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DLASTASE

25

DICHOTOMOUS

in guiano.

water.

In a

tervals in music, as the major third, major the microscope. The species consist of which have not more than two pits or fossa sixth, and major seventh.

single free cells, or the cells remain attached I on the head. Diastase (di'as-tās), n. [See DIASTASIS.) so as to form linear, flabelliform, circular, Dibranchiata (di-brangk-i-ā'ta), n. pl. [Gr. A substance existing in barley, onts, and or geniculate fronds, or in some cases the prefix di, and branchia, gills. ] An order of potatoes, but only after germination, and cells or frustules are inclosed in a trans- cephalopods in which the branchiæ are two so called because when in solution it pos- parent gelatinous sheath or frond. The in number, one situated on each side of the sesses the property of causing fecula or ordinary method of increase is by cell divi- body. The group is divided into two tribes, starch to break up at the temperature of sion. Reproduction by conjugation has been the decapods and the octopods. 150 Fahr., transforming it first into dextrine observed in several of the genera. Diatoma- Dibranchiate (di-brangʻki-át), n. A memand then into sugar. It is obtained by ceæ are found fossil, forming considerable ber of the Dibranchiata. digesting in a mixture of three parts of deposits of tertiary age, as at Bilin, Rich Dibranchiate (di-brang'ki-āt), a. Having water and one of alcohol, at a temperature mond in the United States, &c. Fossil two gills; as, the dibranchiate molluscs. of 113° Fahr., a certain quantity of germin- polishing powders, as tripoli and berg-mehl, Dibstone (dib'ston), n. A little stone or bone ated barley ground and dried in the open are composed of them. They are abundant which children use in a certain game. See air, and then putting the whole under pres

DIB. sure and filtering it. Diastase is solid, white, Diatomic (di-a-tom'ik), a. [Gr. di for dis, Dicacioust (di-kā'shus), a. Talkative; saucy. and soluble in water and diluted alcohol, twice, and atomos, an atom (which see). ] Dicacity (di-kas'i-ti), n. (L. dicacitas, railbut insoluble in strong alcohol.

In chem. cousisting of two atoms; as, a lery, from dicax, dicacis, talkative, witty, Diastasis (di-as'ta-sis), n. (Gr. diastasis, a diatomic radicle.

from dico, to say.) Pertness. (Rare or separation--dia, asunder, and sta, root of They (alcohols) are divided into monatomic, dia. obsolete.) histēmi, to stand.) A forcible separation of tomic, and triatomic alcohols, according as they are This gave a sort of petulant dicacity to his rebones without fracture. built upon the type of one, two, or three molecules of

partees.

Graves.

Rodwell. Diastem (di'a-stem), n. [Gr. diastema, dis

[Gr. dia, Dicæology (di-se-ol'o-ji), n.

[Gr. dikaios, tance. See DIASTASIS.] In music, a simple Diatomous (di-at' om-us), a. interval. through, and tomē, a cutting, from temno, to

just, and logos, discourse.] In rhet. a figure Diastema (di-a-stē'ma), n. [Gr., distance,

cleave.) In mineral. having crystals with

of speech in which the orator attempts to

move the audience in his favour. interval.) În zool. the term applied to the one distinct diagonal cleavage.

Dicarbonate (di-kär'bon-át), n. In chem. interval between any series or kinds of

Diatonic (di-a-ton'ik), a. (Gr. dia, by or

through, and tonos, sound. ] 1. In Greek teeth; thus man is notable as baving no

a term sometimes applied to a carbonate

containing one atom of carbonic acid with diastema, his teeth forming a continuous music, a term applied to one of the three

two of the element with which it is comseries. genera of music, the other two being the

pounded.

chromatic and the enharmonic.-2. In inodDiastole (di-as'tó-lē or di'a-stol), n. [Gr.

Dicast (ilikast), n. (Gr. dikastēs, from diastoli, a drawing asunder, from diastelló ern music, applied to the major or minor

dikazó, to judge, from dikë, justice.) In --dia, and stello, to set, or send from.] 1. In scales, or to chords, intervals, and melodic

Greek antiq, an officer answering nearly to med, a dilatation of the heart, auricles, and progressions belonging to one key-scale.

the modern juryman. arteries: opposed to systole, or contraction.

A diatonic chord is a chord having no note Dicastery (di-kas'ter-i), n. In Greek antiq. a 2. In gram, the extension of a syllable, or chromatically altered. A diatonic interval

court of Justice in which dicasts used to sit. is an interval formed by two notes of the a figure by which a syllable naturally short is made long diatonic scale unaltered by accidentals. A

Dice (dis), n. pl. of die; also a game with

dice. Diastolic (di-a-stol'ik), a. Pertaining to or diatonic melody is a melody composed of

See DIE, a small cube.

Dice (dis), v.i. To play with dice. produced by the diastole.

notes belonging to one scale only. A dia-
tonic modulation is a transposition by which

I... diced not above seven times a week. Shak. The other of the two sounds coincides with the one key is changed into another closely re

Dice (dis), v.t, pret. & pp. diced; ppr. dicing. diastole, and is spoken of as the second or the dias. lated to it, as G is to C, D to A, and so on.

1. To sew a kind of waved pattern near the IVatson. tolic sound. Diatonically (di-a-ton'ik-al-li), adv.

border of a garment. -2. To weave in or Diastyle (di'a-stil), n. (Gr. diastylion, the diatonic manner.

ornament with square or diamond-shaped space between columns-dia, and stylos, a Diatribe (di'a-trīb), n. (Gr. diatribe, a wear

figures. column.] In arch. that mode of arranging

A box from which ing away, a loss of time--dia, through, Dice-box (dis'boks), n. columns in which three diameters of the and tribo, to rub.) A continued discourse

dice are thrown in gaming. columns are allowed for intercolumniations.

or disputation; a strain of invective; abuse; Dice-coal (diskol), n. A species of coal Diatessaron (di-a-tes'sa-ron), n. [Gr. dia, reviling. Her continued diatribe against

easily splitting into cubical fragments. and tessara, four.] 1. In ancient music, a intellectual people.' M. C. Clarke.

Dicephalous (di-sef'al-us), a. (Gr. prefix concord or harmonic interval, composed of Diatribist (di'a-trib-ist), n. One who pro

di, and kephalè, head. ] Having two heads a greater tone, a lesser tone, and one greater longs his discourse or discussion; the author on one body. semitone. Its proportion is as four to three, of a diatribe; one who makes diatribes.

Dicer (dis'ér), n. A player at dice. As and it is called a perfect fourth.-2. A har- Diazeutic, Diazeuctic (di-a-zūt'ik, di-a

false as dicers' oaths.' Shak. mony of the four Gospels; the four Gospels.

zūk’tik), á. [Gr. diazeuqumi, to disjoin Dich (dik), v.i. [Probably corrupted from Diathermal, Diathermanous (di-a-ther'. dia, priv., and zeugnumi, to join.) Disjoin

d'it, for do it.] Do it; may it do. Much mal, di-a-thér'man-us), a. (Gr. dia, and ing. - Diazeutic tone, in ancient music, a

good dich thy good heart.' Shak. ["It has thermaino, to heat.) Freely permeable by tone which, like that from F to G in modern

not been met with elsewhere, nor is it known heat. The term is specifically applied to music, lay between two tetrachords.

to be provincial.' Narex.] certain substances, such as transparent Dib (dib), v.i. In angling, to dip or dibble.

