Virginia, notorious for his hostility to the Eng-declared himself against it, and, strongly oppos lish. He was the father of Pocahontas; and, oning it, was removed from his station, in 1770. her marriage, became reconciled to the whites, He was appointed president of the council in and died in 1618. 1782, and resigned this office in March, 1783; but soon after resumed it, and held it till his death, 1794.

POYNINGS, sir Edward, a gentleman, of Kent, employed in the government of Ireland PREBLE, Edward, a captain in the Ameriby Henry VII., where he displayed great courage can navy, distinguished for his services and sucand wisdom. In the succeeding reign he was cesses against the emperor of Morocco and the appointed governor of Tournay, in Flanders. Bey of Tripoli, in 1803-4; he died in 1807. POZZO, Andrew, a native of Trent, eminent PREMONTVAL, Peter le Guay de, a memas a painter and architect, died in 1709. ber of the academy of sciences at Berlin, and POZZO, Modesta. See FONTE MODE-author of various works; he died in 1767. RATA.

The corporations of Dublin, Bath, Exeter, and Norwich, paid him the like compliment. He PRIMATICCIO, Francesco, an eminent Itawas created a peer of Great Britain, by the title lian painter, who was extremely skilful in stucof lord Camden, baron Camden in the county co and basso relievo, and excelled chiefly in of Kent; and July 30, 1766, he was appointed battle pieces: he died in 1570, aged 80. lord high chancellor of Great Britain. He conducted himself in this high office so as to obtain the love and esteem of all parties; but when the taxation of America was in agitation, he

French lady, long engaged in education,in Eng-Roman elegiac poet, born about 59 B. C., and land; she died in 1780. died 19 B. C.

PRINCE, John, an English divine, and an author, died in 1720.

PROSPER, St., a Christian writer, of the 5th century, the disciple of Augustine, was an able advocate of the faith.

PROTAGORAS, a Greek philosopher, ban

PRINCE, Thomas, one of the early settlers of Plymouth, came from England, in 1621, and was afterwards governor of Plymouth colony.ished from Athens, for supporting atheistical He died in 1673. principles. He died about 400 B. C. PROTOGENES, a famous painter, of Rhodes, cotemporary and companion of Apelles, about 300 B. C.

PRINCE, Thomas, an eminent American clergyman, settled at Boston; he was author of a Chronological History of New-England, and made large collections for a history of the country. He died in 1758.

PRINCE, Nathan, brother of the preceding, an eminent mathematician and classical scholar, died in 1748.

PRINGLE, sir John, an eminent physician and medical writer, and president of the Royal Society, was born in 1707, and died in 1782. PRIOLO, Benjamin, author of a Latin history.of France, from 1643 to 1664; he was the friend and associate of the duke de Rohan, and died in 1607.

PROVENZALE, Marcello, an eminent lu lian painter, died in 1639.

PRUDENTIUS, Aur. Clement., a Spaniard, distinguished as an advocate and a poet. His Latin poems were published in 1667.

PRUSIAS, a king of Bithynia, at whose court, Annibal took refuge. Prusias was put to death, 149 B. C.

born

PRYNNE, William, an eminent English lawyer and voluminous writer, much distinguished in the civil commotions under Charles in 1600. He published several books again what he thought the enormities of the age, and concerning the doctrine and discipline of the church. His "Histriomastix," which came out

PRIOR, Matthew, an eminent English poet and statesman, born in 1664. After having occupied many high diplomatic posts and lucrative employments, he died fellow of St. John's col-in 1632, giving great offence to the court, he was Tege, Cambridge, in 1721.

PRISCIANUS, an eminent grammarian of antiquity, born at Cæsarea, but went to Constantinople, where he taught the principles of his art, and was in the highest repute, about the year 525.

PRISCILLIAN, a Spaniard, who became the chief of a sect in the 4th century, was beheaded in 384.

