BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, CONTAINING THE LIVES OF THE MOST CELEBRATED CHARACTERS OF EVERY AGE AND NATION, EMBRACING WARRIORS, HEROES, POETS, PHILOSOPHERS, HISTORIANS, POLITICIANS, STATESMEN, TO WHICH IS ADDED, A DICTIONARY OF THE PRINCIPAL DIVINITIES AND HEROES OF GRECIAN AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY; AND A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY or EMINENT LIVING CHARACTERS. PUBLISHED FOR SUBSCRIBERS NEW-YORK. ollege Library. 2 June 891. +4+→ From the Library of Pof. B. W. GUANEY. Southern District of New-York, ss. BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the second day of June, A. D. 1825, in the forty-ninth year of the independence of the United States of America, Charles S. Baldwin, of the said District, hath deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit: "A Universal Biographical Dictionary, containing the lives of the most celebrated characters of every age and nation, embracing Warriors, Heroes, Poets, Philosophies, historians, Politicians, Statesmen, Lawyers, Physicians, Divines, Discoverers, Inventors, and generally, all such Individuals, as from the earliest periods of history to the pre set time, have been distinguished among mankind; to which is added, a Dictionary of the Principal Divinities and Heroes of Grecian and Roman Mythology; and a Biographical Diction ary of eminent Living Characters." In conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the time therein mentioned.' And also to an Act entitled, "An Act, Supplementary to an Act, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned.' and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." JAMES DILL, Clerk of the Southern District of New-York. ADVERTISEMENT. This work embraces every article in Lempriere, generally in an abridged form; it also contains many of the articles found in the Biographical works of Jones, Watkins, Allen, &c. not included in Lempriere; besides a few original notices, prepared for this work, and to be found in no other. The number of articles are, therefore, believed to be greater than in any other Biographical Dictionary, and though in most instances they are necessarily very concise, yet it has been the aim of the compilers to give ample details when the characters are particularly conspicuous, and in other cases, to embrace in few words the leading points of interest. It is acknowledged with pleasure, that great assistance has been derived, in the compilation, from Mr. E. Lord's correct and enlarged edition of Lempriere, lately published in New-York-a work which has laid the public under many obligations; particularly for the new matter which it brings forward. The excellent work of Allen has also been of great use in forming the present abridgment. A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. AA AA, Peter Vander, a bookseller of Leyden, who published a work in 66 vols. folio, entitled Galerie du Monde, &c. was living in 1729. AAGARD, Nicholas and Christian, brothers, born at Wiburg, in Denmark, the eldest, distinguished for the acuteness of his philosophical writings, died 1657; the other known for his poetical talents, died 1664. AALAM, an astrologer of the ninth century, at the court of Adado Daula. AALST, Everard, a dutch painter, whose pieces were highly valued, was born at Delft, 1602, and died in 1658. AARON, elder brother of Moses, of the tribe of Levi, born A. M. 2434; he was the friend and the assistant of Moses, was happily gifted with the powers of eloquence, and became the first high-priest among the Hebrews. He died in his 123d year. AARON, Raschid, a caliph of the Abassides, distinguished by his conquests and the eccentricity of his character, died A. D. 809, in the 23d year of his reign. AARON, Schascou, a rabbi of Thessalonica, celebrated for his writings. AARON, a British saint, put to death with his brother Julius, during Dioclescian's persecution of the Christians. AARON, a presbyter and physician of Alexandria, in the eighth century; he wrote 30 books on medicine in the Syriac language, and is the first author who makes mention of the small pox and meazles, diseases which were introduced into Egypt from Arabia, about 640. AARON, Hariscon, a Caraite rabbi who was known as physician at Constantinople in 1294; and wrote a learned commentary on the pentateuch, Hebrew grammar, &c. AARON, Hacharon or Posterior, another learned Rabbi, born in 1346; he wrote on the law of Moses, the customs of his nation, and a treatise entitled the Garden of Eden. AARON, Isaac, an interpreter of languages at Constantinople under the Comeni. AARON, Ben Chaim, the chief of the Jewish Synagogue, at Fez and Morocco, in the beginning of the 17th century; he wrote commentaries on Joshua, the Law, the Prophets, &c. AARON, Ben-aser, a learned rabbi in the 5th