GEOMANCER 380 GEORGIAN conglomerates, limestones, metamorphic formed by little dots or points, originally on ance of certain geometrical operations, such slates, schists. Fossils: stems and leaves of the earth and afterwards on paper. as the construction of figures, the drawing water-plants, club-mosses, sea-weeds, corals, Geomantic, Geomantical (je-7-man' tik, of lines in certain positions, and the appligraptolites, star-fishes, shells bivalve and jē-o-man'tik-al), a. Of or pertaining to cation of geometrical principles to the variunivalve, and trilobites in very great abund- geomancy. ous measurements in the ordinary concerns ance; in upper beds, fishes, ganoid and pla- Geometer (jē-om'et-ér), n. [Gr. geometrês. of life. Theoretical geometry is again coid. Typical locality: Wales.- Devonian See GEOMETRY.] One skilled in geometry; a divided into elementary or common geo and old Red Sandstone. Sandstones, lime- geometrician. metry and the higher geometry, the former stones, shales. Fossils: sea-weeds, marsh- Geometral (jē-om'et-ral), a. [Fr. géometral.] being employed in the consideration of plants, as bulrushes, tree-ferns, reeds, &c.; Pertaining to geometry. (Rare.] lines, superficies, angles, planes, figures, corals, shells, crustacea. Locality: Devon- Geometric, Geometrical (jē-o-met'rik, jē- and solids, and the latter in the considerashire. Old Red Sandstone. Sandstones and o-met'rik-al), a. (Gr. geometrikos. See GEO- tion of the higher order of curve lines and conglomerates. Fossils: chiefly large crus- METRY.] Pertaining to geometry; accord- problems. - Analytical geometry, Descriptive taceans, ganoid fishes, and a few plants. ing to the rules or principles of geometry; geometry. See ANALYTICAL, DESCRIPTIVE. Locality: Scotland, Welsh Borders. -Car- done or determined by geometry.-Geomet- Geo-navigation (jē'o-na-vi-gā"shon), n. A boniferous. Sandstones, limestones, shales, rical construction, the representation of a term proposed for that branch of the science clays, ironstone, coal. Fossils: very numer- proposition by geometrical lines.-Geomet- of navigation in which the place of a ship at ous and gigantic tree-ferns, reeds, pines, rical curves, or geometrical lines, those in sea is determined by referring it to some palms, &c.; corals, encrinites, star-fishes, which the relation between the abscissa and other spot on the surface of the earth-in sea-urchins, sea and land shells, crustacea, ordinates is expressed by a finite algebraical opposition to Colo-navigation (which see). fishes, labyrinthodonts. Trilobites appear Geonomy (je-on'o-mi), n. [Gr. gė, the earth, for the last time.- Permian or Lower New and nomos, a law.) The science of the Red Sandstone. Red and whitish sandstones, physical laws relating to the earth, includshales, magnesian limestone. Remains re ing geology and physical geography. semble those of the coal measures, but ani Geophagism (je-of'a-jizm), 1. [Gr. gē, the mals less numerous; labyrinthodonts and earth, and phago, to eat.) The act or pracreptiles numerous and gigantic. Typical tice of eating earth, as dirt, clay, chalk, &c. locality: Perm in Russia. - Triassicor Upper See DIRT-EATING. New Red Sandstone. Sandstones, shales, Geophagist (jē-of'a-jist), n. One who pracconglomerates; characteristic product, rock. tises geophagism; one who eats earth. salt Remains: plants few – horse-tails, Geophila (jē-of'il-a), n. [Gr. gē, the earth, calamites, ferns-much smaller than in coal and phileo, to love.) A small genus of creepmeasures. Animals - shells, crustaceans, ing herbaceous plants of the nat. order shark-like fishes; reptiles and amphibians Rubiaceæ, natives of India and tropical pumerous and of great size. Characteristic America and Africa. The root of G. reniremains: footprints of great lizards and huge formis is emetic, and may be used as a subbirds. Called Triassic from being found in stitute for ipecacuanha. three distinct groups. Localities : Britain, Geophilus (jē-of'il-us), n. [Gr. gē, the earth, Africa, India. -Oolitic or Jurassic, subdi and philos, loving.) A genus of articulate vided into lias, oolite proper, purbecks. Egg animals, belonging to the order Chilognatha grained sandstones, limestones, shales,clays, and class Myriapoda, including the G. elecironstone bands, coal, lignite, and jet. Forms tricus, or electric centipede, a species not of life more like those of our own times. uncommon in this country, which has the Remains extremely abundant. Vegetable power of emitting light when excited. life, indicating a climate like that of Aus Geometrical Decorated Window, Ripon Minster. Geoponic, Geoponical (jē-o-pon'ik, jē-6tralia -sea-weeds, tree-ferns, palms, pines, pon'ik-al), a. (Gr. gē, the earth, and ponos, and liliaceous plants. Animals-sponges, equation. — Geometrical decorated, in arch. labour.) Pertaining to tillage of the earth corals, encrinites, sea-urchins, worms, crus- applied to the earlier period of decorated or agriculture. Authors geoponical.' Sir taceans,ammonites, nautilus, gigantic cuttle- Gothic, in which the tracery and other orna T. Browne. fish, fishes numerous and large, notably huge mentation consist entirely of distinct geo Geoponics (jē-7-pon’iks), n. The art or plated sharks. But the most characteristic metrical forms, the principle of verticality science of cultivating the earth. 'Herbs remains are those of enormous lacertian and unity by a subordination of parts being and wholesome sallets, and other plain and reptiles, as ichthyosaurus. Remains of earfully developed. ---Geometrical elevation, a de useful parts of geoponics.' Evelyn. liest warm-blooded animals, somewhat re- sign for the front or side of a building drawn Georama (jē-7-rä'ma), n. (Gr. gë, the earth, sembling kangaroo. – Cretaceous. Chalk, according to the rules of geometry,as opposed and horama, view.] A large hollow spherigault, greensand, chert, and coal (rare). to perspective or natural elevation. — Geo- cal globe or chamber, lined in the inside Plants rare and imperfect, and apparently metrical locus. See LOCUS. — Geometrical with cloth on which is depicted a general drifted. Animals numerous--sponges, cor- progression, is when the terms increase or view of the geography of the earth's surface als, sea-urchins, star-fishes, and crustaceans. decrease by equal ratios; as, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, so as to be seen by a spectator from the inShells plentiful and exquisitely beautiful or 32, 16, 8, 4, 2. See PROGRESSION.-Geo terior. in form and colour, notably ammonites metrical stairs, those stairs of which the George (jorj), n. [Gr. geórgos, a husbandand nautilus. Fishes not numerous, and characterized by their teeth. Reptiles gi steps are supported only at one end by man--ge, the earth, and ergon, labour.) 