STETTANER '0. NEW YORK & SCRANToN CCNsT. Co. and others.
(Court of mammary of New Jersey. October 27, 1886.)

1. EQUITY—CORPORATIONS—INSPECTION or BOOKS—MANDAMUS.

Where a corporation has ceased to do business, and its officers have wound up its affairs, and tendered the stockholders the respective amounts due them, equity has no jurisdiction to compel the officers to submit the books of the corporation to an expert accountant employed by a stockholder who alleges no fraud, or that the dividend set ofi to him is not correct. The proper remedy is by mandamusl

2. SAME—REvrsIoN or NEW JERSEY, PAGE 186.

The powers conferred upon certain courts of New Jersey by the fiftieth section of the act concerning corporations, (Revision, p. 186,) to compel corporations to produce their books, applies only to the special case 0 acorporation of that state unlawfully keeping its books out of the state.

Bill for general relief. On general demurrer.
The facts are stated in the opinion.

J. W. Taylor, for demurrants.

0'. Parker, for complainant.

RUNYoN, Oh. The case stated in the bill is that the New York 6: Seranton Construction Company was incorporated under the act “concerning corporations,” in February, 1881, and carried on its business from the time when it was organized to about May 7, 1882; that its assets were, from time to time, distributed among its stockholders, in pursuance of resolutions of the board of directors, and that on the seventh of May, 1882, the president gave notice to the stockholders that, pursuant to a resolution of the board, the assets remaining in the treasury would be distributed ratany among the stockholders by the treasurer, at his office in New York, on and after that date, upon surrender by the stockholders of their stock certificates, and that a full exhibit of the financial affairs of the company had been prepared for the inspection of all stockholders at that office. It further states that since May 7, 1882, the company has carried on no business, and has not exercised any of its franchises; that all its debts and liabilities are paid and discharged; that it has not been dissolved; that no exhibit of the financial affairs of the company was made, as promised in the notice, but that all that was exhibited was a so-ealled “trial balance” sheet, from which the complainant could not ascertain whether What the directors proposed to pay him was his full share, to which, as a stockholder, he was entitled; that for that reason he refused to take the offered dividend until he should have had an opportunity (for which he then applied) to examine the books with the aid of a proper expert accountant, permission to do which the treasurer.refused to give, alleging that he was, in such refusal, obeying the orders of the board; that the bill stated that thereupon the complainant refused, and ever since has declined, to take the dividend; that, either soon after or shortly before that time, Mr. W. S. Dunn, the presi

dent, publicly promised and pledged himself to give the stockholders a full explanation, so that they could see for themselves that they had received or were about to receive all that was due to them as stockholders, but he never did so, although the complainant, from time to time, reminded him of his promise; that in February, 1885, the Complainant and another stockholder united in a letter to the president, in which they reminded him of his promise, and requested him to give them an opportunity to examine the books with an expert accountant; that in reply he said that the request was a reasonable one; that he had long ago offered to give them full access to the books, and any information they desired; that he was no longer president, and had referred their letter to Mr. F. A. Potts, president of the New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad Company, who had all the books and papers of the construction company, and added that, if Mr. Potts should not give them every facility which they might desire in order to make a thorough examination, he would, if they would call upon him, see to it that such facilities be afforded to them; that they called upon Mr. Potts, who fixed a day (the third day of March then next) upon which they were to come to his office accompanied by an expert accountant to make the examination; that on that day they went, according to the appointment, to make the examination, but they were not permitted to do so; that Mr. Potts was absent, but his clerk handed them a note from Mr. Dunn to them, in which he said that, at the suggestion of the attorney of the company, and in obedience to the request of prominent stockholders and officers of the company, who deemed the demand for an examination of the books by an expert an insult and a reflection upon them, he was induced to say that, while they should personally have every opportunity they might desire to examine the books and records of the company at all convenient hours, such permission would not be given to any one accompanying them, nor to any expert specially employed; that that denial was not because of any apprehension whatever as to any transaction which had occurred in the history of the company, but simply because of a desire to resent a personal affront that seemed to be contemplated by the action of the complainant and his fellow-stockholders; and that if, in the course of a personal examination, they should have need of any explanation, he or the treasurer, if called upon, would cheerfully give it. The bill further states that afterwards, in the same month of March, the complainant wrote to the treasurer, and asked and received from him the beforementioned “trial balance,” and that at about the same time he met Mr. Potts, and remonstrated with him for denying the privilege he had formerly said he would accord, and Mr. Potts said that he had nothing to do with the matter; that he was simply the custodian of the books.