Dichastasis (di-kas'ta-sis), n. (Gr., from pieces of rock-salt, &c., which suffer radiant Dib (dib), n. A dub; a pool. [Scotch.)

dichaző, to disumite--dicha, in two, from heat to pass through them, much in the

The dibs were full; the roads foul. Galt.

dis. ] Spontaneous subdivision. same way as transparent or diaphanous

Dichastic (ili-kast’ik), a. Capable of subbodies allow of the passage of light. Dib (dib), n. 1. A small bone in the knee of

dividing spontaneously. (Rare.) Diathermancy, Diathermaneity (di-a

a sheep, uniting the bones above and below Diche,tv. t. To dig; to surround with a ditch. ther'man-si, di-a-thér'man-e'i-ti), n. The

the joint [Provincial. )-2. pl. A child's Chaucer. property of transmitting radiant heat; the

game, consisting in throwing up the small Dichlamydeous (di-kla-mid'7-18), a. [Gr. quality of being diathermal. bones of the legs of sheep, or small stones,

prefix di, and chlamys, a garment.] In bot. Diathermanism (di-a-thér' man-izm), n.

and catching them first on the palm and then

having two coverings, a calyx and a corolla. The doctrine or phenomena of the trans

on the back of the hand; in Scotland called Dichobune (di-ko-būn'), n. (Gr. dicha, mission of radiant heat.

Chuckies, and played with pebbles.-3. pl. A divided in two, and bounos, a ridge.] A Diathermanous, a. See DIATHERMAL. slang name for money; as, down with the

genus of extinct quadrupeds, occurring in Diathermic, Diathermous (di-a-thér/mik, dibe. Make nunky surrender his dibs.' Re

the eocene formations, presenting marked di-a-thér'mus), a. Diathermal. jected Addresses.

affinity to the ruminants, and coming beDiathesis (di-ath'é-sis), n. (Gr.] In med. Dib, Div (dib, div). (Hind., island.) The

tween them and the Anoplotherium. The final element of many Hindu place-names; particular disposition or habit of body, good

name is derived from the deeply cleft ridges or bad; predisposition to certain diseases as, Serendib, Ceylon; Valdives; Laccadires.

of the upper molars. rather than to others. Dibber (dib'bėr), n. (See DIBBLE.)

Dichodon (di'ko-don), n. (Gr. dicha, in two Diatom (di'a-tom), n. A member of the A dibble; an agricultural instru

parts, and odoue, odontos, a tooth. A genus Diatomaceæ (which see). ment having dibbles or teeth for

of extinct quadrupeds, closely allied to the Diatoma (di-sto-ma), n. [Gr. dia, through, making holes in the ground.

Dichobune, whose remains occur in the and tomė, a cutting.) In bot. a genus of Dibble (dib'bl), n. [Like dibber,

eocene of Hampshire: so called from the from dib, a form of dip.] A pointed instrument used in gardening

double crescent-shaped lines of enamel on

the upper surface of their true molars. and agriculture to make holes for

Dichogamous (di-kog'a-mus), a. In bot. explanting seeds, bulbs, &c.

Dibble.
Dibble (dib'bl), v. t. pret. & pp.

hibiting or characterized by dichogamy. dibbled; ppr. dibbling. To plant

Dichogamy (di-kogʻa-mi), n. [Gr. dicha, in Diatoma.

two parts, and gamos, marriage.] In bot, a with a dibble, or to make holes in for plant

provision in hermaphrodite flowers to preDiatomaceæ, of which the frustules are coning seeds, &c.; to make holes or indenta.

vent self-fertilization, as where the stamens nected together by their angles, forming a tions in, as if with a dibble.

and pistils within the same flower are not zigzag chain.

The clayey soil around it was dibbled thick at the matured at the same time. Diatomaceæ (di'at-o-mā"sē-ē), n. In bot.

time by the tiny hoofs of sheep. H. Miller.

Dichotomistt (di-kot'o-mist), n. One who a natural order of confervoid algae, consist- Dibble (dib'bl), v.i. To dip, as in angling. dichotomizes, or divides things into pairs. ing of microscopic plants found in fresh, This stone fly, then, we dape or dibole with, as Васот. brackish, and salt water, and on moist plants with the drake.

1. Walton. Dichotomize (di-kot'om-iz), v.t. (See Diand damp ground. The frond secretes a Dibbler (dib'bler), n. One who or that which CHOTOMOUS.) To cut into two parts; to very large quantity of silex, which is formed makes holes in the ground to receive seed; divide into pairs. in each cell into three portions, viz., two a dibble.

Dichotomous (di-kot'om-us), a. (Gr. dicha, generally symmetrical valves and the con- Dibothrian (di-both'ri-an), n. [Gr. prefix doubly, by pairs, and temno, to cut.] In necting hoop. The valves are very various di, and bothrion, a pit.] A member of a bot. regularly dividing by pairs from top to in forms, and covered with beautiful sculp- division of the Entozoa, including those bottom; as, a dichotomous stem. A good turings, so as to form exquisite objects for tape-worms of the family Bothriocephala example of a dichotomous stem is furnished DICHOTOMOUSLY

26

DICTION

.e

by the mistletoe. -Dichotuinous corymbed, driver, who sai, of course, in his own paracunar little Dicta. See DICTUM. composed of corymbs, in which the pedicles

distry at the side.

Dikens. Dictament (dik-ta men), n. A dictation; divide and sul livide by pairs,

On the ducky before is seated a heap (f great cats,

a precept; an injunction Lord Falkland Dichotomously (di kot'om-us-li), ado. In

with a straw ha! co the top of them, wide the run Dictamnus («lik- tam'mus), n. (A name a lichotumoils manner.

butin exhibits a male and female shruding theme ad pied from Virgil, from Dicte, a moun. Dichotomy (di-kot'om-i), n (Gr. dichotomia, seives under the coverture of the same ask.

tain in Crete, where the plant abounds )

The keepsake, 1829. a division into two parts-dicha, and temno,

In bot. (a) a small genus of plants found in 4. An ass, male or female. to cut.] 1+ A cutting in two; division.

southern Europe, Asia Minor, &c., nat. order ' A general breach or dichotomy with their Dicksonia (dik-so'ni-a), n. [Fr James Rutacea. D. Fraxinella and D. a are church' Sir T. Broune. - 2 In logic, division Dickson, a Scotch botanist) A genus of both cultivated in gardens for their fra. or distribution of ideas by pairs; especially, tree-ferns with large much-livided fronds, grant leaves See FRAXINELLA (6) The the division of a class into two sub-classes and the spores inclosed in a coriaceous two-, dittany of Crete. See DITTAXI. opposed to each other by contradiction; as, valved indusium. D. antarctica is a great Dictate (dik'tát), r.t pret & pp. dictated; the division of the class man into white ornament in our greenhouses, and is also ppr. dictating. (L dicto, dictatum, a freq. and not white -

enipl-yel as a bedding plant. It is a native of dico, dictum, to say.] 1. To tell with 3. In astron, that of Australia

authority; to deliver, as an order, comphase of the moon

Dicky-bird (dik’i-berl), n. 1. A pet name mand, or direction; as, what God has dicin which it apfor a little binl - 2. A louse.