1. A being builded into the wall. figure of St. George on horseback encountergantic, terrestrial in the Wealden. First Geometrically (jē-6-met'rik-al-li), adv. In ing the dragon, worn pendent from the appearance of bones of birds, and what a geometrical manner; according to the seem to be bones of a monkey. - Tertiary. rules or laws of geometry. Remains resembling those now existing, Geometrician (jē-om'e-tri"shan), n. One and a large proportion identical. Real skilled in geometry; a geometer; a matheexogens appear for the first time; fishes, matician. birds, and mammals of existing families. Geometridæ (jē-7-met'ri-dë), n.pl. A very exTwo great periods-warm and cold. Warm: tensive family of lepidopterous, nocturnal, gypsum, marls, nummulite limestone. Cold or rather seminocturnal insects, known to period: boulder clay unstratified and strati- collectors by the name of slender-bodied fied, shell clays, gravels, &c. The tertiary moth. More than 300 British species behas been further divided into Eocene, Mio- longing to this family are known. The cene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene, in accord- family itself is divided into sixty genera. ance with the proportions of existing species Geometrize (jē-om'e-triz), v.i. To act acin the various strata. See separate entries. cording to the laws of geometry; to perform Quaternary or Post-tertiary. Remains geometrically; to proceed in accordance identical or nearly so with present life. De- with the principles of geometry; to recogposits: clay, sand, gravel, mud, peat, soil, nize or apprehend geometrical quantities &c. Divided into Prehistoric or Post-pleis- or laws. tocene, and Historic or Recent. Prehistoric: Geometry (jē-om'e-tri), n. [Gr. geometria, Irish deer, woolly elephant, hairy rhinoceros, gē, the earth,and metron, measure—the term cave-hyena, cave-bear, mammoth; human being originally equivalent to land-measurremains, canoes, ashes, cave and lake dwell ing or surveying. ] The science of magnitude The George of the Order of the Garter. ings, stone-weapons and implements, kit- in general; the science which treats of the chen-middens. Historic or Recent: deposits properties of definite portions of space; that collar by knights of the Garter. 'Look on now forming. Species now existing or ex- science which treats of the properties of my George, I am a gentleman.' Shak. See isting within the historic period. - Another lines, angles, surfaces,and solids; that branch GÄRTER. -2. A loaf, supposed to have been division of stratified fossiliferous rocks is of mathematics which treats of the pro- originally stamped with a figure of St. into Primary or Palæozoic (Laurentian, perties and relations of magnitudes. Geo- George. 'A brown george.' Dryden. Cambrian, Silurian, Devonian and Old Red metry is the most general and important of George-noble (jorj'no-bi), n. A gold coin Sandstone, Carboniferous, Permian); Secon- the mathematical sciences; it is founded in the time of Henry VIII. of the value of dary or Mesozoic (Triassic, Jurassic, Creta- upon a few axioms or self-evident truths 6s. 8d. sterling: so called from bearing on ceous); Tertiary or Cainozoic (see above), (see AXIOM), and every proposition which the reverse the figure of St. George killing and Post-tertiary or Quaternary (see above). it lays down, whether it be theorem or pro- the dragon. See FORMATION, FOSSIL, ORGANIC, ROCK, blem, is subjected to the most accurate and Georgian (jorj'i-an), n. A native or inhaband STRATUM rigid demonstration. Geometry has been itant of the region called Georgia on the Geomancer (jē'o-man-sér), n. One versed distinguished into theoretical or speculative south of the Caucasus Mountains; or of in or who practises geomancy. and practical. The former treats of the Georgia, one of the United States of America. Geomancy (jē'ö-man-si), n. [Gr. gē, the various properties and relations of magni- Georgian (jorj'i-an), a. Belonging or relatearth, and manteia, divination.] A kind of tudes, with demonstrations of theorems, ing to Georgia in Asia, or the state of divination by means of figures or lines, &c.; and the latter relates to the perform- Georgia in the United States. GEORGIAN 381 GERMINANT Georgian (jorj'i-an), a. Belonging or relat- nected with as many flat styles, consolidated High German, from the eighth to the twelfth ing to the reigns of the four Georges, kings round a long conical beak. These plants century; Middle High German, to the fifof Great Britain; as, the Georgian era. are usually astringent and odoriferous. The teenth century; and Modern High German. Georgic (jorj'ik), n. [Gr. georgikos, rustic- species of the order which inhabit Europe The Old High German embraces the Alemangë, the earth, and ergon, labour.] A rural are herbaceous plants; a few of them are nic, Frankish, and other sub-dialects. The poem; a poetical composition on the subject handsome, but the major part are mere Middle High German is the language of the of husbandry; as, the georgics of Virgil. weeds. Minnesingers, of the national heroic legends Georgic, Georgical (jorj'ik, jorj'ik-al), a. Geranium (jē-rā'ni-um), n. (Gr. geranos, a (Heldensagen), and of the lay of the NibeRelating to agriculture and rural affairs; ag- crane-on account of the long projecting lungen. Modern German is properly the ricultural. The Mantuan's georgic strains.' spike of the seed-capsule.) The crane's-bill dialect of Saxony, which Luther rendered Gay. genus, a genus of herbaceous plants (rarely classical by his translation of the Bible. Georgium Sidus (jorji-um si dus), n. (L.) undershrubs), the type of the nat. order See LOW-GERMAN. The planet Uranus, so named by its dis- Geraniacex, natives of temperate regions German (jėr'man), a. Belonging to Gercoverer Sir William Herschel in honour of throughout the world. They have usually many. George III. palmately divided leaves and regular flowers, Germant (jerman), n. One sprung from the Georgost (jē-or'gos), n. (Gr.] A husband- with ten stamens and five carpels, each same stock: applied to brothers and sisters man. Spenser. tipped by a long glabrous awn (the persist- or to first cousins. See GERMANE. Geosaurus (jē-o-sa'rus), n. [Gr. gē, the ent style). The flowers are usually blue or Go now, proud miscreant, earth, and sauros, lizard.) A sub-genus of red, and are often handsome; the so-called Thyself thy message do to german dear. Spenser. gigantic fossil saurians of the oolite and geraniums of our gardens belong, however, German-clock (jerman-klok), n. An infelias formations, considered by Cuvier to be to the genus Pelargonium (which see). rior and cheap sort of clock made in Gerintermediate between the crocodiles and There are about a dozen British species, of many, or a clock of similar construction. the monitors. which the herb-robert (G. robertianum) is Germander (jèr-man'der), n., [Fr. germanGeoscopy (je-os’ko-pi), n. [Gr.gē, the earth, the most common. drée, Prov. gerinandrea, It. calamandrea---a and skopeo, to view.) Knowledge of the Gerant (zhā-rän), n. [Fr.) The acting part changed form of L. chamædrys, Gr. chaearth, ground, or soil obtained by inspec- ner or manager of a joint-stock association, maidrys, germander-chamai, on the earth, tion. newspaper establishment, &c. and drys, an oak.] The common name given Geoselenic (jē'o-se-len'ik), a. [Gr. gē, the Gerb (jerb), n. In her. a sheaf. See GARBE. to plants of the genus Teucrium, but especiearth, and selēnē, the moon.) Relating to Gerbil (jėrbil), n. (Fr. gerbille, from gerbo, ally to Teucrium Chamædrys. --Germander the earth and the moon; relating to the the Arabic name.) The English name given speedwell, Veronica Chamædrys, a common joint action or mutual relations of the earth to the rodents belonging to the genus Ger- British plant. and moon; as, geoselenic phenomena. billus (which