The preacher's text was the ninth verse of the eighth chapter of the first Epistle to the Corinthians. 6. The general ordered every tenth man to be shot.

was on the eleventh day of the month.

7. The second rainfall

71. Some words are used with Nouns to point out what person or thing is meant; as, "this man," "that woman," "these books," "those slates," "yonder house."

Exercise 64.-Pick out the words which say what person or thing.

1. That visitor forgot these books. 2. Will you give me that hoop for this knife? 3. Those hats were hanging on these pegs. 4. The old man lives in yonder cottage. 5. That dog bit this little girl. 6. These apples grew on those trees. 7. Yonder horse belongs to this man.

72. Words that show what kind or how many or how much we are speaking of are called Adjectives. Also a word that points out what particular person or thing we are speaking of is called an Adjective.