-not the odors of flowers, or the fever germs in the air; not the infinitely small of the microscope, or the infinitely distant of the telescope. This would require, not more eyes so much as an eye constructed with more and different lenses; but would he not see with augmented power within the natural limits of vision?

3. At any rate, some persons seem to have opened more eyes than others, they see with such force and distinctness. How many eyes did Gilbert White open? how many did Henry Thoreau? how many did Audubon? how many does the hunter, matching his sight against the keen and alert sense of a deer or a moose, a fox or a wolf? Not outward eyes, but

inward.

4. We open another eye whenever we see beyond the first general features or outlines of things—whenever we grasp the special details and characteristic markings that this mask covers. Science confers new powers of vision. Whenever you have learned to discriminate the birds, or the plants, or the geological features of a country, it is as if new and keener eyes were added.

5. It takes an eye to see a partridge in the woods, motionless upon the leaves: this sense needs to be as sharp as that of smell in hounds and pointers; and yet I know an unkempt youth that seldom fails to see the bird, and shoot it before it takes wing. I think he sees it as soon as it sees him, and before it suspects itself seen.

6. A man has a sharper eye than a dog, or a fox, or than any of the wild creatures, but not so sharp an ear or nose. But in the birds he finds his match. How quickly the old turkey discovers the hawk, a mere speck against the sky! and how quickly the hawk discovers you, if you happen to be secreted in the bushes, or behind the fence near which he alights!

7. One advantage the bird surely has; and that is, owing to the form, structure, and position of the eye, it has a much larger field of vision-indeed, can probably see in nearly every direction at the same instant, behind as well as before. Man's field of vision embraces less than half a circle horizontally, and still less vertically; his brow and brain prevent him from seeing within many degrees of the zenith without a movement of the head: the bird, on the other hand, takes in nearly the whole sphere at a glance.

8. The habit of observation is the habit of clear and decisive gazing: not by a first casual glance, but by a steady, deliberate aim of the eye, are the rare and characteristic things discovered. You must look intently, and hold your eye firmly to the spot, to see more than do the rank and file of mankind.

9. Persons frequently describe to me some bird they have seen or heard, and ask me to name it; but in most cases the bird might be any one of a dozen, or else it is totally unlike any bird found on this continent. They have either seen falsely or else vaguely.

10. Not so the farm youth who wrote me, one winter

day, that he had seen a strange bird, the color of a sparrow, that alighted on fences and buildings as well as upon the ground, and that walked. This last fact showed the youth's discriminating eye, and settled the case. I knew it to be a species of lark, and, from the size, color, season, etc., the titlark. But how many persons would have observed that the bird walked instead of hopped?

11. Little dramas and tragedies and comedies, little characteristic scenes, are always being enacted in nature, if our eyes are sharp enough to see them.

LANGUAGE STUDY.

I. Write the analysis of: vision (videre); invisible (videre); different (ferre); confers (ferre); movement (movere); motionless (movere); describe (scribere); continent (tenere); intently (tendere); fact (facere).

II. Analyze the first sentence. In paragraph 10 select a complex sentence; a compound sentence. Point out an exclamative sentence in paragraph 6.

III. "Not outward eyes, but inward” (3). Supply the words needed to make this a complete proposition. "Whenever you have learned to discriminate the birds, or the plants, or the geological features of a country, it is as if new and keener eyes were opened." Is this a period, or a loose sentence?

Express in your own words the meaning of paragraph 11.

6.- Glimpses of Science.

THE TWO BREATHS.

boon, benefit.
com-bés’tión, burning.
eom-pēt ́ing, contending, striving.
com-po-şi'tion, combination of
parts.

ĕl'e-ments, component parts.
ex-çĕss', unduly large proportion.

ex-haust'ed, consumed, used up
in-hāle', breathe in.
mi-nūte', very small, very slight.
nox'ious, harmful, injurious.
Ŏx'y-ġen, a gas, one of the chen.
ical elements.

phyş'ie-al, pertaining to nature.

PREPARATORY NOTES.

The author of this piece, Rev. Charles Kingsley (1819-1875), was a distinguished English novelist and essayist, and an agreeable writer for the young. His style is popular and interesting.

(4) Highland: relating to the Highlands of Scotland. - (5) Grotto del Cane (kä'nā) is Italian for dog's cave. — (5) Black Hole of Calcutta: a dungeon in Fort William, Calcutta, eighteen feet square, having two barred windows. Here, June 20, 1756, one hundred and forty-six British prisoners were shut up by their Hindu captors for the night. Only twenty-three survived till morning.

1. I call this lesson "The Two Breaths," not merely "The Breath," and for this reason: every time you breathe, you breathe two different breaths; you take in one, you give out another. The composition of these two breaths is different. Their effects are different. The breath which has been breathed out must not be breathed in again.

2. That the breath breathed out is very different from the breath breathed in, may be shown in many

ways. For instance, if a child be allowed to get into the habit of sleeping with its head under the bedclothes, and thereby breathing its own breath over and over again, that child will surely grow pale, weak, and ill. Medical men have cases on record of serious disease appearing in children previously healthy, which could only be accounted for from this habit, and which ceased when the habit stopped.

3. Take a second instance, which is only too common. If you are in a crowded room, with plenty of fire and lights and company, with doors and windows all shut tight, how often you feel faint,- -so faint, that you may require smelling salts or some other stimulant! The cause of your faintness is, that you and your friends, and the fire and the candles, have been all breathing one another's breaths over and over again, till the air has become unfit to support life.

4. You are doing your best to enact over again the Highland tragedy, when, at a Christmas meeting, thirty-six persons danced all night in a small room with a low ceiling, keeping the doors and windows shut. The atmosphere of the room was noxious beyond description; and the effect was, that seven of the party were soon after seized with typhus fever, of which two died.

5. You are inflicting on yourselves the torments of the poor dog who is kept at the Grotto del Cane, near Naples, to be stupefied, for the amusement of visitors, by the carbonic-acid gas of the grotto, and brought to