see). Germane (jér mán), a. (See GERMAN-term Geostatic (je-o-stat'ik), a. (Gr. gē, the earth, Gerbillus (jér-bil'lus), n. A genus of small applied to relationships.) Closely akin; and statikos, causing to stand.) A term ap burrowing rodents (the gerbils) of the family nearly related ; allied ; closely connected; plied to a peculiar sort of arch, having that kind of curve in which the vertical pressure Muridæ. They have a long tail, which is relevant; pertinent; appropriate; fitted. tufted at the end. There are several species, is proportional to the depth below a fixed It will give a kind of constituency thoroughly found in the sandy parts of Africa and Asia. horizontal plane, and in which the horizon germane to the nature and purposes of a county re The Egyptian gerbil(G. ægyptiacus), inhabit- presentation, according to the old rule of the constital pressure bears to the vertical pressure a ing Egypt around the pyramids, is the type. tution. Gladstone. fixed ratio depending on the nature of the It is about the size of a mouse and of a clear Germanic (jer-man'ik), a. Pertaining to superincumbent materials. This variety of arch is suited to sustain the pressure of Gerbua (jer by-a), n. yellow colour. Germany: a term sometimes applied to a Same as Jerboa. family of Aryan tongues, otherwise called earth. Gere, n. Same as Gear. Chaucer. Teutonic (which see) Geoteuthis (jē-6-tü'this), n. [Gr. gē, the Gerenda (jē-ren'da), n. pl. [L.] Things to Germanism (jerman-izm), n. An idiom ór earth, and teuthis, a squid.) A genus of be done or conducted. phrase of the German language. fossil squids or calamaries whose pens are Gerent (jefrent), a. (L. gerens, gerentis, ppr. It is full of Latinisms, Gallicisms, Germanisms, found abundantly in the lias and oolite forof gero, to bear.] Bearing; carrying; carrying and all isms but Anglicisms. Chesterfield. mations. The ink-bag and other fragments on: used now only in composition; as, vice-German-millet (jér'man-mil-et), n. A spein addition to the pens occur in the Oxford gerent, belligerent. clay. Gerfalcon (jérfą-kn), n. A species of falcon, cies of grass, a variety of the Setaria italica, Geothermic (jē-ő-thér'mik), a. [Gr. gē, the producing a nutritious grain. the gyrfalcon. earth, and thermos, heat.) of or pertain German-paste (jer'man-pāst), n. A kind of He had ... staghounds, foxhounds, harriers, packs ing to the internal heat of the earth. paste composed of pea-meal, sweet-almonds, for the boar and packs for the wolf, gerfalcons for Geothermometer (jé'ő-thér-mom"et-ér), n. the heron and haggards for the wild-duck. iard, sugar, hay-saffron, and hard-boiled egg, Macaulay. (Gr. gē, the earth, and E. thermometer (which used for feeding larks, thrushes, nightinsee).) An instrument for measuring the de- Gerie, t Gereful,t a. (O. Fr. girer, to twirl, gales, and other singing birds. gree of terrestrial heat at different places, from L. gyrus, Gr. gyros, a twirling, a circle.; German-sarsaparilla (jerman-sär-sa-paespecially in mines and artesian wells. Changeable; giddy. ril-la), n. A name given to the roots or Geotict (je-otsik), a. (Gr. gē, the earth.] Right so can gery Venus overcast rhizomes of Carex arenaria, C. disticha, and Belonging to earth; terrestrial. Bailey. The hertes of hire folk, right as hire day C. hirta, from their being occasionally used Geotropic (jē-o-trop'ik), a. Of or pertain Is gereful, right so changeth she aray. Chaucer. in Germany as a substitute for sarsaparilla. ing to, or exhibiting geotropism; turning or Gerlo-antico (jerlo-an-te'ko), n. Pack A fine, German-silver (jerman-sil-ver), n. inclining towards the earth. Geotropic rare, rich, flesh-coloured marble used for fong; the white alloy of nickel, formed by tendency.' Francis Darwin. statuary purposes in Rome. fusing together 100 parts of copper, 60 of zinc, and 40 of nickel: so named from being Geotropism (jē-ot'ro - pizm), n. [Gr. gē, Gerlond, I n. A garland. Chaucer. the earth, and tropos, a turning, direction, Germ (jérm), n. (L. germen, an offshoot, a first made at Hildburghausen in Germany. from trepo, to turn.) Disposition or tendgerm-probably for gerimen, from gero, to Am German-tinder (jer'man-tin-der), n. ency to turn or incline towards the earth, bear.) 1. In physiol. the earliest form under adou (which see). as the characteristic exhibited in a young which any organism appears; the rudimen- Germ-cell (jérm'sel), n. In animal physiol. plant, when deprived of the counteracting tary or embryonic form of an organism; the cell which results from the union of the influence of light, of directing its growth that which is in an undeveloped state; an spermatozoon with the germinal vesicle or towards the earth. embryo; as, the germ of a fetus, of a plant, its nucleus. Some physiologists question the The powers of growth which exist in young seedof a flower. existence of such a cell, or assert its unimlings would certainly be called instinctive if they ex. When one attempts to keep en rapport with mo. portance in the development of the egg. isted in animals, and they are quite as indispensable dern scientific thought, one becomes imbued with The germ-cell assimilates the surrounding yolk. as those just mentioned in supplying the wants which the notion that distinct creative acts never took and propagates its kind by spontaneous fission, first arise. These two instincts are the power of place, and that the primal germ is our legitimate whence the first cell has been termed the primary directing the growth in relation to the force of gravity, ancestor in unbroken line. Scientific American. germ-cell, and its progeny the derivative germ-cell. and in relation to light; the first being called geotro. 2. That from which anything springs, origin; Brande & Cox. pism, the second heliotropism. Francis Darwin. first principle; as, the germ of civil liberty Germen, Germint (jer'men, jèr'min), n. Geotrupidæ (jē-o-tryp'i-dē), n. pl. [Typical or of prosperity. A germ (which see). genus Geotrupes-Gr. gē, the earth, trupaõ, Mr. Hunter's work on the blood ... abounding Thou all-shaking thunder, to pierce--and eidos,resemblance.) A family in principles or the germs of principles. Crack Nature's mould, all germins spill at once of burrowing lamellicorn beetles of the P. M. Latham. Shak. That make ungrateful man. section Petalocera, in which the elytra are Germain (jer'mān), a. Same as Germane. Germinal (jérm'in-al), a. Pertaining to a rounded behind and cover the abdomen. German (jerman), a. [L. germanus, a bro- germ or seed-bud. --Germinal membrane, a They inhabit temperate climates, and are ther, for germinanus, from germen, an off- series of layers of cells united together which useful in removing disgusting substances, shoot. See GERM.] 1. Sprung from the are formed round the yolk of an egg during as the excrementitious matter of men and same father and mother or from members a certain stage in the development of the other animals. When alarmed they feign of the same family. ovum. -- Germinal vesicle, (a) in animal death. The Geotrupes stercorarius,or watch- Brother german denotes one who is brother both physiol. a cell which floats in the yolk of an man-beetle of Britain, is the type of the by the father's and mother's side; cousins german, egg, upon the walls of which is a spot or children of brothers or sisters. Bouvier. family. nucleus called the germinal spot. These Gephyrea (ge-fi'rē-a), n. pl. [Gr. gephyra, a 2. Nearly related; closely akin. perform important functions in the recepbridge.) A class of the Anarthropoda, com- Wert thou a leopard, thou wert german to the lion. tion of the germ and in aiding its early prising the spoon-worms (Sipunculus) and Shak. development. () In bot. a cell contained their allies. 