1 tated, it is our duty to believe.-2. To order pears bisected or

Diclesium (di-kle si-um), i. In but a small or instruct what is to be said or written; to shows only half

dry indehiscent pericarp, having the indu. utter, so that another may write out; as, a its disk, as at the

rated perianth alherent to the carpel, and general dictates orders to his troops, a merquadratures. -- 4

forming part of the shell, as in the marvel! chant dictates letters to his clerk "The mind in bot. a terin of Peru.

which dictated the Iliad' Wayland. --3. To employed to ex.

Diclinic, Diclinate (di-klin'ik, diklin-át), a. suggest; to admonish; to direct by impulse press & mode of

(Gr. prefix di for dis, twice, and kino, to in- on the mind; to instigate; thus we say, the branching by con

cline) In crystal an epithet applied to Spirit of God dictated the messages of the stant forking, as

crystals, in which two of the axes are ob- prophets to Israel, conscience often dictates when the first

liquely inclined, as in the oblique rectangu- to men the rules by which they are to stem or vein of a lar prism

govern their conduct. plant divides into Inforescence of Valeriunella

Diclinous (diklin-us), a. (Gr prefix di, two- Reason will dictate unto me what is for my good two branches,

fold, and klini, a bed.) In bot a term ap- and benefit.
de luta,
showing the Dicho-

Stati Trias. each branch into tomous Branching

plied to a plant which has the stamens in Sex. To suggest, prescribe, command, entwo others, and so

one flower and the pistil in another, as in join, point out, admonish. on This is seen in the veins of fern leaves the oak.

Dictate (dik'tat), n 1 An order delivered; and in the stems of lycopodiaceous plants. Diclinous (diklin-us), a. In crystal. same a command. • Those who servilely confine Dichroic (di-kró'ík). a. Characterized by as Diclinic.

themselves to the dictates of others. Locke. dichroism; as, a dichroic crystal.

Dicoccous (di-kok'us), a. (Gr. prefixdi, two, 2. A rule, maxim, or precept, delivered with Dichroism (di'krő-izm), n. (Gr. prefix di, and kokkos, a berry ) Two-grained; con. authority twice,and chroa, chroia, the surface of a body, sisting of two cohering grains, as, a dicoccous I credit what the Grecian dictates say. Prior. surface as the seat of colour.) In optics, a capsule.

| 3. Suggestion; rule or direction susgested term used to desimate a property possessed Dicalous (di-se'lus), a. (Gr. prefix di, and to the mind; as, the dictates of reason or by several crystallized bodies, of appearing kvilus, hollow.) In anat characterized by conscience. --SIX. Command, injunction, under two distinct colours according to the having two cavities; amphicælous. Prof. suggestion, maxim, precept, admonition. direction in which light is transmitted Owen.

Dictation (dik-tá shon), n. The act of dicthrough them. Thus the chloride of pallaDicotyledon (diskot-il-ë"don), n. (Gr. pre- tating or directing; the act or practice of dium appears of a deep red colour along the fix di, and kotyledün, a cavity. See COTYLE- prescribing; as, you will write the following axis, and of a vivid green when viewed in a DON.) A plant whose seels contain a pair of

passage to my dictation. transverse direction. Mica afforis another cotyledons or seed-leaves, which are always

Bef re the end of the fifteenth century great millexample, being nearly opaque when viewed opposite to each other. Dicotyledons form tary estallishments were in dispensable to the digni'y in one direction, but transparent and of a a natural class of plants. deriving their and even to the safety of the French and Sparish different colour in another.

name from the embryo. They are further monarchies. If either of these two powers had disDichroite (di'krő-it). n. See IOLITE. characterized by their netted-veined leaves,

armed, it would soon have been compelled to submit to the dictation of the other.

Macauity. Dichromatic (di-kro-mat'ik), a. (Gr. pre- the exogenous structure of their stems, and fix di, and chroma, colour.) Having or pro- by having the parts of the flower constructed Dictator (dik'ta-têr), n (L.1. In ancient ducing two colours. on the plan of fire. The class is divided

Rome, a magistrate created in times of exiDichroscope (di'krő-sköp), n. [Gr. prefix di, into four sub-classes: Thalamiflora, Calyci

gence and distress, and invested with unlimited power

His term of office was six twice, chrona, colour, and skopeo, to see.) An floræ, Corolliflor, and Jonochlamydeæ instrument, usually consisting of an achro-, (which see respectively). The class re

months. – 2. One invested with absolute matized double-image prism of Iceland-spar, ceives also the name of erogenix, from their

authority. - 3. One whose credit or authonty fixed in a brass tube, which has a small square stems being formed by additions to the

enables him to direct the conduct or opinion hole at one end and a convex lens at the outer parts in the form of rings or zones.

of others. * The great dictator of fashions.' other, of such a power as to give a sharp See EXOGENS

Pope. image of the square hole. On looking through Dicotyledonous (diskot-il-e"don-us),a. Hav

Dictatorial (dik-ta-töʻri-al), a. 1. Pertainthe instrument the square hole appears ing two lubes; thus, a dicotylcdonous plant is

ing to a dictator; absolute; unlimited; undouble, and this enables the dichroism of one whose seeds have two lobes or coty.

controllable. Military powers quite diecrystals to be tested, since if a dichroic lertons.

tatorial.' w. Irring.--2 Imperious; dog. crystal is placed in front of it the two Dicotyles (di-kot 'il-ez), n. (Gr. dys, ill, and

matical ; overbearing * The disagreeable images will appear of different colours. A kutyus, a cavity. The proper form of the

effect that accompanies a tone inclined to dichroscope is frequently combined with the word is dycotyles, which form is used by Dictatorially (dik-ta-toʻri-al-li), adv. In an

be dictatorial.' Disraeli polarizing apparatus of a microscope. some authorities.) A genus of pachydermaDichroscopic (di-kro-skop'ik), a.

imperious, dogmatical manner. Pertain- tous mammalia, containing the peccary. ing to dichroism, or to observations with It possesses a curious glandular organ on

Dictatoriant (dik-ta-to'ri-an), a. In the the dichroscope. the back, which secretes a strongly-scented

manner of a dictator; arbitrary: dictatorial. Dicing-house (dis'ing-hous), n. A house fluid, which exudes from an orifice. See Dictatorship (dik'tat-ér-ship), n. 1. The

Dictatorian power.' Sir M. Hale. where dice is played; a gaming-house. PECARY.

office of a dictator; the term of a dictator's The public peace cannot be kept where public Dicranaceæ (di-kran-a'se-e), n. pl. A family dicung houses are permitted.

office. - 2 Authority; imperiousness; dog. Jer. Taylor.

of apocarpous operculate mosses, branch-
ing by innovations, or with the tops of the

matism. “That perpetual dictatorship which Dickens (dik'enz), interj. (Probally a fan- fertile branches several times divided It

is exercised by Lucretius.' Dryden. ciful euphemism for deril; comp. L.G. duker, includes some of the most common of Bri. Dictatory (dik ta-to-ri), a. Overbearing; dogdukx, the deuce.) Devil; deuce: used inter

matical. tish mosses, very varied in size and habit. jectionally: 'I cannot tell what the dickens Dicrotic (di-krot’ik), a. (Gr. prefix di,

Our English, the language of men ever famous and his name is.' Shak.

foremost in the achicvements of liberty, will not and kroteò, to make to rattle, from krotos, easily find servile letters enow to spell such a dicta. Dicker (dik'ér), n. (LG. and Sw, deker, a noise made by striking one thing against tory presumption Englished.

