“A” System of Logic Ratiocinative and InductiveLongmans, Green, 1889 - 622 páginas |
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Términos y frases comunes
affirmed animal antecedent applied Archbishop Whately argument ascer ascertained assertion attri attributes axioms believe body called cause circumstances co-existence colour common conceive conception conclusion connotation consequent considered deductive definition denoted distinction doctrine duction earth effect ellipse ence equal evidence example exist experience expression fact follow force generalisation genus ground hypothesis idea inconceivable individual induction inference inquiry instance invariable John Herschel kind known law of causation laws of nature Logic major premise mark meaning men are mortal ment mental merely Method of Agreement Method of Difference mind mode mortal motion necessary objects observation particular pheno phenomena phenomenon philosophers planets position possess predicate premises principle produced properties proposition proved quantity ratiocination reason resemblance result scientific sensations sense Sir William Hamilton Socrates species stances substances supposed supposition syllogism term theory things tion true truth uniformity universal Whewell word
Pasajes populares
Página 256 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Página 213 - To certain facts, certain facts always do, and, as we believe, will continue to, succeed. The invariable antecedent is termed the cause ; the invariable consequent the effect. And the universality of the law of causation consists in this, that every consequent is connected in this manner with some particular antecedent or set of antecedents.
Página 260 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.
Página 206 - Why is a single instance, in some cases, sufficient for a complete induction ; while in others, myriads of concurring instances, without a single exception known or presumed, go such a very little way towards establishing a universal proposition ? Whoever can answer this question, knows more of the philosophy of logic than the wisest of the ancients, and has solved the problem of induction.
Página 213 - The Law of Causation, the recognition of which is the main pillar of inductive science, is but the familiar truth, that invariability of succession is found by observation to obtain between every fact in nature and some other fact which has preceded it...
Página 283 - The business of Inductive Logic is to provide rules and models (such as the Syllogism and its rules are for ratiocination) to which if inductive arguments conform, those arguments are conclusive, and not otherwise.
Página 114 - Nevertheless, neither the dictum de omni et nutto — " that whatever can be affirmed (or denied) of a class may be affirmed (or denied) of everything included in the class;
Página 86 - The simplest and most correct notion of a Definition is, a proposition declaratory of the meaning of a word; namely, either the meaning which it bears in common acceptation, or that which the speaker or writer, for the particular purposes of his discourse, intends to annex to it.
Página 588 - It makes entire abstraction of every other human passion or motive ; except those which may be regarded as perpetually antagonizing principles to the desire of wealth ; namely, aversion to labour, and desire of the present enjoyment of costly indulgences.
Página 116 - All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is mortal, the subject and predicate of the major premiss are connotative terms, denoting objects and connoting attributes.