3. Closely connected; appropriate; relevant; in the embryo sac, from which the embryo Gerah (gē'ra), n. (Heb.] The smallest piece pertinent; germane. is developed. of money current amongst the ancient Jews, The phrase would be more german to the matter, Germinal (zhar-mē-nal), n. (Fr., from L. the twentieth part of a shekel, or nearly if we could carry a cannon by our sides. Shak. germen, germinis, a shoot, a sprout.) The three halfpennies. Ex. xxx. 13. German (jerman), n. 1. A native or inhabit- seventh month of the first French repubGeraniaceæ (jē-rá'ni-8"sē-7), n. [See GERA- ant of Germany. -2. The language of the lican calendar, commencing March 21 and NIUM.) A nat. order of exogens, the dis- higher and more southern districts of Ger- ending April 19. tinguishing character of which is to have a many, and the literary language of all Ger- Germinant (jerm'in-ant), a. (L. germinans, fruit composed of five cocci or cases, con- many. It is divided into three periods-Old germinantis, ppr. of germino. See GER GERMINATE 382 GESTICULATORY MINATE.) Sprouting; beginning to grow; ment consists in endeavouring to exclude Gervillia (jér-vil'li-a), n. (After M. Gerville, growing; gradually developing. germs or effect their destruction by the a French naturalist. s A genus of conchifers Prophecies are not fulfilled punctually, at once, agency chiefly of carbolic acid. or bivalves, family Aviculidæ, or wing-shells, but have springing and germinant accoinplishment | Gern, Gernet v.i. To grin; to snarl; to found fossil from the carboniferous system throughout many ages. Bacon. yawn. 'Gaping like a gulfe when he did to the chalk inclusive. Germinate (jérm'in-át), v.i. pret. & pp. ger- gerne.' Spenser. Gesling, t n. A gosling. minated; ppr. germinating. [L. germino, Gerocomia (jë-ro-ko'mi-a), n. Same as Gesnera (jes-ne'ra). [AfterConrad Gesner, the germinatum, to bud, from germen. See Gerocomy celebrated botanist.) A handsome genus of GERM.) To sprout; to bud; to shoot; to Gerocomical (je-rő-kom'ik-al), a. Pertain- about fifty species, the type of the nat. order begin to vegetate, as a plant or its seed. ing to gerocomy. (Rare.] Gesneraceae. They are mostly natives of Germinate (jérm'in-át), v.t. To cause to Gerocomy (je-ro'ko-mi), n. (Gr. gēron, an Brazil, having tuberous rhizomes, opposite sprout; to put forth, as leaves. (Rare.] old man, and komeo, to take care of.] That leaves, and usually red or orange flowers, In the leafy months of June and July several French part of medicine which treats of the proper borne singly or several together on axillary departments germinate a set of rebellious paper- regimen for old people. (Rare.) peduncles or in terminal racemes. leaves, named proclamations, resolutions, journals, Gerontes (ge-ron'tēz or je-ron'tēz), n. pl. Gesneraceæ (jes-ne-rā'sē-ė). An order of or diurnals, of the union for resistance to oppression.' Carlyle. [Gr., old men.] In Greek antiq. magistrates monopetalous exogens, comprising about Germination (jérm -in -ā'shon), n. 700 species, mostly natives of tropical and The in Sparta who, with the ephori and kings, were the supreme authority of the state. first act of growth by an embryo plant; the subtropical regions, and represented by a time in which seeds vegetate after being There were twenty-eight, or, according to few genera in Australia, New Zealand, Japan, some, thirty-two, of these magistrates. They China, and the Mediterranean region. They could not be elevated to the dignity before are shrubby herbs, or (rarely) trees, often their sixtieth year. with tuberous rhizomes, usually opposite Gerontocracy (ge-ron-tok/ra-si or je-ron- leaves, and scarlet, violet, or blue (often tok'ra-si), n. (Gr. geron, gerontos, an old very handsome) flowers, borne singly upon man, and kratos, power.) Government by axillary or terminal peduncles. Some of old men. the genera are frequent in our hothouses, Geropigia, Jerupigia (je-ro-pi'ji-a, je-ry- such as Gloxinia, Achimenes, and Gesnera. pi'ji-a), n. A mixture composed of unfer- Gesse,t v.t. To guess. Chaucer. mented grape-juice, with sufficient brandy Gest, n. A guest. Chaucer. and sugar to prevent it from fermentation, Gest, Geste (jest), n. (L. gestum, from gero, and colouring matter from rhatany root or to carry, to do.] 1. Deed, action, or achievelog-wood, imported from Portugal, to give ment. spurious strength and colour to port wines. They were two knights of peerlesse puissance, Gerris (jér'ris), n. A genus of hemipterous And famous far abroad for warlike gest. Spenser. insects. See HYDROMETRIDÆ. 2. + Show; representation.-3. Carriage of Gerrymander (ge-ri-man'der), v.t. [From person; deportment; sometimes gesture. a governor of Massachusetts named Gerry, Portly his person was, and much increast, Seeds germinating. (In centre a plant which has who devised the scheme.) To arrange the Through his heroick grace and honourable gest. newly appeared above ground.) political divisions of, as a state, so that in an Spenser: Had the knight looked back to the page's geste, election one party may obtain an advantage I ween he had turned anon! planted or sown. The immediate causes of over its opponent, even though the latter For dread was the woe in the face so young: germination are the presence of moisture may possess a majority of votes in the state. And wild was the silent geste that flung and atmospheric air and a certain elevation (American political slang.] Casque, sword to earth. E. B. Browning. of temperature. Moisture softens the in- Gerund (je'rund), n. [L. gerundium, from Gestt (jest), n. (O. Fr. giste. See GIST.) 1. A teguments of the seed and relaxes the tissue gero, to carry on or perform-because, ac- stage, rest, or stop in travelling. See GIST. of the embryo; atmospheric air supplies oxy- cording to the old grammarians, the gerund 2. Ă roll or journal of the several days and gen and nitrogen; and a temperature, which properly expressed the doing or the neces- stages prefixed, in the journeys of the Engmust be at least as high as 32° Fahr., by ex- sity of doing something:) The name given lish kings, many of which are extant in the citing the vitality of the embryo, enables it originally by grammarians to a part of heralds' office. to take advantage of the agents with which the Latin verb used to express the mean- Gestant (jes'tant), a. (L. gestans, gestantis, it is in contact. During germination various ing of the present infinitive active, when ppr. of gesto, freq. from gero, gestum, to changes take place in the chemical consti- the infinitive ought to stand in some other carry.) Carrying ; laden. Clouds gestant tuents of the seed, and are usually accom- case than the nominative, but adopted into with heat. E. B. Browning. panied with increase of temperature, as is other languages to indicate various forms Gestation (jest-a'shon), n. (L. gestatio, from seen in the process of malting. Along with or modifications of the verb; thus, in Anglo- gesto, gestatum, freq. from gero, to carry.] these other changes commonly take place: a Saxon a dative form of the infinitive with to 1. The act of wearing, as clothes or ornaroot is produced, which strikes perpendicu- before it, is often called the gerund: as, Ic ments.