PRITCHARD, Hannah, an eminent English actress, who excelled both in tragedy and comedy; she died in 1768, aged 57.

committed prisoner to the Tower, and sentenced by the star-chamber to be fined 5000l. to the king, expelled the university of Oxford, and Lincoln's-Inn, degraded from his profession of the law, to stand in the pillory and lose his ears, to have his book publicly burnt before his fact, and to remain prisoner during life; the former part of this sentence was severely put into effect He was, however, afterwards restored to liber ty, and held a seat in the house of commens till his death, in 1669. His greatest work goes under the title of "Records.

PRITZ, or PRITIUS, John George, a pro- PRZIPCOVIUS, Samuel, a Socinian writer, testaut divine, professor of divinity, at Grips-expelled from Poland with his partisans, waide, and one of the ministers of Frankfort, 1658, on account of his opinions." He died died in 1732.

PROBUS, M. Aurel. Valer, a general, made' emperor of Rome, in 276. He was successful against the Barbarians, but was murdered by his own soldiers, in 282.

PROCACCINI, Camillo, a celebrated painter, of Bologna, died in 1626. His brother Julius, who died the same year, was celebrated in the

same art.

PROCLUS, an eminent philosopher among the later Platonists, born at Constantinople, in 410, and died in 485.

PROCLUS, St., the disciple of Chrysostom, and patriarch of Constantinople, died in 447. PROCOPIUS, an ancient Greek historian, of Byzantium, who flourished in the 6th century. His history commences toward the end of the reign of Anastasius, emperor of the East, in 407, and is carried down to the year 649. PROCOPIUS, a Greek historian, patronised by Belisarius and Justinian.

PROCOPIUS, a Greek sophist, of Gaza, A. D.

560.

1670.

PSALMANAZAR,George, the fictitious name of a very extraordinary person, born in one of the southern provinces of France, and designed for a friar; who, after various adventures arrived at London, under the character of a Japanese converted to Christianity. He died in 1763.

PSAMMENITUS, a king of Egypt, after Amasis, 525 B. C.

PSAMMETICUS, a king of Egypt, who shared the sovereign power with eleven other princes. He died 616 B. C.

PSELLUS, Michael Constantius, a Greek writer, who flourished about 1105, was a good scholar, and an author.

PTOLEMY LAGUS, or SOTER, was one of the generals and favourites of Alexander the Great. He obtained Egypt as his share of the spoils, and died 285 B. C.

PTOLEMY PHILADELPHUS, son of the preceding, was a zealous patron of learned men, and died 246 B. C.

PRODICUS, a sophist of Cos, about 396, PTOLEMY EVERGETES, son and succes B. C. Socrates and Euripides attended his lec-sor of Philadelphus, was a benevolent prince tures at Athens.

PROMETHEUS, the son of Japhet, and af great warrior, supposed to have been the first discoverer of the art of string fire by flint and steel, which gave rise to the fable of his stealing fire from heaven. He flourished 1687 B. C. FRONAPIDES, a Greek poet, said to have been the master of Flonier.

PROPERTIUS, Sextus Aurelius, an eminent

and died 221 B. C.

PTOLEMY PHILOPATER, son of Ever getes, died 204 B. C.

PTOLEMY EPIPHANES, succeeded his fa ther Philopater, and was poisoned by his suc cessor Philometor, 180 B. C.

PTOLEMY PHILOMETOR, the murderer of Epiphanes, was slain in battle, 146 B. C. PTOLEMY PHYSCON, succeeded his bro

her Philometor. He was tyrannical in his goernment, and died 116 B. Č.

PURCELL, Henry, a yery eminent English musician and composer, born in 1658, and died in 1695.

