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Under This Caption You Will Find In a Brief Form the Vital Points of
Legal Subjects of Interest To Business Men and Women

Rights of widow in estate of deceased husband. In the case of Griffing vs. Gislason, recently decided in South Dakota, it appeared that Dennison J. Griffing, a widower, executed a will in which he bequeathed all of his property to his children then living, and to any that might be born subsequently, in equal shares. On the day after this will was made he remarried, but his new wife was in no manner mentioned in the will, and no provision was ever made for her.

Dennison J. Griffing thereafter died, and upon reading the will it was a matter of universal surprise that Mrs. Griffing, the widow, was not provided for. The widow was thereupon advised by a friend of the family in whom she had great confidence that the will would not stand, and that her share in her husband's estate, which amounted to over twenty thousand dollars, would be the homestead and seven hundred and fifty dollars. The widow's adviser had been a clerk of courts for many years, and she felt, therefore, that whatever he said in regard to legal matters must be right. As a matter of fact, where a married man dies without having made a valid will, the laws of South Dakota give one-third of the estate to his widow.

Although the widow was not aware of her legal rights, it seems that the other distributees, the dead man's children, understood that the widow was entitled to one-third of her husband's prop ty. A contract was then drawn up and signed by the widow and the five children under which they all agreed to waive all rights under the will and to share alike in the estate each taking one-sixth. Shortly afterward the widow discovered that instead of gaining by the contract which she had signed she had agreed to accept as her share one-half of what she was actually entitled to under the law, and she brought an action against the children to have the contract rescinded and set aside.

The will was invalid for the reason that the statutes of South Dakota provide that the marriage of one who has made a will operates as a revocation of the will if the wife is neither mentioned in the instrument nor otherwise provided for. Another statute of that State declares that a party to a contract may rescind the contract if his consent thereto was given by mistake, provided action is taken promptly upon discovering the facts. Under this statute it was held that the widow had a right to rescind the contract and to come in for her one

third share in her husband's property.

Griffing vs. Gislason, Supreme Court of South Dakota.

The liability of a concern when they appoint an agent to represent them in some outside town is quite often a question which the employer is forced to face. The following should be of great advantage to business men:

"Agents are of two kinds, general and specific. A general agent is one who is authorized to act generally in connection with a particular trade, business or emplovment. If the agency referred to is of this character, then the person appointing him would be responsible for any acts which he might perform, provided they were within the general scope of the business of his principal. A special agent is one who is authorized to do one or more specific acts in pursuance of particular instructions. In this case the principal is bound only to the extent of the authority which he has actually conferred upon the agent or which he has permitted the agent to appear to have.

Five Things Are Necessary
To Every Sale

That the agreement should be binding.
That the property exist.

That it is owned by the seller.

That the agreement must refer to some particular property.

That the consideration should be money. An agreement to sell requires only the first and last; a sale, all of the five.

Every sale is a contract. The buyer agrees to pay a certain sum for the goods, the seller agrees to furnish the goods for the specified sum, the consideration is the agreement by the buyer to pay for what he buys. Fraud in any part of the contract releases the defrauded party from his obligations.

Property must exist. If A sold a horse to B, and unbeknown to either the horse had died before the sale, the whole contract would be void. If B had paid the price it must be returned to him. If an article not yet manufactured is paid for in advance, and is destroyed before finished, the manufacturer must sustain the loss and furnish another article or restore the money to the purchaser.

Sale without ownership is no sale. No one can claim a thing simply because he has bought it, unless he has purchased it from the owner. The true owner of property can claim it at any time, and in whomsoever hands he finds it.

Arguments for Business Men Who Want to Make

Their Advertising Bring More Results

In This Department Will Be Given the Best and Strongest Arguments to Help the Merchants in Their Advertising and Form Letters

Men's Clothing

Needn't run to keep warm, with good overcoats as low as this.

You'll enjoy the cigar doubly, you'll appre

ciate the book better in one of these house coats. The wearer of fine clothes will recognize at a glance the refined tone of these garments.

It's a

A Prince Albert coat you must have-if you care to be well and correctly dressed. coat for all occasions-christenings or funerals. It's correct in daylight or darkness.

Cleaning up the broken lines-odd lots of slow sellers in our men's department brings to many a calculating pocketbook a handsome saving.

Consider the comfort of being able to get a suit or top coat to fit the very minute you want it at half the price of tailor-made and none of the worry of a made-to-measure garment. Boys' Clothing

Reefers and jackets for the little fellows, full of warmth and cuteness.

No cheaply-made gaudiness in the stock-all are well-fashioned tailor-made suits.

Take two tailors of equal skill and experience. Let one make men's clothes part of the time and a boy's suit occasionally; let the other have nothing to do but to think about, design, cut and make boys' clothes. Which tailor would you prefer to clothe your son?