-2. The act of carrying young in the larly downwards and, fixing itself in the soil, eom to nimanne, I am to take or be taken). womb from conception to delivery; preg. begins to absorb food; a growth upwards In Latin the gerund is a sort of verbal noun, nancy.-3. Exercise in which one is borne then commences and ends in the protrusion having only the oblique cases, and possess- or carried, as on horseback, or in a carriage, of a stem and leaves. ing the same power of government as its without the exercise of his own powers. Germinative (jer'min-at-iv), a. Of or pertain- verb, but resembling the noun in being goy- Extra-uterine gestation, pregnancy in which ing to germination. erned by prepositions; as, studium obtemper- the fetus is contained in some organ exGerm-theory. The theory that living mat- andi legibus, a desire of obeying the laws; terior to the uterus, as when it is lodged in ter cannot be produced by evolution or de- ad obtemperandum legibus, for obeying the the ovary or in the fallopian tubes. velopment from not- living matter, but is laws. The early English or Anglo-Saxon Gestatory (jest'a-to-ri), a. 1. That may be produced from germs or seeds. The theory gerund or dative of the infinitive was used carried or worn. more particularly concerns itself with the chiefly to indicate end or purpose, like the The crowns and garlands of the ancients were appearance of life, or with phenomena sup- Latin gerund or supine, or ut with the sub- either gestatory, such as they wore about their heads posed to be dependent on the presence of junctive. In English what seems to be a and necks, &c. Sir T. Browne. living matter, where the germs are so infini- present participle governed by a preposition 2. Pertaining to gestation or pregnancy. tesimally minute as not to be capable of is sometimes denominated a gerund, in such Gestic (jest'ik), a. Pertaining to deeds; ledetection by the eye aided by the most phrases, for example, as 'fit for teaching, gendary. 'The gay grandsire, skill'd in powerful instruments. In this view it has fond of learning, but here teaching and gestic lore.' Goldsmith. two aspects-first, as it affects the question learning are merely verbal nouns (corre. Gesticulate (jes-tik'ü-lāt), v.i. pret. & pp. of the origin of life, and, second, as it affects sponding to the Anglo-Saxon nouns in -ung) gesticulated; ppr. gesticulating. (L. gesticuthe origin and propagation of many diseases. governed by a preposition, the preposition lor, gesticulatus, from gero, gestum, to bear As it regards the doctrine of the origin of and noun together doing the duty of the or carry.) To make gestures or motions, as life see BIOGENESIS, ABIOGENESIS. As it older gerund or dative infinitive with to. So, in speaking; to use postures. affects the origin and propagation of disease 'fit for teaching boys,' is an abbreviation for it is maintained that the whole class of The Spaniards argue with even more vehemence fit for the teaching of boys.' than even the French or Italians, and gesticulate zymotic diseases, with many others, are due Gerundial (je-run'di-al), a. Pertaining to with equal, if not superior, eagerness, to the presence in the atmosphere of infinite or resembling a gerund. H. Swinburne. multitudes of germs, chiefly spores of cryp- Gerundive (je-rund'iv), n. A name given Gesticulate (jes-tik’ū-lāt), v.t. To represent togamic plants, as Bacteria and Torula (the originally by Latin grammarians to the by gesture; to imitate; to act. (Rare.) yeast-plant), ready to become developed and future participle passive, but adopted into If I knew any man so vile multiply under favourable conditions, and other languages to indicate certain modifi- To act the crimes these whippers reprehend, by so doing to set up fermentation, putre- cations of the verb, as in English to indicate Or what their servile apes gesticulate. B. Fonson. faction, or other morbid action in the bodies the verbal noun in -ing when governed by a Gesticulation (jes-tik’ū-lā"shon), n. (L. on or in which they are parasitic. All admit preposition, and in German the present gesticulatio, from gesticulor. See GESTICUthat many cutaneous diseases are due to the participle with zu (to) prefixed. LATE.] 1. The act of gesticulating or making presence of parasites propagated by spores, Gerundively (je-rund'iv-li), adv. In the gestures to express passion or enforce sentias also that certain diseases, as pébrine in manner of a gerund or gerundive; as, or in ments.-2. A gesture; a motion of the body silk-worms, 'blood' in cattle, malignant pus- place of, a gerund or gerundive. or limbs in speaking, or in representing tules, &c., arise from the germs of animals or Gerusia (ge-ro'si-a), n. (Gr. gerousia, an action or passion, and enforcing arguments plants in the tissues or blood, but in regard assembly of elders.] The senate of ancient and sentiments.-3. Antic tricks or motions. to its wider application there is much contro- Sparta; the aristocratic element of Spartan Mimical and fantastical gesticulations.' Bp. versy. A system of antiseptic treatment of polity. See GERONTES. Reynolds. wounds and sores has been founded upon Gervas (jėr'vas), n. A small tropical Ame- Gesticulator (jes-tik'ü-lát-ér), n. One that this theory, with the view chiefly of prevent- rican shrub, the Stachytarpheta jamaicen- shows postures or makes gestures. ing the formation of pus on the surface of sis, nat. order Verbenaceæ, the leaves of Gesticulatory (jes-tik’ū-lā-to-ri), a. Of or incised wounds, and pyæmia, or blood- which are sold in Austria under the name pertaining to gesticulation; representing by poisoning, occasionally occurring after oper- of Brazilian tea, and used in Britain to gestures.Mimical and gesticulatory enterations, especially in hospitals. This treat- adulterate tea. tainments.' Warton. GESTOR 383 GHẤT Gestor, t Gestour,t n. A relater of gests elevation. To get drunk, to become intoxi. Gey (gy), adv. Pretty; moderately. See or adventures. cated. - To get forward, to proceed; to ad- GAY. [Scotch.) Minestrales, vance; also, to prosper; to advance in wealth. Geyser (gi'zėr), n. [Icel. geysa, to be vioAnd gestours for to tellen tales. Chaucer. -- To get home, to arrive at one's dwelling. - lently expelled, gey-silegr, vehement; alGestural (jes'tūr-al), a. Pertaining to ges- To get in or into, to arrive within an inclosure lied to E. gush.] The name given to springs ture. or a mixed body; to pass in; to insinuate or fountains of hot water such as were first Gesture (jes'tūr), n. [Fr. geste; L. L. gestura, one's self. - To get loose or free, to disengage observed in Iceland. The geysers of Icemode of acting, from L. gestus, carriage, one's self; to be released from confinement. land, nearly one hundred in number, lie posture, motion, from gero, gesturn, to To get near, to approach within a small about 30 miles north-west of Mount Hecla bear, to carry.] 1. A motion of the face, distance.