century, to whom the invention of the Hebrew points and accents is attributed; he wrote a Hebrew grammar, printed 1515. AARON, a Levite of Barcelona, wrote 613 precepts on Moses, printed at Venice, 1523; he died 1292. AB left behind him very accurate and judicious memoirs of all the embassies in which he was employed. AARSENS, or AERSENS, Peter, called by the Italians Pietro Longo, from his tallness, a celebrated painter, born at Amsterdam in 1519. He excelled very particularly in painting a kitchen; but an altarpiece of his, viz. a crucifix. representing an executioner breaking with an iron bar the legs of the thieves, &c. was prodigiously admired. This noble piece was destroyed by the rabble in the time of the insurrection. 1566. He afterwards complained of this to the populace in terms of such severity, that more than once they were going to murder him. He died in 1585. AARTGEN, or AERTGEN, a painter of merit, born at Leyden in 1498. It was a custom with this painter never to work on Mondays, but to devote that day with his disciples to the bottle. He used to stroll about the streets in the night, playing on the German flute; and in ond of these frolics was drowned in 1564. ABA, brother-in-law to Stephen, the first Christian king of Hungary; disgraced himself by his cruelties; was conquered in battle by the Emperor Henry III.; and was sacrificed to the resentment of his offended subjects. 1044. ABAFFI, Michael, son of a magistrate of Hermanstad, rose by his abilitics and intrigues, to the sovereignty of Transylvania, in 1661. ABACA, or ABAKA, a king of Tartary, conquered Persia, and proved a powerful and formi dable neighbour to the Christians at Jerusalem, died 1282. ABANO, vid. Apono. ABARIS, a Scythian philosopher, the history of whose adventures, mentioned by Herodotus and others, appears more fabulous than authentic. ABAS, Schah, seventh king of Persia, was brave and active; he took conjointly with the English forces, 1622, the Island of Ormus, which had been in the possession of the Portuguese 19% years; he died 1629 in the 44th year of his reign. ABAS, Schah, the great grandson of the preceding, succeeded his father in 1642, in his 13th year; he patronised the Christians, and was distinguished for his benevolence and liberality; he died Sept. 25, 1666. ABASSA, an officer who revolted against Mustapha I. emperor of the Turks, and afterwards was employed against the Poles, 1634, at the head of 60,000 men. The cowardice of his troops robbed him of a victory, and he was strangled by order of the Sultan. ABASSA, a sister of Aaron Raschid, whose hand was bestowed by her brother on Giafer; her husband was sacrificed by the tyrant, and she was reduced to poverty. AARSENS, Francis, lord of Someldyck and Spyck, one of the greatest ministers for negotiation that the United Provinces of Holland have at any time possessed. He was the first person ever recognised as Dutch ambassador by the French court: the first of three extraordinary! ABASSON, an impostor, who, under the ambassadors sent to England in 1620; and the character of the grandson of Abas the great, of second in 1641, who were to treat about the mar-tained the patronage of the court of Fra riage of prince William, son to the prince of of the grand seignior, by whose ordem Orange. Aarsens died at an advanced age; helllast beheaded. ABATS, Andrew, a painter of fruit and still threw him into a deep melancholy; he ever aflife, born at Naples, was employed by the kingerwards kept a monthly fast on Tuesday, the of Spain, and died in 1732. day on which this fatal mischance happened. ABAUZIT, Firmin, born at Uzes, 11th Nov. and settled an annuity of 207. on the widow. 1679, fled from the persecution which attended Worn out, however, with cares and infirmities, his parents on account of their profession of he died at Croydon, Aug. 5, 1633. protestantism, and retired to Geneva, became ABBOT, Maurice, youngest brother of the distinguished for his superior progress in every archbishop, acquired consequence in commerbranch of polite learning, but particularly cial affairs, was employed in 1624 in establishmathematics and natural history; was flattered ing the settlement of Virginia, and was the first by Voltaire, and complimented by Rousseau; person on whom Charles I. conferred the bohe died March 20, 1767. nour of knighthood. He was elected represenABBADIE, James, an eminent Protestant di-tative for London, and in 1638 was raised to the vine, and dean of Rilaloe, born at Nay, in Berne, mayoralty of the city, and died Jan. 10th, 16-10. in the year 1654 (or, according to some accounts, ABBOT, Robert, D. D. eldest brother of the in 1658,) died in the parish of Mary-la-bonne, two preceding; he was born at Guildford, was in London, 1727. The chief of this author's educated at Baliol college, and elected master works was, "Traité