Milton. G. decher, ten hides of skin, from L. L dacra, decara, with same sense-L. decem, ten.)

another.) A term applied to the pulse, Dictatress, Dictatrix (dik-ta’tres, dik-ta'The number or quantity of ten, particularly i double pulsation

where the artery conveys the sensation of a triks), n. A female dictator; a female who ten hides or skins; as, a dicker of hides; a

commands authoritatively and irresponDicrurinæ (di-krö-ri'nē), n. pl. Drongo- sibly. dicker of gloves, &c.

shrikes, a sub-family of dentirostral birds, 'Dictature (dik'ta-tūr), n. The office of a Dicker (dik'er), r.t. To barter. 'Ready to order Passeres and family Ampelidæ. dicker and to swap' Cooper. (American ]

In dictator; dictatorship; absolute authority.

general appearance they resemble crows. Bacon. Dickey, Dicky (dik'i), n. (In first two The sub-family includes the bee-eater of Diction (dik’shon), n. [L. dictio, from dico, senses probally connected with D. dekken,

South Africa, called by the Hottentots Gdecken, A. Sax. theccan, to cover.

to speak) Expression of ideas by words; In the

devil-bird, from their believing it to be confourth sense (perhaps also in some of the

style; manner of expression; choice or selecnected with their sorcerers, Dicrurus macro- tion of words. others) may be diminutive of Richard; comp.

cereus, the king of the crows of Bengal, D. jack in jackass.) 1. A leather apron; a child's

The miserable failure of Dryden in his attempt to bib.-- 2. A shirt-front; a front worn over the cristatus and D. musicus, whose notes have translate into his own diction some parts of Paradise

Lost been compared to those of the thrush

Macaxlay. breast in place of a shirt, or to hide a shirt which the wearer does not wish to be seen

and nightingale. The Dicrurinæ are found Diction, Phraseology, Style. Diction refers 3. The seat in a carriage on which the driver

in India, China, Madagascar, and South chiefly to the language adopted, the words sits, whether in front or not; the seat at the Africa

used, in any piece of composition; phraseback part of a carriage for servants, &c.

Dicrurus (di-krö'rus). n. A genus of passer- ology refers more to the manner of framing

| ine birds of the family Ampelidæ and sub- the phrases, clauses, and sentences; style Three people were squeezed into it besides the family Dicrurinæ (which see).

includes both, referring to the thoughts as DICTIONARIAN

27

DIE

well as the words in which they are ex. Didactically (di-dak'tik-al-li), adv. In a opossums of Guiana and Brazil have this pressed, and especially comprehends the didactic manner; in a form to teach.

organ in a rudimentary condition. The niceties and beauties, the higher or artistic Didactics (di-dak’tiks), n. The art or science generic name was formerly used to include qualities of the composition. of teaching

all the animals now grouped under DidelThe style of Burke was enriched with all the higher Didactyl, Didactyle (di-dak'til), a. (Gr. phia (which see). graces of composition; his diction was varied and

prefix di, and daktylos, the finger.] Having Diden, pret. pl. from do. Did. Chaucer. copious; his phraseology at times was careless and cumbersome.

Goodrich
two toes or two fingers.

Dididæ (di'di-dē), n. pl. A family of birds of Dictionarian (dik-shon-āʼri-an), n. The Didactyl, Didactyle (di-dak’til), n. An anicompiler of a dictionary; a lexicographer. Didactylous (di-dak’til-us), a. Two-toed or Didine (di'dīn), a. Pertaining to the family mal having two toes only.

which the genus Didus is the type. See

DODO.
Dawson. (Rare.)
Dictionary (dik'shon-a-ri), n. (Fr. diction-
two-fingered; having two toes only.

Dididæ. naire, from L L. dictionarium, from le dic: Didapper (did'ap-ér), n: [For divedapper Didodecahedral (di-dö'de-ka-hē"dral), a. tio, a saying, a word.) 1. A book containing (Shak.), from dive, and dap=dip. See DAB

[Gr. prefix di, and E. dodecahedral.] In the words of a language arranged in alpha

CHICK.) The dab-chick (Podiceps minor); crystal. having the form of a dodecahedral betical order, with explanations or defini. Didascalar, Didascalic (di-das’ka-ler, di- Didrachm, Didrachma (di’dram, di-drak’:

the little grebe, which dives into the water. prism with hexahedral summits.
tions of their meanings; a lexicon; a vo-
cabulary; a word-book. In addition to de-

das-kal'ik), a. (Gr. didaskalikos, from di-
dasko, to teach. ) Didactic; preceptive;

ma), n. [Gr.) A piece of money, the fourth finitions, the larger dictionaries give the

of an ounce of silver. etymology, pronunciation, and different Didder (did'der), v. [Same word as diddle, giving precepts. (Rare.)

Didst (didst). The second pers. of the pret.

of do. forms of spelling of the words, and occasionally are enriched with illustrative engrav

to tremble and to deceive; A. Sax. dyderian, Diducement+ (di-düs'ment), n. Division; ings, &c. -2. Any work which professes to

to deceive, originally probably to deceive separation into distinct parts. communicate information on an entire sub

by rapid movements of sleight of hand; akin Diduction (di-duk'shon), n. [L. diductioject or branch of a subject, under words or

to Prov. E. dadder, dodder, to shake or di for dis, implying separation, and duco, heads arranged alphabetically; as, a biogra

tremble; G. zittern, to tremble; E. totter, to draw.] Separation by withdrawing one

and perhaps titter. See Wedgwood's explaphical dictionary. - Vocabulary, Dictionary,

part from the other.

nation under DIDDLE.) To shiver with or Diductively (di-duk’tiv-li), adv. By diducGlossary. See under VOCABULARY.

as with cold. Sherwood. _(Provincial.] --)

tion or separation. Sir T. Browne. taining to, contained in,

or given

by a dic: Diddle (did'ai), v. t. (See DİDDER. To move Didus (di'dus), n. The generic name for the tionary or dictionaries. The dictionary

rapidly backwards and forwards; hence, to dodo (which see). meaning of this term.' J. S. Mill.

employ action to occupy the attention, so Didym, Didymium (di'dim, di-di'mi-um),

as to deceive when performing juggling Dictum (dik'tum), n. pl. Dicta (dik'ta). (L.)

n. [Gr. didymos, double, twofold, twin.] 1. In law, an arbitrament; an award; the

tricks. Wedgwood.) To cheat. [Slang.) Sym. Di. A rare metal discovered by sentence of an arbitrator. — 2. A positive

I should absolutely have diddled Hounslow if it had Mosander in 1841 in the oxide of cerium,

not been for her confounded pretty face fitting about assertion; an authoritative saying. Criti

and so named from being, as it were, the my stupid brain.