-- To get ojj, to escape; to depart; and 16 miles north of the town of Skalholt, body, or limbs expressive of sentiment or to get clear; also, to alight; to descend from. in a plain covered by hot springs and steampassion; any action or posture intended to -- To get on, to proceed; to advance; to suc- ing apertures. The largest, called the Great express an idea or a passion, or to enforce ceed; to prosper. - To get out, to depart from Geyser, throws up at certain times a column an argument or opinion.-2. Movement of an inclosed place or from confinement; to of hot water, with loud explosions, to the the body or limbs. escape; to free one's self from enibarrass- height of over 200 feet, and this eruption Grace was in all her steps, heaven in her eye, ment. See v. t. 7.— To get over, to pass over; to terminates in a column of steam, which In every gesture dignity and love. Allton. surmount; to conquer; to recover from; as, to rushes up with amazing force and a thunderGesture (jes'tūr), v. t. pret. & pp. gestured; get over difficulties; to get over sickness. --To ing noise. The next most important is the ppr. gesturing. To accompany or enforce get quit of, to get rid of; to shift off, or to New Geyser or Strokkur (churn). These with gesture or action. disengage one's self from. - To get rid of, to springs are supposed to be connected with Our attire disgraceth it; it is not orderly read nor disengage one's self from; also, to shift off; Mount Hecla. The geysers of Iceland are, gestured as beseemeth. Hooker. to remove. --To get through, to pass through however, surpassed by those which have been Gesture (jes'tür), v.i. To gesticulate; to and reach a point beyond anything; also, to discovered in comparatively recent times make gestures. finish; to accomplish. - To get to, to reach; in the Rocky Mountains in the Yellowstone Gestureless (jes'tür-les), a. Free from ges- to arrive. --To get together, to meet; to as- Region. (See BOILING-SPRINGS.) The phenotures. semble; to convene. - To get up, (a) to arise; menon, as experimentally illustrated by TynGesturement (jes'tūr-ment), n. Act of to rise from a bed or a seat; also, to ascend; dall, is due to the heating of the walls of making gestures. to climb. (6) To prepare and introduce; to a fissure, whereby the water is slowly raised Get (get), v.t. pret. got (gat, obs.); pp. got, bring forward ; as, to get up a concert. to the boiling point under pressure and gotten; ppr. getting. [A. Sax. getan, gietan, (c) To dress; to equip; as the actor was well explodes into steam, an interval being regytan, to obtain; Icel. geta, to get; 0.H.G. got up for the part. --The following specimen quired for the process to be repeated. gezan, to acquire; 0.Sax, bigetan, to obtain; of the capabilities of get, transitive and in- Ghainorik (ga'no-rik), n. A variety of the yak Goth. bigitan, to find. Probably of same transitive, is given by Dr. Withers: of a black colour, the back and tail being root as Gr. chandano, to hold, to contain, I got on horseback within ten minutes after I got your often white. L. pre-hendo, to catch, to seize.] 1. To pro letter. When I got to Canterbury, I got a chaise for Ghaist (gäst), n. A ghost. (Scotch.) cure; to obtain; to gain possession of hy town; but I got wet through before I got to Canter. Hillocks, stanes, and bushes kennd aye any means; as, we get favour by kindness; Frae ghaists an' witches. Burns. able to get rid of in a hurry: I got to the Treasury we get wealth by industry and economy; about noon, but first of all I got shaved and dressed. Ghark (gärk), n. A name in parts of the we get land by purchase; we get praise by I soon xor into the secret of getting a meinorial be. East for the best descriptions of eagle-wood, good conduct; and we get blame by doing fore the board, but I could not get an answer then; which, after being buried for a time, is injustice; most men get what they can for I should likely get one the next morning. As soon dark, glossy, and sinks in water. Sim. their goods or for their services.-2. To come as I got back to my inn I got supper and got to bed. monds. into possession of: used only with have and It was not long before I got to sleep. When I got Gharry (gär'ri), n. A native Indian carriage had, and then signifying to be or to have up in the morning, I got my breakfast, and then I got myself dressed that I might get out in time to get an drawn by oxen. been in possession of. answer to my memorial. As soon as I ret it, I got Ghast (gast), a. (Probably based on ghastly Thou hast got the face of a man. Herbert. into the chaise, and got to Canterbury by three, and but influenced in sense by ghost.) Having a 3. To beget; to procreate; to generate. about tea-time I got home. I have got nothing for ghastly appearance; weird. you, and so adieu. Sure they are bastards to the English, the French How doth the wide and melancholy earth Get t (get), n. [Fr. gette.] Fashion; behanever got them. Shak. Gather her hills around us, grey and ghast, viour. Chaucer. E' B. Browning 4. To acquire mental possession of; to com Get (get), n. Breed; offspring. [Scotch.) Ghastt (gast), v.t. To strike aghast. mit to memory; to learn; as, to get a lesson. Gethe.t For Goeth. Chaucer, Ghasted by the noise I made, Lo, Yates! without the least finesse of art, Get-nothing (get'nu-thing), n. One who Full suddenly he fled. Shak. He gets applause-I wish he'd get his part. Churchill. Ghastfult (gast'fyl), a. (See GĦASTLY. ) 5. To prevail on; to induce; to persuade. ne'er-do-well. Such as to make people stand aghast; dreadThough the king could not get him to engage in a Every gret-nothing is a thief, and laziness is a ful; terrible. life of business. stolen water. Adams, Spectator. 6. To procure or cause to be or occur. I tell no lie, so ghastful grew my name, Something That it alone discomitted an host. Mir. for dags, which gets or gains money for those con. Those things I bid you do; get them dispatched. Shak. cerned in it; a successful atfair, as a theatri- Ghastfully! (gast'ful-li), adv. In a ghastful "Get 7. To carry; to betake: reflexive use. cal performance B. Jonson. manner; frightfully. Gettable, Geta ble (get'a-bl), a. He often stares ghastfully, raves loud, &c. thee out from this land.' Gen. xxxi. 13. Pope. be gotten or obtained; obtainable. Ghastliness (gast'li-nes), n. The state or He with all speed gat himself ... to the strong town of Megs. Knolles. Getter (get'ér), n. 1. One who gets, gains, quality of being ghastly; horror of counte-- To get in, to collect and shelter; to bring obtains, or acquires.-2. One who begets or nance; a deathlike look; paleness; as, the procreates. under cover; as, to get in corn. - To get off", ghastliness of his appearance. (a) to put off ; to take or pull off; as, to get Peace is a very lethargy, a getter of more bastard Ghastly (gast'li), a. (Rather from the ghast children than war's a destroyer of men. Shak. vi a garment; also, to remove; as, to get off of aghast than from A. Sax. gust, a ghost.] a ship from shoals. (6) To sell; to dispose 3. One employed in digging, in the construc- 1. Terrible of countenance; deathlike; disof; as, to get off goods. – To get on, to put on; tion of an earthwork. mal; as, a ghastly face; ghastly smiles. Getting (get'ing), n. 1. The act of obtaining, Death to draw or pull on; as, to get on a coat; to gaining, or acquiring; acquisition. Grinn d horrible a ghastly smile, to hear get on boots.