de la Verité de la Religion thereof, 1609. His eloquence as a preacher reChrétienne; Rotterdam, 1684." This has gone commended him to further patronage; he was through several editions, and is perhaps the best book ever published on that subject. appointed chaplain to the king, and regius professor of divinity at Oxford. He was consecrated bishop of Salisbury, 1615, and died Mar. 2, 1617, in his 58th year. His writings were principally controvrsial. ABAS, Halli, a physician, and one of the Persian magi, who followed the doctrines of Zoroaster; he wrote A. D. 980, a book called a royal work, which was translated into Latin ABBT, Thomas, the German translator of by Stephen of Antioch, 1127, and is now extant. Sallust, and the admired author of a treatise ABBAS, the uncle of Mahomet, opposed the " On merit," and of another, "Of dying for one's ambitious views of the impostor; but when de-country,' was born at Ulm, and died at Buckefeated in the battle of Bedr, was reconciled to berg, 1766, aged 28. his nephew, embraced his religion, and thanked heaven for the prosperity and the grace he enjoyed as a mussulman. He died in the 32d year of the hegira. ABBASSA, vid. Abassa. ABBATEGIO, Marian d', an ecclesiastic of the 14th century, who rose by his abilities to be governor of Aquila. ABBATISSA, Paul, a famous Sicilian poet, born at Messina, 1570. He translated into Italian verse Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and Ovid's Metamorphoses. ABBIATI, Philip, a historical painter, born at Milan 1640, died 1715. ABBON, a monk of St. Germain des Près, who was present at the siege of Paris by the Normans, at the close of the 9th century; he wrote an account of this event in 1200 verses, in execrable Latin, which was edited by Duplessis, 1753. ABDALCADER, a Persian who was greatly revered by the mussulmans for his learning, his piety, and the sanctity of his manners. ABDALLAH, father of Mahomet, was a slave, and a driver of camels. ABDALLAH, son of Zobair, was proclaimed caliph of Mecca and Medina, after the expulsion of Yesid. After enjoying the sovereignty for four years, he was besieged in Mecca, by the successor of Yesid in Syria, and sacrificed to the ambition of his rival, 733. ABDALLAH, son of Yesid, celebrated as a ||mussulman lawyer in the 7th century. ABDALLAH, son of Abbas, endeavoured to raise his family on the ruins of the Ommiades; he was defeated by his rivals, who, afterwards, pretending to be reconciled, perfidiously murdered him, 754. ABDALMALEK, son of Marvan, was 5th caliph of the Ommiades, and began to reign, 685. ABBON, de Fleury, an ecclesiastic of Or-le was called Abulzebab, because bis breath leans, who became abbot of Fleury, supported was so offensive that it killed the very flies that the rights of the monastic order against the in-settled on his lips; he reigned 21 years, and was trusions of the bishops. He was killed in a succeeded by Valid, the eldest of his 16 sons. quarrel between the French and Gascons, 1004. ABBOT, Hull, a respectable minister of Charlestown, Massachusetts, published several sermons, died 1782, aged 80. ABDALMALEK, the last of the caliphs of the race of the Samanides, was dethroned and murdered by Mahmoud, 999. ABDALRAHMAN, or ABDERAMES, vid. Abderames." ABDAS, a bishop in Persia, who, by inconsiderately abolishing a Pagan temple of the sun, excited the public indignation against himself and his religion. ABBOT, George, archbishop of Canterbury, born 1562, at Guildford, in Surry. In 1604 that translation of the Bible now in use was begun by the direction of king James, and Dr. Abbot was the second of eight divines of Oxford, to whom the care of translating the whole New Testaent (excepting the Epistles) was committed. On April 5, 1619, Sir Nicholas Kempe laid the first stone of the hospital at Guildford. The archbishop, who was present, afterwards en dowed it with lands to the value of 300l. per ann. The archbishop, being in a declining state of health, used in the summer to go to Hamp- ABDERAMES, a caliph of the race of Om shire for the sake of recreation; and being in- miades, was invited into Spain by the Saracens. vited by lord Zouch to hunt in his park at Bran-He assumed the title of king of Corduba, and zill, he met there with the greatest misfortune the surname of just; he died, 790, after reigning that ever befell him; for he accidentally killed 32 years. ABDEMELEK, king of Fez and Morocco, was dethroned by his nephew, Mahomet; but by the assistance of troops, sent him by the sultan Selim, defeated Sebastian, king of Portugal, who had landed in Africa to support the usurper. The two African monarchs and Sebastian fell on the field, 1578. pe lordship's keeper, by an arrow from a cross- ABDERAMES, a Saracen general of the caMich he shot at a deer. This accident liph Hescham, who, after conquering Spain, |