PTOLEMY LATHYRUS, succeeded his faher Physcon, but was banished, and his broher Alexander placed on the throne, after whose eath he regained his power, and died 81 B. C. PTOLEMY AULETES, illegitimate son and uccessor of Lathyrus, died 51 B. C. PTOLEMY DIONYSIUS, son of Auletes, arried his sister Cleopatra, and murdered his enefactor Pompey. He was drowned, 46 B. C. PTOLEMY, Claudius, a great geographer, athematician, and astronomer, of antiquity, PUTEANUS, Erycius, properly VANDE as born in Egypt, about A. D. 138, and flour-PUTTE, was born in Guelderland, and an eri hed in the reigns of Adrian and Marcus An-nent scholar. He succeeded his master in the ninus. professors' chair at Louvain, and died in 1646. PUBLIUS SYRUS, a Syrian slave, set at PUTNAM, Israel, a major-general in the berty by his master, distinguished himself as a ||American army, during the revolution, disDet, 44 B. C. tinguished for his daring intrepidity in the early, wars with the French and Indians, and during the whole revolutionary struggle. He died in 1790. His reputation as an officer, was beyond suspicion, and his services were highly appreciated by Washington and his countrymen. PUTSCHIUS, Elias, an eminent grammarian, of Antwerp, died in 1606.

PURCHAS, Samuel, a learned English divine, and compiler of a valuable collection of voyages; he died in 1628, aged 51.

PURVER, Antony, an Englishman, an extraordinary character, whose parents were quakers. He made a translation of the Bible from the original, after a labour of 30 years. He was highly respected as a quaker preacher, and died in 1777.

PUCCI, Francis, a noble Florentine. After hanging his religious opinions several times, he as taken, while a protestant, and burnt at ome, as a heretic, in 1600.

PUFFENDORF, Samuel de, an eminent Geran civilian and historian, born in 1631, and ed in 1694. Very numerous are the works of is learned and excellent man; but the most mportant, and what will immortalize his name his treatise "De Jure Naturæ et Gentium;" is indeed a body of the law of nature and ations well digested, and, as some think, prerable to Grotius' book "De Jure Belli et Pas," since the same subjects are treated in a ore extensive manner, and with greater order. is other works are chiefly polemic. PUGATSCHEFF, Yemelka, a Cossack, who PYE, Henry James, born in London, in 1745, id claim to the Russian throne, as the real Pe-was appointed poet Laureate, in 1790, and in III. He was taken and beheaded in 1775. 1792, one of the police magistrates; he died in PUGET, Peter Paul, one of the greatest pain-1813; and left many poems. rs that France ever produced, born in 1623, d died in 1694.

PUTTENHAM, George, born about 1530, was one of the gentlemen pensioners to queen Elizabeth. He died about 1600, leaving among other works "The Art of Poesie."

PUY, Peter de, a very learned French antiquary and historian; he died in 1652, aged 69. PUY SEGUR, James de Chastenet, lord of, a celebrated French general, who served his country 43 years, and died in 1682.

PÝLE, Thomas, M. A., a learned divine, born in 1674; he wrote much esteemed paraphrases on various parts of the Old and New Testament. He died in 1757.

PYM, John, a celebrated English republican, distinguished for his virulence against Charles I.

er,

PYNAKER, Adam, a celebrated Dutch paintdied in 1673.

PYRRHO, an eminent philosopher, born at Elis, flourished in the time of Alexander, about the 110th Olympiad; he was a sceptic.

PULASKI, count, a noble and distinguished
le, who, after making great, but unsuccessful
Forts for the freedom of his own country, of-
red his services to the United States, during
revolution, and was appointed a brigadier-He died in 1643.
neral in the American army. He was wound-
Savannah, and died soon after, in 1779.
PULCHERIA, St., daughter of Arcadius, as-
nded the throne with her brother. She was
patroness of learned men, was devout and ex-
aplary in her conduct, and died in 454.
PULCI, Lewis, an Italian poet, of a noble
nily of Florence, died in 1487.
PULIGO, or PUGLIO, Dominico, an eminent
alian portrait painter, died in 1527.
PULMANNUS, Theodore, properly POEL-
AN, a Dutch scholar, and an able critic, died
1580.

PULTENEY, William, earl of Bath, a cele-
ated English senator and statesman, born in
82, died in 1764. He for many years lived in
every focus of popularity, and was respected
the chief bulwark against the encroachments
the crown but, from the moment he ac-
oted a title, all his favour with the people was
an end; and the rest of his life was spent in
temning that applause which he could no
ger secure.