-To get out, (a) to draw forth; His faunine should be filld. Milton. as, to get out a secret. (6) To draw out; to Get wisdom; and with all thy getting, get understanding Prov. iv. 7. 2. Horrible; shocking; dreadful. Mangled disengage.--To get orer, to surmount; to 2. Gain; profit. with ghastly wounds.' Milton. — Ghastly, conquer; to pass without being obstructed; Grim, Grisly, Haggard. Ghastly, as it is as, to get over difficulties; also, to recover; The meaner families return a small share of their gettings, to be a portion for the child. Swift. most commonly applied, means deadly pale, as, to get over sickness. ---To get the day, to deathlike. It is generally applied to the win; to conquer; to gain the victory. -To Get-up (get'up), n. Appointment; equip countenance, but its signification has been get together, to collect; to amass. To get extended to denote anything that is shockup, to prepare and introduce; to bring for- actor's get-up was first-rate. ward. See extract at end of GET, v.i.-SYN. Geum (jë'um), n. (L., from Gr.geuo, to give a ing and suggestive of death; as, Milton's To obtain, procure, acquire, attain, realize. taste or relish to, to stimulate the roots of ‘mangled with ghastly wounds." Get (get), v.i. 1. To make acquisition; to some of them, and of allied species, having the Her face was so ghastly that it could not be recog. nised. Macaulay. gain. same properties as Peruvian bark.) A genus We mourn, France smiles; we lose, they daily get. of hardy herbaceous perennials, belonging Grim characterizes a rigid, fixed expression Shak to the nat. order Rosaceæ, chiefly natives of of countenance, indicating a severe, stern, 2. To arrive at any place or state; to become: the northern parts of the world. Two of ruthless disposition. Death is called the followed by some modifying word, and some- them are common British plants known by grim king of terrors.' Grisly designates the times implying difficulty or labour; as, — TO the name of avens. G. canadense, choco- appearance of a person calculated to inspire get above, to surmount; to surpass.-- To get late-root or blood-root, a North American terror. ahead, to advance; to prosper. - To get species, has some reputation as a tonic. A My prisly countenance made others fly; along, to proceed; to advance. - Toget asleep, species of saxifrage is also called Geum, None durst come near for fear of sudden death. Shak. to fall asleep.- To get at, to reach; to make Gewgaw (gū'ga), 12. (Old forms gigawe, gyway to; to come to. -- To get away or Haggard adds to the idea of paleness of gawe, shown by Skeat to be from older giveaway from, to depart; to quit; to leave; or countenance that of being wasted by famine gove, a kind of reduplicated form from the to disengage one's self from. - To get back, or protracted mental agony. verb to give.) A showy trifle; a pretty thing to arrive at the place from which one de Ghastly (gast'li), adv. In a ghastly manner; of little worth; a toy; a bauble; a splendid parted; to return.–To get before, to arrive hideously plaything. 'Aheavy gewgaw, called a crown. in front or more forward. - To get behind, Dryden. Staring full ghastly like a strangled man. Skak. to fall in the rear; to lag. --- To get clear, to There came a young noble, a warrior who had Ghastnesst (gast'nes), n. Ghastliness. disengage one's self; to be released, as from never seen war, glittering with.geugaws. Disraeli. Ghât, Ghaut (sat), n. (Hind.) 1. In the East confinement, obligation, or burden; also, to Gewgaw (gū'ga), a. Showy without value. Indies, a pass through a mountain; also, a be freed from danger or embarrassment. — Seeing his gaugaw castle shine, range or chain of hills.-2. A landing-place To get down, to descend; to come from an New as his title, built last year. Tennyson. or stairway to the rivers of India, generally That may GHEBRE 384 GIBBSITE having at the summit a temple, pagoda, Ghostt(gost), v.i. To die; to expire. “Within to clasp together the pieces of wood or iron bathing-house, or place of rest and recrea- a few hours she ghosted.' Sidney. of a framing which is to be keyed, previous tion. Ghost+ (gost), v.t. To appear to in the form to inserting the keys. or gibs. Gibt (jib), v.i. To act like a cat. What we may judge whether it live. If you feel them not, & FI. Dr. R. Clarke. Gibber (gib'bér), v.i. [Akin to jabber and The sheeted dead Did squeak and giboer in the Roman streets. Shak. Ghostly (gost'li), a. 1. Having to do with Gibber (jib'bér), n. (L., a hunch or hump. ] the soul or spirit; spiritual; relating to the In bot. a pouch-like enlargement of the base soul; not carnal or secular. of a calyx, corolla, &c. Save and defend us from our ghostly enemies. Gibberish (gib'bér-ish), n. [From gibber, v.i.] Common Prayer. Rapid and inarticulate talk; unintelligible Cease, language; unmeaning words. Some, if they happen to hear an old word, albeit Tennyson. very natural and significant, cry out straightway, 2. Pertaining to apparitions.-3. Suitable for that we speak no English but gibberish. Spenser. ghosts; solemn; gloomy; as, ghostly halls. Gibberish (gib'ber-ish), a. Unmeaning, as Ghoosla Ghât, Benares. To muse at last, amid the ghostly gloom words; unintelligible; fustian. "Gibberish A ghat consists in general of a long, high building, Of graves and hoary vaults, and cloister'd cells. phrases.' Florio. fronting the river, to which access is had by means A kenside. Gibbet (jib'bet), n. [Fr. gibet, It. giubetto, of several flights of steps, these latter forming the Ghost-moth (gost'moth), n. A nocturnal giubetta, dim. of giubba, a kind of garment, essential part of the structure, as the wall or building lepidopterous insect (Hepialus humuli), so corresponding to Fr. jupe, and probably is only for the protection of loungers from the sun's called from the male being of a white colour, rays. Chambers's Ency. and from its habit of hovering with a pen having at one time such meanings as collar or halter. Ghebre, Gheber (gā'bėr), n. Same as Guebre. Comp. E. jib, the projecting dulum-like motion in the twilight over one Ghee (gē), n. [Hind. ghi, clarified butter. ] sail in the fore-part of a ship, as also the spot (often in churchyards), where the In the East Indies, the butter made from projecting beam of a crane, and jib-boom, female, which has grey posterior wings and the milk of the buffalo, clarified by boiling, which reminds one of the projecting beam red-spotted anterior wings, is concealed. and thus converted into a kind of oil. One who sees of the gallows.] 