Men's Furnishings Domet Pajamas. There's nothing else so comfortable for either lounging or sleeping as these warm, fleecy protective garments.

A perfect hot-house, a flower garden of beauty, large puff scarfs of highest grade silks and satins, Imperials, light or dark patterns, those refined kinks and stylish points that well-dressed men appreciate.

Our stock of shirts and neckwear contains a

great many things you want and lots of things you must have. You'll want them worse than ever when you see them. You never saw SO many pretty and desirable things at such tempting prices.

Neckwear comes in nicely at all times, though it is only times like these that we would have the nerve to bring out such styles as we now have. Look at our bows, scarfs, puffs, string ties, four-in-hands, etc., if you are on a decorating expedition.

Furniture

A beautiful piece of furniture is more than a gift-it often becomes an heirloom. Curio tables and cabinets are gifts of this sort.

Isn't it comforting to trade where you do not have to be an expert and yet know you are getting the latest and best thing in furniture?

Reed Furniture.-A whole swamp of reeds made up into the prettiest, most artistic of household furniture. Luxurious chairs, rockers, oddshaped wood baskets, tables, etc.

Shoes

Shoes that can be worn with pleasure and pride.

Every pair has every penny possible put into the shoes.

The soles of the footwear we sell remain with the body.

Man's Ideal Shoe.-Made on a last the shape of the natural foot. Low, broad soles, the broadest you ever saw.

Druggists' Goods

We are in business. We want to be busy, to keep busy, therefore it's to our interest to serve you as well as possible.

A bottle on the shelf has been known to save life-there isn't anything like a good remedy when it's wanted-there isn't anything better to the world than good medicine that does good.

The secret of success is often in adapting available means to certain ends. The hot-water bag or bottle beats the old-fashioned hot brick and makes sleigh-riding an enjoyable success.

Jewelry and Silverware

Diamonds go for a song, and not a very good song at that.

We won't take a job for less than a fair price, and we won't slight any job we take.

You cannot buy this maker's silver plate at auction-house prices because he does not build his reputation on cheap goods.

Price has a Loud Voice.-Quality has a loud voice. But a duet between "quality and price" brings down the house. Come to our store and see what we have for you in jewelry.

It's no trick to pay the price and have a handsome ring or watch. What everybody is after is a chance to get them at a bargain. That is what our specialty is, bargains in jewelry.

It is most important in buying Sheffield plate to trade with a reliable house, so as to secure good quality of plate and metal. There is much cheap Sheffield in the market, made of copper and thinly plated; but the quality we sell is made of nickel silver and very heavily plated. It will wear a lifetime, and even when the silver at last is worn away the surface still remains white.

The Making of Successful Color Illustrations

The production of artistic color-illustrations for general use in books and magazines is today very nearly an exact science. The process colorplate is right now at the zenith of its development. Never before in the history of the graphic arts were multiple results so uniform and so pleasing; never before were purely mechanical methods as applied to the duplication of the first of the fine arts-painting-quite so perfect. This perfection has been attained, however, only after many years of tireless chemical investigation and laborious experimenting. Many of our most successful artisans have tried a dozen times and failed and tried again before they finally succeeded in realizing their dreams of a commercially feasible scheme of reproduction in colors. No great work in science or art has ever been accomplished without heart-breaking setbacks, and the making of color-process pictures is no exception to the universal rule. The Quadri Color process of reproducing any picture or any subject in its original coloring represents the highest achievement of the best methods known to reproductive science.

To

The modus operandi by which paintings and drawings in full color are reproduced is too technical and would require too much space to describe here. But, briefly, the stages through which a large drawing or painting has to pass in the process of reproduction are, as follows: The picture or "copy" is first photographed and this initial movement is the most important of all. In photographing the original, the camera is moved close to or far from it, and it is made small or large, according to its distance from the camera-box. By the Quadri Color process four plates, each plate representing a color, are necessary. The colors employed are yellow, red, blue and black. The original painting or drawing is first photographed for a yellow negative. obtain this yellow negative a red and blue glass are necessary, and these two are placed together, forming a violet glass, through which the original picture is photographed; this produces the desired yellow negative-a negative which holds. all the yellows in the original and eliminates every particle of its reds and blues. This yellow negative is then converted through various stages of photo-engraving until it becomes a solid metal plate with that part of the design on its surface containing every particle of yellow. This plate is printed with yellow ink and is the basic impression upon which the other three colors are laid. The next required negative is the red one, and this is obtained with a yellow and blue glass and these two in combination give a green. Photographing the original picture through this green glass produces the red negative, or one in

which all the reds of the original picture are maintained while the yellows and blues are chemically cut out. This red negative goes through the same process as the yellow negative, until it emerges a shallow metal plate in which the red parts of the picture being copied are discernible on the surface. This plate is printed in red ink on top of the yellow impression. To obtain a blue negative-the third in the series-a yellow glass and a red glass are required. These two combined give an orange glass through which the original picture is photographed, and this produces the blue negative holding only the Elues in the picture and eliminating all reds and yellows. When this negative is turned into a metal plate, it is printed on top of the yellow and red impressions. The fourth plate required is the black plate. This is made from a negative which cuts out all of the three first colors, yellow, red and blue. This black negative, the invention of Bernhard Ludwig, is the most important acquisition to process plate-making since the discoveries of Meisenbach, the father of photo-engraving processes.