Disraeli. cal dicta everywhere current.'

twin-brother of lanthanium, which was preMatt. Ar- Diddle (did'ai), v.i. To totter, as a child in nold.

viously found in the same body, whose comDictyogenous (dik-ti-o'jen-us), a. In bot.

walking; to move rapidly up and down, or
backwards and forwards; to jog; to shake.

pounds those of didymium greatly resemble, having the character of a dictyogen; having

and from which they are separated with (Provincial and Scotch.) the general character of an endogen, but

great difficulty. Didymium never occurs

Burns. with netted leaf-veins.

Lang may your elbuck jink and diddle.

free, nor even as a free salt, but always Dictyogen (dik'ti-o-jen), n. [Gr. dictyon, Diddler (did’dler), n.

A cheat. (Slang. )

associated with cerium and lanthanium. net-work, and gennaõ, to produce.) In bot.

Didecahedral (di - de’ka-he" dral), a. \(Gr. Didymograpsus (di'di-mo-grap'sus), n. [Gr. the name given by Lindley to a group of

prefix di, and E. decahedral.] In crystal. didymos, double, and grapsus, a short form monocotyledonous plants, with net-veined having the form of a decahedral, or ten

intended to mean graptolite.) A genus of leaves, intermediate between the monoco- sided, prism with pentahedral, or five-sided, Graptolitidæ, in which the cells are placed tyledons and dicotyledons. Their annual summits.

on one side of each of two branches which branches or aerial stems have the endoge

Didelphia (di-del'fi-a), n. pl. [See DIDEL- spring from a common point. nous structure, but the rhizomes have often

PHYS.) One of the three sub-classes of Mam- Didymous (di'di-mus), a. (Gr. didymos, pith, medullary rays, and circular, wedge

malia (the other two being Ornithodelphia double.) In bot. twin, growing double, as like arrangement of woody matter, as in

and Monodelphia), founded on the nature of the fruits of umbelliferous plants, the anexogens. They are distinguished also by netthe female reproductive organs. The Didel- thers of bedstraw, or the tubers of some

orchids. veined, in place of parallel-veined, leaves,

phia are characterized by the fact that the which usually disarticulate with the stem.

uterine dilatations of the oviducts continue Didynam (di'di-nam), n. (Gr. prefix di, and Dioscoreaceæ or yams, and Smilaceæ or sar- distinct throughout life, opening into two dynamis, power. See DIDYNAMIA.) In bot. saparillas, are the most important natural

distinct vaginæ, which in turn open into a a plant of four stamens, disposed in two orders referred to this class.

urogenital canal, distinct from the rectum, pairs, one being shorter than the other. Dictyophyllum (dik-ti-of'il-lum), n. [Gr.

though embraced by the same sphincter Didynamia (di-di-na'mi-a), n. pl. (Gr. di for diktyon, net-work, and phyllon, a leaf.] A

muscle. The young of this sub-class are provisional genus intended to include all

born imperfect, or, as it were, prematurely,
and are carried in the pouch or second womb

A fossil dicotyledonous leaves, the affinities of

B which are not known.

till perfect. It contains but one order, the Dictyoteæ (dik-ti-ö'tė-7), n. pl. An order of

Marsupialia, represented by such animals algæ, with dark seeds, superficial spores or

as the kangaroos, wombats, &c., of Auscysts, arranged in spots or lines, fronds flat

tralia, and the opossums of America. or thread-like, and occasionally branched Didelphian, Didelphic (di-del'fi-an, di-deland tubular.

fik), ā. Pertaining to the group Didelphia. Dicynodon (di-si'no-don), n. [Gr. di for dis, Didelphid (di-del'fid), n. A member of the two, kyon, a dog, and odous, odontos, tooth.s group Didelphia A fossil genus of animals occurring in South Didelphid (di-del'fid), a. Same as DidelAfrica, and supposed to be of triassic age,

phian. combining in structure the characters of the Didelphidæ (di-del'i-dē), n. pl. A family of lizard, crocodile, and tortoise. Their most

marsupial mammals, of which the genus prominent feature is the possession of two

Didelphys is the type. large tusks like those of the walrus, pro- Didelphyc (di-dei'tik), a. Same as Didelbably used as weapons of defence, whence phian.

Didynamia. the name.

Didelphys (di-del'fis), n. [Gr. prefix di, Dicynodontia (di-si'no-don''shi-a), n. pl. See and delphys, womb.) A genus of marsupial

A, Gymnospermia (Teucrium Scorodonia). C, Sta.

mina. d, Divided ovary. , Section of ditto. ANOMODONTIA. mammals, including the opossums of Cen

B, Angiospermia (Antirrhinum majus). c, StaDid (did), pret. of do, formed by reduplica

tral and Southern America. The Virginian mina. d, Capsule., Section of ditto. tion of the simple verb, and therefore=dodo. This is perhaps the oldest mode of indicat

dis, twice, and dynamis, power, from the ing past time: comp. L. fallo, fefelli; cano,

two larger stamens appearing to domineer cecini; Gr. typto, tetypha; graphó, gegrapha.

over the shorter.) The fourteenth class in In the Teutonic tongues past time came to

the Linnæan system of plants. The plants be indicated not by reduplicating the stem

have four stamens, of which two are longer

than the other two. It is divided into two but by affixing did to it, e.g. Goth. salboded-um, salve (anoint)-did-we, tami-ded-um,

orders-Gymnospermia, having the fruit tame-did-we. This auxiliary did has now

composed of single-seeded achenes, which been attenuated to ed. It is noteworthy that

Linnæus mistook for naked seeds, and in later English did comes to be again used

Angiospermia, with many seeds inclosed in as an auxiliary, but this time before the verb.

an obvious seed-vessel. See ED.

Didynamian, Didynamic (di-di-nā'mi-an, Didactic, Didactical (di-dak’tik, di-dak'.

di-di-nam'ik), a. In bot. containing four tik-al), a. (Gr. didaktikos, from didasko, to

stamens, disposed in pairs, one shorter than teach.] Adapted to teach: preceptive; con

the other. taining doctrines, precepts, principles, or

Didynamous (di-din'am-us), a. In bot. rules; intended to instruct. The finest di

same as Didynamian. dactic poem in any language.' Macaulay.

Die (di), v.i. pret. & pp. died; ppr. dying. Deep obligations lie upon you ... not only to be

[The verb die does not appear in the A. Sax. blameless, but to be didactic in your lives.

Virginian Opossum (Didelprys virginiana). The earliest E. forms are such as deye, Fer. Taylor

deghen, &c.; closely allied to the 0. Fris. deja, Didactic (di-dak'tik), n. A treatise on edu- or common opossum (D. virginiana) has deya, Icel. deya, deyja, Dan. döe, to die. The cation. Milton.

the marsupial pouch well developed; the A. Sax., however, has deâd, dead, a kind of

2

[graphic]

a

DIE

28

DIFFERENCE

[ocr errors]

stone.

cer.

participial form as well as death, death, sible. It is said that West Indian planters tables, commissioners' rules, sub-commissioners' reboth from this stem.] 1. To cease to live;

Disraeli. used to punish refractory slaves by causing

ports. to expire; to decease; to perish; to suffer them to chew it.

