around the trunk. This has a very desirable effect, and we believe it destroys some of the borers and their larvæ.

We do not depend on this, however, to keep the trees clean of borers, and we go over our orchards spring and fall carefully and take. them out.

Next in order is cultivation. By some peach growers this is supposed to be of little importance. We beg leave to differ with them. Here in our locality a man would far better present the nurseryman with his money, than to take his trees and plant them and neglect. to cultivate them. As well could a farmer expect to receive a good crop of corn without cultivation, as a peach grower to plant peach trees and not cultivate the same and expect a good crop.

A peach orchard should be plowed every spring as soon as the ground is fit to work in, and then cultivated three or four times during the summer to keep down weeds and the soil loose.

There are more failures in our county, resulting from poor cultivation, than from the yellows. There are thousands of trees planted that will never pay the planter, mainly from this cause.

The yellows are a great obstacle in the way of peach culture, but poor cultivation will do more to prevent the success of the grower. The yellows we treat in the following manner: As soon as we are certain that a tree is infected we remove it, root and branch, and by the strict observance of this rule we can prevent any serious loss. We have one orchard containing 1,100 trees planted nine years ago, and we are satisfied that we bought the yellows with the trees. We took out two or three trees the second summer and two more when they commenced to bear, and up to this time we have taken out thirty or thirty-five trees, a loss of about three per cent. in nine years. In regard to a cure for the yellows we know of none, but have experimented with a great many different cures and have found nothing so effective in prolonging the life and vigor of a tree as salt and ashes sown broadcast under the trees. The orchard referred to above consisted of the following varieties: Old Mixon, Stump, and Crawford's Late. It bore when four years old 1,800 crates of peaches. The next year 1,400 crates, the year following a great many of the buds were frozen which cut crop down to 600 crates. The next season we had 800 crates, and last season 1,600 crates, making an aggregate of 6,200 crates. Thus you can observe that the orchard bore the ninth year only 200 crates less than the crop at the fifth year, and the orchard is still in apparently good condition and can yield several more good crops. We expect an orchard to be profitable about ten or twelve vears with good care and cultivation. We present this to you merely to show you that an orchard can be made profitable for quite a number of years if properly cared for.

When we planted our first orchard we planted the following varieties, viz: Hale's Early, Troth's Early, Mt. Rose, Red Rareripe, Crawford's Early, Old Mixon, Stump the World, Crawford's Late, Smock and Salway. Now we plant nearly all of the two last-named varieties; we found them the most profitable for our locality, for the following reason at their time of ripening here the peaches in the east have all been marketed, consequently we get from $2 00 to $4 00 per crate for them in the eastern market. There have been a great many of the earlier varieties planted here but the varieties planted here now are about three-fourth Smock and Salway.

There are about 100,000 trees planted in Juniata county of which