The suit is brought against the company and the directors, and the bill prays that it may be decreed that the directors were and are trustees of the property and books of the company for the stockholders; that, being such, they should make manifest to the stockholders, upon reasonable request, the particulars of the management of the property; that if it can be done without incommoding the management of the business, and without involving loss or risk in the management, the directors should, on such reasonable request, admit any stockholder personally, or by his lawfully constituted agent, attorney, servant, or accountant, or with the aid of such person, to examine the books, etc.; and that no distribution of assets can bind the stockholder, or release the directors, unless the stockholder assents thereto. The bill also prays that the de- _ fendants may be required to give the desired account in this court, and bring the books, etc., into court for examination, and that the directors may be required to pay the complainant his share of the assets. It also prays an injunction against Mr. Potts to prevent him from parting with the books, etc. The defendants have demurred.

The case made by the bill is that the corporation has ceased to do business, although its term of existence has not expired, and that it has not been dissolved. It has paid its debts, and divided its remaining assets among the stockholders. The complainant has demanded permission to examine the books, with the assistance of an expert accountant, and the permission has been refused, so far, but only so far, as to deny him the aid of the accountant. In extending to the complainant leave to examine the books himself, without the assistance of an expert accountant, the president tendered the aid of himself and the treasurer to give all necessary or desired explanation in the course of the examination. There is no allegation that the complainant is not competent to examine the books for himself. There is no charge of fraud or mistake, or of mismanagement of the affairs of the company; nor, it may be remarked in passing, is it averred that the demand was made upon the board of directors, the members of which are made defendants with the company, though it is stated that they have deposited the books with Frederic A. Potts as their agent, and that the complainant has demanded from each one of them the privilege of examining the books, but it has been denied. The general jurisdiction of this court over corporations does not, in the absence of express statutory authority, extend to the power of dissolving them, nor does it include the power of winding up their affairs, except under peculiar circumstances. The rights and duties of corporations are, in general, regulated by the common law; but where there is no plain and adequate remedy at law, and a case is presented which calls for equitable relief, a suit in equity may be maintained. To induce this court to interfere with the management of the affairs of a corporation, or to justify it in so doing, there must be some special equitable reason, some wrong done or about to be done, for which the law will not afford adequate redress; as in C'ramer v. Bird, L. R. 6 Eq. 143, where a company was extinct, and the directors had a surplus of assets after paying the debts, which they refused to distribute. It was there held that a suit in equity might be maintained to compel distribution. In this case it is not averred that the complainant has been or is about to be defrauded in the distribution of the assets. He does not allege that the portion set off to him in the final distribution is not his full share of what was then divided; or that what was set off to him in the former distribution was not his full proportion of the assets which

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were then distributed. What he says is that he does not know whether he has been defrauded or not, and cannot say whether he has received his full share in the former distributions, or whether what has been set off to him in the last one is or is not his full share. To ascertain how the fact is he wants an opportunity to examine the books and papers of the company, with the aid of an expert accountant. So that, until he shall have examined the books, he cannot say whether he has been aggrieved or not in the distributions. It may be that upon such examination it will be found that he has no ground of complaint on that score. He does not allege that any unlawful act has been done in the management of the affairs of the company, nor that any is meditated. Clearly, his only ground of complaint, and only claim to relief, now is that he has been refused permission to examine the books with the aid of an expert accountant. But that alone is not a ground for equitable interference. The law furnishes him with an adequate remedy in the writ of mandamus. High, Extr. Rem. § 308; Rosmfeld v. Einstein, 46 N. J. Law, 479.