1. A kind of gallows; a Ghost-seer (göst' sē - er), n. Gherkin (gér'kin), n. [G. gurke, D. agurkje, wooden erection, consisting of an upright ghosts or apparitions. Dan, agurke, Pol. ogorek, Ar.al-khiyar, Hind. Ghost-story (göst'sto-ri), n. post with an arm projecting from the top, A story about khiyar, cucumber] A small-fruited variety on which notorious malefactors were hanged ghosts or in which ghosts are introduced. in chains, and on which their bodies were of the cucumber, used for pickling. Ghoul, n. [Per. ghol, ghul, ghuwal, a demon Ghesst (ges), v.i. To guess. Spenser. suffered to remain, as spectacles in terrorem. of the mountain and the woods, supposed Ghetchoo (get'sho), n. An Indian name for 2. The projecting beam of a crane which to devour men and other animals. ] An the plant Aponogeton monostachyon, the sustains the pulleys aud the weight of goods; imaginary evil being among eastern nations, roots of which are nearly as good as potatoes, a jib. which is supposed to prey upon human and as much liked by the natives. Simmonds. Gibbet (jib'bet), v.t. 1. To hang and expose bodies. Ghetto (get'to), n. (It.) The quarter in cer on a gibbet or gallows; to hang upon anyGhyul (gil), n. [See GILL.) A gully or cleft tain Italian towns where Jews live. thing resembling a gibbet. in a hill; a ravine. (Border dialect. ] He shall come off and on swifter than he that I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a Langdale Pike and Witch's Lair, gibbets on the brewer's bucket. Srak. suburb by themselves. Evelyn. And Dungeon-ghyll so foully rent. Coleridge. Ghibelline (gibel-in), n. [The Italian form 2. To expose to ridicule, scom, infamy, or Giallolino (jyal-lo-lē'no), n. [It. giallorino, of Waiblingen, the name of an estate in the like. I'll gibbet up his name.' Oldham. yellowish, from giallo, yellow.) An oxide that portion of the ancient circle of Fran Gibbier (zhib'bi-ā), n. [O.Fr. Mod. Fr. of lead or massicot, a fine yellow pigment gibier.] Wild fowl; game. conia now included in Würtemberg, be much used under the name of Naples Yellow. longing to the house of Hohenstaufen (to Giambeaux, Giambeux (zham'bo, zham' Gibble-gabble (gib'l-gab'l), n. [A redupliwhich the then Emperor Conrad belonged), cation of gabble.) Foolish talk; prate; nonbų), n. pl. [Fr. jambe, leg.) Armour for when war broke out in 1140 between this the legs; jambes. · A large purple streame Gibbon (gib'bon), n. sense; fustian language. A name common to house and the Welfs or Guelfs. It was first adown their giambeux falles.' Spenser. employed as the rallying cry of the em the apes of the genus Hylobates, but Giant (ji'ant), n. (O.E. geant, Fr. géant; peror's party at the battle of Weinsberg. ] more particularly restricted to the species L. gigas, gigantis; Gr. gigas, gigantos, One of that faction in Italy that were in Hylobates lar, which inhabits the islands possibly, but not probably, from gēgenes, of the Indian Archipelago. It is distinfavour of the emperor and opposed to the earth-born-said of the Titans and Giants, Guelfs, or pope's faction. These factions guished from other quadrumanous animals who were supposed to be the sons of Gaia arose in the twelfth century, and disturbed by the slenderness of its form, but more or Tellus-gē, the earth, and geinomai, to Germany and Italy for 300 years. See particularly by the extraordinary length of be born.] 1. A man of extraordinary bulk GUELF. its arms, which, when the animal is standand stature. The war-cry of the army opposed to Conrad on ing, reach nearly to the ankles, and which Giants of mighty bone, and bold emprise. Milton. this occasion was Welf' or 'Guelph;' that of Con enables it to swing itself from tree to tree rad's army was 'Waiblingen.' Hence, ever after- 2. A person of extraordinary strength or with wonderful agility. Its colour is black, wards these names were used to distinguish the two powers, bodily or intellectual; as, the judge but its face is commonly surrounded with great parties into which the inhabitants of Germany is a giant in his profession.-Giant's Causey a white or gray beard. See APE. and Italy were divided — a partisan of the popes or Causeway, a mass of columnar basaltic Gib-boom (jib böm), n. against the emperors being called a Guelph, and a Same as Jib-boom partisan of the emperors against the popes, a Ghi. rock on the coast of Antrim in Ireland. (which see). belline. Chambers's Inf. for the People. Giant (ji'ant), a. Like a giant; extraordinary Gibbose (gib-os'), a. (L. gibbosus, from gibGhittern (git'térn),n. Same as Gittern (which in size or strength; as, giant brothers; a bus, a hunch.) Humped; a term applied to see). giant son. a surface which presents one or more large They can no more hear thy ghittern's tune. Keats. Giantess (ji'ant-es), n. A female giant; a elevations. Ghohona-grass (go-ho'na-gras), n. A poi female of extraordinary size and stature. Gibbosity (gib-os'i-ti), n. The state of being sonous Indian grass, supposed to be Paspa I had rather be a giantess, and lie under Mount gibbous or gibbose; protuberance; a round Shak. lum scrobiculatum. or swelling prominence; convexity. Ghole (göl), n. Same as Ghoul (which see). Giant Fennel (ji'ant fen-nel), n. The com- When ships, sailing contrary ways, lose the sight Ghoont (gönt), n. A small sure-footed mon name of plants of the genus Ferula; one of another, what should take away the sight of Indian pony, used in the mountain ranges especially, the species F. communis, a large ships from each other but the gibbosity of the inter Ray. jacent water? as a pack or saddle horse. coarse-looking umbelliferous plant. Ghost (gost), n. [A. Sax. gäst, a spirit, a ghost; Giantize (ji'ant-īz), v.i. To play the giant. Gibbous (gib'us), a. (L. gibbosus, from gibbus, D. geest, G. geist, a spirit; from a root seen Giantly (ji'ant-li), a. Resembling or appro- a hunch.] 1. Swelling; protuberant; convex; in Icel. geisa, to chafe, to rage as fire; Sw. priate to a giant; characteristic of a giant. as, the moon is gibbous when more than half gäsa, to ferment; E. yeast.] 1. The spirit; Giantly strength and stature.' Bp. Hall. and less than full, the enlightened part the soul of man. Giant Puff-ball, n. A fungus, the Lycoper- being then convex on both margins. A thousand troubles grow don giganteum, which, when dry, stanches The bones will rise, and make a gibbous member. To vexe his weried ghost. Surrey. slight wounds, and is edible when young. Wiseman. 2. The soul of a deceased person; the soul or Giantry (ji'ant-ri), n. The race of giants. 2. Hunched; hump-backed; crook-backed. spirit separate from the body; an appari- (Rare.) How oxen, in some countries, began and continue tion. The state, qua Sir T. Browne. Giantship (ji'ant-ship), n. gibbous, or hunch-backed. The mighty ghosts of our great Harrys rose. lity, or character of a giant. 3. In bot. more convex or tumid in one place Dryden. than another. His giantship is gone somewhat crest-fallen. 3.1 A corpse; a dead body. Milton, Gibbously (gib'us-li), adv. In a gibbous or No knight so rude I ween, Giaour (jour), n. [Turk., dog; Per. gawr, an protuberant form. As to doen outrage to a sleeping ghost. Spenser. infidel.] A word used by the Turks to de- Gibbousness (gib'us-nes), n. The state or 4. Shadow; trace; as, he had not the ghost signate the adherents of all religions except quality of being gibbous; protuberance; a of a chance. - To give up the ghost, to die; the Mohammedan, more particularly Christ- round prominence; convexity. to yield up the breath or spirit; to expire. ians. The use of it is so common that it is Gibbsite (gibz'īt), n. [In honour of G. Gibbs, - The Holy Ghost, the third person in the often applied without intending an insult. Esq.) A hydrate of alumina, a whitish minTrinity.-SYN. Apparition, spectre, phan- Gib (jib), n. [O. E. gib, a hooked stick; Fr. eral found in Massachusetts in irregular tom, shade. gibe, a bill-hook.] A piece of iron employed stalactical masses, presenting an aggrega |