Diet-bread (diet-bred), n. Bread medicated death; to lose life.

Diegesis (di-e-je'sis), n. (Gr., from diégeo' or regulated by a physician. All the first born in the land of Egypt shall die. mui, to relate, tell, recount, declare.) A Diet-drink (di'et-dringk), n. Medicated

Ex. xi. 5. narrative or history; a recital or relation. liquor; drink prepared with medicinal Whom the gods love die young,' was said of yore. Dielectric (di-e-lek'trik), n. [Gr. prefix dia ingredients.

Byron. and E. electric ] In elect any medium Dieter (cli'et-ér), n. One who diets; one who This word is followed by of or by to express

through or across which static induction prescribes rules for eating; one who prethe immediate cause of death; by for, to takes place.

pares food by rules. *Sauced our broths, express the object or occasion; as, to die of Dier, n. Same as Dyer.

as Juno had been sick, and he her dieter.' small-pox; to die by violence. Dieresis (di-e're-sis), n. See DLERESIS.

Shak. Christ died for the ungodly. Rom. v. 6. Diervilla (di-ér-vil'la), n. [From M. Dier. Dietetic, Dietetical (di-et-et'ik, di-et-etikChrist died for our sins.

1 Cor. xv. 3 ville, who sent it from Canada to Tourne- al), a. (Gr. diaitëtikos, pertaining to diet, 2. To come to an end; to cease; to be lost; fort.) A genus of caprifoliaceous plants See DIET, food. } Pertaining to diet, or to to perish or come to nothing. Letting the consisting of erect shrubs from North Ame

the rules for regulating the kind and quansecret die within his own breast.' Spectator. rica, China, and Japan. They are nearly

tity of food to be eaten. The year is dying in the night;

allied to the honeysuckle, but have a fun Dietetically (di-et-et'ik-al-li), adv. In a Ring out, wild bells, and let him die. Tennysor. nel-shaped three-cleft corolla, and a two- dietetical manner. By labour and intent study (which I take to be my celled capsule. Some of the species are Dietetics (di-et-et'iks), n. That department portion in this life), joined with the strong propensity called Weigelia in the gardens. The best

of medicine which relates to the regulation of nature, I might perhaps leave something so written known species is D. canadensis, a hardy

of diet. to after times, as they should not willingly let it die.

Múton.

shrub with yellow flowers which appear Dietetist (di-et-et'ist), n. A physician who 3. To sink; to faint.

early in summer.

treats or prescribes dietetics. His heart died within him, and he became as a

Die-sinker (di'singk-ér), n. An engraver of Dietine (di'et-in), n. (Fr. ditine.) A sub1 Sam. XXV. 37. dies for stamping or embossing.

ordinate or local assembly; a diet of inferior

rank; a cantonal convention. 4. To languish with pleasure or tenderness: Die-sinking (di'singk-ing), n. The

process followed by away.

of engraving dies for stamping coin, me- | Dietist, Dietitian (di'et-ist, di-et-i'shan), dals, &c.

12. One skilled in diet; a dietetist. To sounds of heavenly harp she dies away. Pope.

Dies Iræ (di'ez i'rē). [L, lit. day of wrath.) Diffame, t n. (Fr.) Bad reputation. Char5. To languish with affection.

The name of a famous mediæval hymn on The young men acknowledged that they died for the last judgment, probally composed by Diffarreation (dif-fa'rē-a"shon), n. [L. dif. Rebecca.

Tatler. Thomas of Celano in the thirteenth cen- farreatio--prefix dif, dis, and farreum, a 6. To become gradually less distinct or per- tury, beginning

spelt cake, from far, a sort of grain, spelt. ) ceptible to the senses; to become less and

Dies ira, dies illa,

The parting of a cake made of spelt: a cereless; to vanish from the sight or disappear

Solvet secium in favilla,

mony among the Romans at the divorce of gradually; to cease gradually: generally

Teste David cum Sibylla.

man and wife. followed by away; as, the sound died, or Diesis (di-7'sis), n. [Gr. diesis, a division.) Differ (dif'fer), v. i. [L differo--prefix dif, dis, died away, in the distance; I watched his 1. In printing, the mark 1. Called also Double- and fero, to bear or move apart. See BEAR.) figure dying, or dying away, in the distance. dagger. - 2. În music, the division of a tone 1. To be unlike, dissimilar, distinct, or The living airs of middle night

less than a semitone; or an interval consist- various, in nature, condition, form, or quali. Died round the bulbul as he sung. Tennyson. ing of a less or imperfect semitone.

ties; as, men differ from brutes; a statue The curious zigzag with which its triangles die

Dies non (di'ez non). (L.) In law, a day differs from a picture; wisdom differs from amity against the sides of the arch, exactly as waves on which courts are not held, as the Sab.

folly. break upon the sand, is one of the most curious fea. bath, &c; a blank day.

One star differeth from another star in glory. tures of the structure.

Ruskin.
Die-stock (di'stok), n. The contrivance by

1 Cor. xv. 41. 7. To lose vegetable life; to wither; to per- which the dies used in screw-cutting are 2. To disagree; not to accord; to be of a ish, as plants or seeds; as, the plant died held. It is of various forms.

contrary opinion. for want of water; some plants dic annu- Diet (di'et), n. (Gr. diaita, (1) a way of liv- If the honourable gentleman differs with me on ally.--8. To become vapid or spiritless, as ing: (2) a prescribed manner of life, diet; that subject, I differ as heartily with him. Canning. liquors. -- 9. In theol. to suffer divine wrath (3) a dwelling, abode. ] 1. Food or victuals; 3. To contend; to be at variance; to strive and punishment in the future world. as, milk is a wholesome dict; flesh is a or debate in words; to dispute; to quarrel. 10. To become indifferent to, or to cease to nourishing diet.

We'll never differ with a crowded pit. Roue, be under the power of; as, to die to sin.'

Good broth with good keeping do much now and 11. To endure great danger and distress.

[In the second sense differ is followed by

then: I die daily.' 1 Cor. xv. 31.- To die out, to Good dict with wisdom best comforteth men.

with or from; in the first sense almost become extinct gradually.

Tusser. always by from. -SYN. To vary, disagree,

2. Course of food regulated by a physician dissent, dispute, contend, quarrel, wrangle. The system of bribery did not long survive the ministry of Lord North. It may not have wholly died

or by medical rules; food prescribed for the Differ (dif'fér), v.t. To cause to be different out; and has probably since been resorted to on rare prevention or cure of disease, and limited or various. (Rare.) and exceptional occasions. T. Erskine May. in kind and quantity; as, I adhered strictly Something 'tis that differs me and thee. Cowley. Die (di), n. (O. Fr. det, Fr. d., Pr. dat, It. to the prescribed diet.

