which then become inflamed and swollen; a tumor, containing offensive, yellowish, cheesy matter, sometimes develops.

The

course of the disease may extend over several weeks or months and there may be cases of chronic roup. Some cases end fatally

in a comparatively short time. The form of the disease, in which yellowish patches develop on the throat, is dealt with under diphtheria or diphtheritic roup.

Cause. Cases of roup occur when birds are subjected to draft and damp, but the cause must be infection with disease germs. It is believed that the almost constant presence of the germs is due to lack of regular disinfection and to birds in the flock believed to have recovered from a previous attack of the disease, but that, in reality, are suffering from chronic roup, and are able, whenever suitable conditions arise for an outbreak of this disease, to infect the rest of the flock through the drinking water and the soil.

Treatment. The seriousness of this disease makes it imperative for the poultry rearer to isolate immediately any birds showing any suspicious symptoms. If treatment of the infected bird is taken in hand early, and carried out faithfully, a cure can be effected, but it is often wiser to kill and burn infected stock. In treating

birds, the mouth and nostrils should be washed out with 5% carbolic acid, or with 50% hydrogen peroxide, or with 2% permanganate of potash. It is important to clean out the passage of the nostrils, and this may be done by:

1. Pressing against the roof of the bird's mouth from inside and

squeezing the nostrils from above downwards.

2. Syringing out the nostrils.

3. Dipping the fowl's head for a few seconds in a solution of the disinfectant. Great care should be exercised in this method of

treatment, which is only recommended when permanganate of potash is used.

It is well to keep birds isolated for some time after apparent recovery. When the eye is affected (see Fig. 20), the tumor should be carefully lanced and the cheesy matter removed, after which the cavity should be rinsed out with one of the dis

infectants recommended above; such treatment may have to be repeated time after time.

As an after effect of a cold or of roup, conjunctivitis or sore eyes may develop. A discharge comes from the eyes and the eye

lids become stuck together. Bathe the eyes with hydrogen peroxide mixed with an equal quantity of water.

If this condition follows an attack of roup, there is danger that the fowl has not entirely recovered, and may be a source of infection to the rest of the flock.

SCALY LEG

An unsightly affection that, although contagious, does not spread rapidly

Symptoms. A rough and scaly growth on the legs of the bird.

Cause. A small mite (Fig. 22), known as Sarcoptes mutans, burrows in the skin

and gives rise to the unsightly growth (Fig. 21) that gives this disease its name.

Treatment. Soften the scaly growth by washing and soaking the legs with warm water and soap. Scrub the affected portion