It is urged on his behalf that the legislature, by the fiftieth section of the act concerning corporations, (Revision, p. 186,) has conferred upon this court power to compel the production of the books of a corporation. But the power conferred by that section is granted in the special case of a corporation of this state unlawfully keeping its books out of the state. The authority thus given is to be exercised in a summary way, and in a special case. It is conferred, not only upon the chancellor, but also upon the chief justice and each of the associate justices of the supreme court. It cannot properly be construed to confer upon this court any power over corporations which it did not possess before the passage of the act, except that which is specifically given. The act is, indeed, a remedial law, and it must, notwithstanding its penal character, be construed liberally, (Huyler v. Cragt'n Cattle Co., 40 N. J. Eq. 392; S. C. 2 Atl. Rep. 274;) but it will not admit of such a construction as to confer upon this court the power to compel the production of the books of a corporation for inspection and examination in cases not contemplated by the act. This court has, of course, power to compel such production for the purpose of obtaining evidence to be used in a cause; but the object of the application here is to ascertain whether there is any ground of complaint in reference to the conduct of the directors, against whom no charge is made, nor any imputation cast. No reason is presented for calling them to an account in this court, except the allegation that they deny the complainant’s right to have the aid of an expert accountant in his examination of the books, and accordingly refuse to permit him to examine the books unless he do it without such assistance. The complainant sues for himself alone to obtain permission to examine the books, with professional aid, to see whether he has cause for suit or not. Should an opportunity be accorded to him, and should he fail to discover any fraud or mistake or culpable mismanagement, this suit would be at end. Should he find such ground of relief, he would be compelled to amend his bill in order to introduce it. The law gives him an adequate remedy to enable him to discover whether he is aggrieved or not. If he shall find that he is aggrieved, this court will be open to him. The demurrer will be allowed.

SPRAGUE v. DREW and others.
(Court of Chancery of New Jersey. October 26, 1886.)

1. VENDOR AND VENEER—AGREEMENT FOR SUPPORT AND PAYMENT—UNEXEGUTED INsTRIIMENTs—LIEN IN FAVOR OF NEXT OF Km.

An aged couple conveyed their homestead to one of their daughters, by warranty deed. reciting a consideration of $4,000. It was undisputed that the grantee agreed to assume a mortgage of $1,000 on the premises, and to

' take care of the grantors during their lives, and bury them after their death. Two bonds and a mortgage, conditioned to take care of the grantors, and to pay $3,000 at their decease to the other children, were prepared for the grantees to sign, soon after the execution of the deed, but were never executed. In a. proceeding by the other children, after the parents’ death, claiming a lien upon the premises for the $3,000, held, that the evidence, which included testimony showing that the original proposition made by the father (which was made to one of the sons) named $4,000 as the price, and that the daughter had stated to various persons that she was to pay the other children $3,000, must be considered, on the whole, as establishing that the bonds and mortgage represented the actual agreement, and that a lien for the amount claimed should be declared in favor of plaintiffs.

2. SI‘ATME—LIEN FOR PURCHASE MONEY—MORTCACE—PRIORITY—PURCHAsER FOR

ALUE.

A mortgage, in the hands of an assignee thereof without notice of a prior claim upon the premises for unpaid purchase money. is not subject to such claim, although the original mortgagee had notice thereof, and although a large part of the consideration paid by the assignee was an existing indebtedness.

On bill for relief.

Facts are stated in opinion.

Martin (is Conklin, for complainant.

Mr. Kendall and Mr. Van Blarcom, for defendants.

BIRD, V. C. This bill is filed to determine whether Mr. and Mrs. Sprague, two aged people, conveyed all their real estate, and assigned all their personalty, to their daughter Mary J. Drew, upon condition that she should discharge a mortgage on the land of $1,000, and should pay the other outstanding obligations of Mr. S., and should allow a daughter to have her home on the premises during the life-time of the parents, and should keep and maintain the parents during the rest of their lives, and should decently bury them at their death, and should pay to the children of Mr. S. the sum of $3,000; or whether the said lands were conveyed, and the said personal property assigned, upon all of said conditions being kept and performed by Mary J. Drew except the last one; i. e., the payment of the said $3,000. The parents being dead, the contest is between all of the children, except Mary J. Drew and the brother Joshua, on the one hand, and Mary J. Drew and Joshua on the other.

What was the transaction between the parents and the daughter? There is nothing in writing except the deed for the land and two unexecuted bonds and a mortgage. The deed was executed by the parents;