Differ (dif'fér), n. Difference. [Scotch.) dado, derived by some from L. datum,

1 commend rather some diet for certain seasons
something given, hence what is thrown or
than frequent use of physic.

Ye see your state wi' theirs compared,
Bacon.

And shudder at the niffer, laid on the table; by others from Ar.daddon, 3. Allowance of provision.

But cast a moment's fair regard, a game of dice.) 1. A small cube marked on

What mak's the mighty differ.

Burns. For his diet there was a continual diet given him its faces with numbers from one to six, of the king of Babylon.

Jer. lii. 34 Difference (dif'fér-ens), n. 1. The state of used in gaming by being thrown from a box. Diet (di'et), v.t. 1. To feed; to board; to fur

being different, discordant, or unlike; disI have set my life upon a cast, nish provisions for; as, the master diets his

agreement; want of sameness; variation; And I will stand the hazard of the die. Skak. apprentice.-2. To prescribe food for; to

dissimilarity; change; as, there is a differ2. Any cubic body; a flat tablet. 'Words regulate the food or regimen of.

ence in nature between animals and plants; pasted upon little flat tablets or dicc.'

a difference in degrees of heat or of light.

We have dieted a healthy body into a consumption Watts. --3. + Hazard; chance, Such is the by plying it with physick instead of food. Swift.

She lired unknown, and few could know die of war. Spenser. --4. In arch. the cubi

When Lucy ceased to be;
We shall not then have his company to night?

But she is in her grave, and oh!
cal part of a pedestal between its base and
Not till after midnight, for he is dieted to his hour.

The difference to me.

Wordsworth, cornice.-5. A stamp used in coining money,

Shak. in foundries, &c. Diet (di'et), v.i. 1. To eat according to rules

2. The quality which distinguishes one Sighing that Nature formed but one such man prescribed; as, to diet for the removal of thing from another; the opposite of resemAnd broke the die-in moulding Sheridan. Ryron. disease.-2. To eat; to feed.

blance; as, on difference and its opposite, re6. One of two or more pieces of hardened

Inbred worm

semblance, scientific classification depends. steel forming together a female screw for

That diets on the brave in battle fallen. Cowper.

3. Dispute; debate; contention; quarrel; cutting the threads of screws. In being Diet (di'et), n. (Fr. diete; L. L. dieta, the

controversy. used they are fitted into a groove, in a con- space of a day, from L. dies, a day. Comp.

What was the difference! It was a contention in public.

Shok. trivance called a die-stock. [In the first and G. tag, in the words Reichstag and G. Swiss second senses the plural is dice; the third Tag-satzung, and dag in D. Ryksdag--adiet. ]

4. The point in dispute; ground of controsense hardly admits of a plural; in the A meeting, as of dignitaries or delegates,

versy. fourth, fifth, and sixth senses the plural is holden from day to day for legislative, poli

Are you acquainted with the difference regular, dies] tical, ecclesiastical, or municipal purposes;

That holds the present question in the court? Shak. Diet (di), v.t. To dye; to tinge. Chaucer, meeting; session; specifically, the legisla

5. Evidences or marks of distinction. The Dieb (di'eb), n. A wild species of dog found tive or administrative assemblies in the Ger- marks and differences of sovereignty.' Da. in North Africa (Canis anthus).

man Empire, Austria, &c.; as, the diets of vies.-6. The act of distinguishing; discriDiecian (di-e'shi-an), n. See DICCIAN.

Worms (1495 and 1521); the diet of Spires

mination. Diecious (di-e'shus), a. Same as Diocious. (1529), of Augsburg (1530); the diets of the To make a difference between the clean and the Diedral (di-e'dral), . a. [See DIHEDRAL.) Swiss cantons, &c. - Diet of compearance,

Lev. xi. 47.

unclean. Having two sides; dihedral.

in Scots law, the day to which a party in a 7. The remainder of a sum or quantity after Dieffenbachia (def-en-bak'i-a), n. (After civil or criminal process is cited to appear a lesser sum or quantity is subtracted; the M. E. Dieffenbach, a German naturalist. ] in court.

quantity by which one quantity differs from A genus of South American and West Indian Dietary (di'et-a-ri), a. Pertaining to diet or another. - 8. In logic, the same as Differentia. plants, nat.order Aracea, having large fleshy the rules of diet.

9. In her, a certain figure added to a coat stems 2 to 8 feet long, partly lying on the Dietary (di'et-a-ri), n. A system or course of arms, serving to distinguish one family ground and partly erect. D. seguina has of diet; rule of diet; allowance of food, es- from another, or to show how distant a been called dumb cane, because, from its pecially that for the inmates of a prison, younger branch is from the elder or princiextreme acridity, the mouth of any one who poorhouse, and the like.

pal branch. --SYN. Distinction, dissimilarity, bites it swells so as to render speech impos- Lord Henry would not listen to statistics, dietary contrariety, dissimilitude, variation, diverDIFFICULT

29

DIFFERENCE

sity, variety, disagreement, variance, contest, contention, dispute, controversy, debate, quarrel, wrangle, strife. Difference (dif'fér-ens), v.t. pret. and pp. differenced; ppr. differencing. To cause a difference or distinction in; to distinguish; to discriminate.

In the Samson Agonistes, colloquial language is left at the greatest distance, yet something of it is preserved, to render the dialogue probable: in Mas. singer the style is differenced, but differenced in the smallest degree possible, from animated conversation by the vein of poetry.

Coleridge. Different (différent), a. 1. Distinct; sepa

rate; not the same; as, we belong to different churches or nations.-2. Various or contrary; of various or contrary natures, forms, or qualities; unlike; dissimilar; as, different kinds of food or drink; different states of health ; different shapes; different degrees of excellence. Differentia (dif-fér-en'shi-a), n. In logic, the characteristic attribute of a species, or that by which it is distinguished from other species of the same genus; specific difference.

Whatever term can be affirmed of several things, must express either their whole essence, which is called the species; or a part of their essence (viz., either the material part, which is called the genus, or the formal and distinguishing part, which is called differentia, or, in cominon discourse, characteristic),

or something joined to the essence. Whately. Differential (dif-fér-en'shi-al), a. 1. Making

a difference or distinction; discriminating; distinguishing; special. For whom he procured differential favours.' Motley.-2. In math. an epithet applied to an infinitely small quantity, so small as to be less than any assignable quantity; pertaining to a differential or differentials, or to mathematical processes in which they are employed.Diferential calculus. See CALCULUS.Diferential coefficient, the ratio of the differential of any function of a variable to the differential of the variable.