The old colortype process in which but three plates are used, does not reproduce copy with perfect fidelity, since every object of nature, and therefore all paintings and drawings in color which reflect nature, contain black and grey in greater or less degree, and the mere combining of yellow, red and blue can only approximate the greys and blacks which are a part of all things visual.

It is one of the miracles of modern science that a painting, in the execution of which the artist has found it necessary to employ twenty or more distinct and separate colors, can be rapidly reproduced in exact fac-simile with four simple little metal plates printed in four simple colors. The most complex canvases of the French impressionistic school of painting, in which the approximation of nature's tones and tints is reached by a very riot of the prism, are as cunningly fac-similed by this wonderful method as is the reflection of one's countenance in a mirror.

It is all very wonderful, very beautiful, very laborious. It is the simple-appearing things that are usually most complex in their making. This is distinctly true of color-plate production. Of course, there are good color-pictures and there are bad, and the bad color-pictures you see in some magazines may be the result of imperfectly made printing-plates, a carelessly printed sheet, or a poor quality of paper used for the impression; sometimes it is all of these things which are responsible for a bad result. But where the process is correct in all of its workings, where

Common-Sense

the presswork is accurate and in the hands of careful workmen, and where the paper is of the finest quality, the result is a work of art. The entire process by which color-pictures are made, is as near perfection as human ingenuity and skill can make it.

Naturally there are many steps in the production of the four plates from which the successive yellow, red, blue and black impressions are made. The method of etching each metal plate is at once a delicate and a tedious one. And when the plate is all but ready for the press, there is a deal of "tooling" or hand engraving, as well as burnishing to be done upon its polished copper surface. Skilled engravers work for hours upon a single plate, such as the black plate used in the miniature reproduction on this page. And then comes the electrotyping of the set of four plates --the duplication of each plate many times so that a large number of impressions can be made with one revolution of the press. The mere mixing of the colored inks is a science and the men who "make-ready" a "form," or set of plates, so that the impression is perfect, are artists in their particular vocation. From the moment the picture to be reproduced is received by the manager of the engraving department to the publication of the exquisite fac-simile in little, there is an unceasing handling of it, a constant scrutiny of it and the bending of the energies of a dozen skillful men to make the smaller picture an exact duplicate in every line and tone of its larger parent. A single slip in any one of the several departments through which the plates must pass, would be the instant undoing of all the care and thought which have been lavished upon them from the outset. The man at one of the routing machines, for example, where all the superfluous metal is cut away by sharp and rapidly revolving pointed steel tools, can destroy in a flash the day's work of the photographer and etcher.

What the future of this wonderful method of color reproduction is to be, no man can foretell. That it will go on from one step of perfection to another is certain. Its chief drawback today is its costliness. With so much labor involved, it cannot be made comparatively inexpensive, like the plain half-tone block. But present-day experiments are bringing the full-color process nearer and nearer to the point of cheapness and economy, and the time cannot be very far distant when color work will be as economical to publish as the monotone. Meanwhile the Quadri Color process must stand for what is best in the whole realm of artistic mechanical methods of full-color reproduction.—Metropolitan Magazine.

Chicago The Mail Order Center

17

A careful observer of the mail order business informs us that all other large cities in the east and west where an extensive mail order business is carried on don't altogether do one-half of the enormous mail order business handled from Chicago. An approximate estimate of the Chicago mail order business places the yearly amount to nearly $200,000,000, of which two of the largest houses alone do a business of al-' most $100,000,000. Outside of the regular mail order houses nearly every dry goods, clothing and furnishing store is doing a good mail order business, and yet the Chicago mail order business is only in its infancy. With the constant increase of the rural free system, it is bound to develop further and with the introduction of the parcel post it will grow enormously, for the express companies have so far, on account of their exorbitant charges, and not too good services, rather handicapped than favored the extension of the mail order business.

Just Advertising

Advertising is to a man's business what steam is to an engine. Imagine a mail order concern selling goods without advertising. Imagine the result should Montgomery Ward, and Sears, Roebuck & Co. stop their advertising. Ask the mammoth stores what would be the result should they suddenly recognize (?) and cut their advertising out. Picture to yourself what sort of a fair we would have if the A. Y. P. people neglected to advertise. Yet one meets men occasionally who profess to be disbelievers in advertising-believe that it is a useless expense. But ask the man who pays the bills, and the bigger his bills the more enthusiastic his answer.-White's Sayings.

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