See DIFFERENTIAL, n. - Differential equation, an equation involving or containing differential quantities. Differential coup

were

fixed on the same axis are made to com- the two balls. As long as both balls are of
municate motion to other two wheels on the same temperature the coloured liquid
separate axes, the velocities of the latter remains stationary; but if, for instance, the
axes differing proportionally to the differ- ball which holds a portion of the liquid be
ence of the diameters of the respective warmer than the other, the superior elasti-
wheels acting upon them, or to their num- city of the confined air will drive it forwards,
bers of teeth. This combination is exten- and make it rise in the opposite branch
sively employed in lathes and boring-ma- above the zero, to an elevation proportional
chines.-Differential motion, in mech. an to the excess of elasticity, or of heat.
adjustment by which a single combination Differential (dif-fér-en'shi-al), 14. In math.
is made to produce such a degree of velocity, an infinitesimal difference between two
as by ordinary arrangements would require a states of a variable quantity. In the dif-
considerable train of mechanism practically ferential and integral calculus, if two or
to reduce the velocity. The Chinese or more quantities are dependent on each
differential windlass is an example of this other, and subject to variations of value,
kind of motion. The two cylinders A and their differentials are any other quantities
B, a little different in diameter, have a whose ratios to each other are the limits to
common axis, and the cord winds from which the ratios of the variations approxi.
the one upon the other when the axis is mate, as these variations are reduced nearer
made to revolve, by which means a vertical and nearer to zero.
motion is com-

Differentiate (dif-fér-en'shi-āt), v.t. 1. To municated to

produce, or lead to, a difference. the pulley C

Believing that sexual selection has played an im. equal to half the

portant part in differentiating the races of man, he difference of the

has found it necessary to treat this subject in great surface veloci

detail.

A. R. W'allace. ties of the two

2. To mark or distinguish by a difference; cylinders A and

as, colour of skin differentiates the races of B; or equal to

man.-3. To assign a specific act or agency the velocity that

to; to set aside for a definite or specific purwould be ob

pose. tained the

In zoology, the vital functions are said to be more centre of the

and more differentiated, when, instead of several pulley C

functions being performed by the same organ, each

function is performed by an organ specially devoted suspended by a

to it.

Page. cord wrapped

4. In logic, to discriminate between, by obround a single

serving or describing the marks of differbarrel,whose ra

entiation, or the differentia.-5. In math. dius is half the Differential Motion.

to obtain the differential, or the differential difference of the

coefficient of; as, to differentiate an equation. radii of the cylinders A and B. Thus, al

Differentiate (dif-fér-en'shi-āt), v. i. ' To acthough theoretically a barrel with a radius

quire a distinct and separate character. equal to that difference would do as well as

iluxley. the double barrel, yet its diameter in prac- Differentiation (dif-fér-en'shi-ā"shon), n. tice would be so small as to make it use

1. The formation or discrimination of difless from weakness; whereas, the barrels

ferences or varieties. The mode of the of the differential combination may be of

differentiation of species.' Agassiz.—2. The any diameter and strength necessary for

assignment of a specific agency to the the weights to be lifted. (See under

discharge of a specific function, as the asWHEEL.) When a differential motion is

signment of a particular faculty in a univereffected by means of toothed wheels, the com

sity to the study and teaching of a particubination takes the name of differential gear lar branch of knowledge. (which see). - Differential screw, in mech., a

The Faculties arose by process of natural differencompound screw, whereby a differential mo

tiation out of the primitive University. Huxley, tion is produced-as exemplified by the

3. In biol. the formation of different parts, annexed figure. The pitch of the threads

organs, species, &c., by the production or acquisition of a diversity of new structures, through a process of evolution or development, as when the root and stem of a plant are developed from the seed, or the leaves, branches, and flowers from the stem, or when animals, as they advance in type of organization, acquire, more and more, specific organs for the performance of specific functions, in place of one organ, as in the lower organisms, serving for heart,

stomach, lungs, &c.; specialization. Differential Screw.

Differentiation is therefore, a mark of higher

organization--the higher the animal in the scale of at A and B being different, when motion is being, the more specialized is its organization. communicated to the screw, the piece

Page. (prevented from revolving) is made to slide 4. In math. the act of differentiating; the parallel to the axis, by a quantity equal to operation of finding the differential of any the difference of the pitches of the two

function. parts A and B in each revolution. Hunter's Differently (dif'fér-ent-li), adv. In a differscrew (which see) is another example of the ent manner; variously; as, men are differsame kind.- Differential thermometer, an ently affected with the same eloquence. instrument for measuring very small differ- Differingly (dif'fér-ing-li), adv. In a different ences of temperature, invented and first manner. applied by Sir John Leslie. Two glass tubes, Difficilet (dif'fi- sīl), a. Difficult; hard; each terminating in a hollow ball, and hav- scrupulous. The cardinal finding the pope ing their bores somewhat widened at the difficile in granting the dispensation.' Bacon. other ends, a small portion of sulphuric acid Latin was no more difficile, tinged with carmine

Than to a blackbird 'tis to whistle. Hudibras. being introduced into

Difficileness t (dif'fi-sil-nes), 12. Difficulty; the ball of one, are

specifically, difficulty to be persuaded; imjoined together by

practicability; incompliance. the flame of a blow

The lighter sort of malignity turneth but to a pipe, and afterwards

crossness, or frowardness, or aptness to oppose, or bent into nearly the

difficileness, or the like.

Bacon. shape of the letter U.

Difficult (dif'A-kult), a. (See DIFFICULTY.] To one of the legs of

1. Hard to make, do, or perform; not easy: the thermometer so

attended with labour and pains; arduous; formed a scale is at

as, our task is difficult; it is difficult to pertached; and the li

suade men to abandon vice; it is difficult to quid contained in the

ascend a steep hill, or travel a bad road. tube is so disposed

2. Hard to be pleased; not easily wrought that it stands in the

upon; not readily yielding; not compliant; graduated leg oppos

unaccommodating; rigid; austere; not easily ite the zero of the

managed or persuaded; as, a difficult man; scale when both balls Differential Thermometer. a person of a difficult temper. --3. Hard to are exposed to the

understand; occasioning labour or pains; as, same temperature, so that the instrument a difficult passage in an author.- Arduous, is affected only by the difference of heat of Dificult, Hard. See under ARDUOUS.-SYN.

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Differential Coupling. ling, in mach, a form of slip-coupling applied in light machinery for the purpose of regulating the velocity of the connected shaft at pleasure. It consists of an epicycloidal train, such as that represented by the annexed figure. The shaft A, through which the motive power is conveyed, is continuous, and the wheel a a is fast upon it, whereas those marked b and c are loose. The two pinions d d (only one of which is necessary) have their bearings in the wheel ce, and gear with the two wheels a a and b. Motion being given to the shaft a, the wheel b, which is loose, revolves in a direction contrary to the wheel a a, which is fixed, and the wheel c c remains at rest; but the motion of the wheel b being opposed by means of the friction-gland e, which can be tightened at pleasure by the screw f, the teeth of that wheel become fulcra to the carrier-pinions d d, and these carry round the wheel cc, which, gearing with the wheel hon the second shaft, communicates motion to it of any degree of velocity not greater than half that of the driving-shaft.-- Differential duties, in pol. econ. duties which are not levied equally upon the produce or manufactures of different countries; as, when a tax on certain commodities is lighter in one country than it is on the same commodities in another country. Such duties are also called Discriminating Duties.-Differential gear, in mech, a combination of toothed wheels, by which a differential motion is produced--as exemplified when two wheels

w, wig; wh, whig; zh, azure.-See KEY.

, Fr. ton;

TH, then; th, thin;

ng, sing;

j, job;

ch, Sc. loch;

8, go;

ch, chain;

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