PULTENEY, Richard, a celebrated English ysician, the author of several works; he died 1801.

PYRRHUS, a king of Epirus, celebrated as the friend and ally of the Tarentines. He was killed at Argos, 272 B. C.

PYTHAGORAS, one of the greatest philosophers of antiquity, born at Samos, about 590, and died 497 B. C. His "Golden Verses" are well known, and have been frequently published.

PYTHEAS, a Greek philosopher, in the age of Aristotle. His discoveries about the different length of the days in various climates, ap peared astonishing to the philosophers of his age.

PYTHEUS, a rhetorician, of Athens, known as the rival of the great Demosthenes.

Q

QUADRATUS, a disciple of the Apostles, and bishop of Athens, who composed an "Apology for the Christian Faith," and, presenting it to the emperor, stopped the persecution against the Christians, A. D. 125.

PUNTORMO, Giacomo, an Italian painter, ose pieces are much admired; he died in 1558. QUADRIO, Francis Xavier, a jesuit, who bePURBACH, George, a learned German, emi-came a secular priest by consent of the pope, it as a divine and philosopher died in 1462. died in 1756.

QUERLON, Anne Gabriel Meusnier de, an eminent scholar of Nantes, and a noted periodical writer, died in 1780.

QUINCY, Edmund, of Boston, author of an agricultural treatise, died in 1788.

QUINTILIAN, Marcus Fabius, an illustrious Roman lawyer, rhetorician, and critic, born at Rome, A. D. 42, and died at 89 years of age. QUINTIN. See MATSYS.

QUINTINIE, John de la, a famous French gardener. He studied law, and practised with great reputation, but soon devoted himself e tirely to agricultural pursuits. He died after 1700.*

QUINTUS CALABAR, a Greek poet, who wrote a large "Supplement to Homer's Iliad,' In which a relation is given of the Trojan war from the death of Hector to the destruction of Troy.

QUINTUS CURTIUS, Q. Curtius Rufus, author of a Latin history of Alexander the Great, which has at once immortalized the he ro and the historian. He lived A. D. 380, and was probably a Roman.

QUIRINI, Angelo Maria, a Venetian cardinal. He was noticed and caressed by the lean QUERNO, Camillo, an Italian poet, and buf-ed and good of the age, and respected for he foon to Leo X.; he died in 1528.

QUESNAY, Francis, a French physician, who, from obscurity, rose to eminence in his profession; he published several medical works, and died in 1774.

benevolence, Koerality, and learning, and died in 1755. His works are numerous.

QUIROS, Fernand de, a Spanish navigator, who discovered the Society Islands, in 1605. QUISTORP, John, a Lutheran divine, the

QUESNE, Abraham, marquis du, of Nor-friend of the great Grotius, died in 1616. mandy. He entered into the naval service of France, where he distinguished himself by a series of valorous and successful engagements; he died in 1688.

R

RABAN-MAUR, Magnentius, a French di QUESNEL, Pasquier, a celebrated priest of vine, of noble birth. His works on theology art the oratory, in France, born at Paris, in 1634;numerous; he died in 856.

he became the head of the sect of Jansenists; RABAUD ST. ETINNE, John Paul, a pro wrote many polemical books, and died at Am-testant minister. He was bold and eloquent i sterdam, in 1719. defence of Lewis XVI., and, for those septi

QUESNOY, Francis, an eminent sculptor,||ments, was guillotined in 1793. died in 1644.

RABEL, John, an eminent French portrai

QUEVEDO DE VILLEGAS. Francisco de,||painter, died in 1603. an eminent Spanish author. born in 1570, and died in 1645. He was one of the best writers of his age, and excelled equally in prose and

verse.

RABELAIS, Francis, a celebrated French physician and satirist, died in 1553, aged 70. RABIRIUS, a Latin poet, who celebrated the victory of Augustus at Actium.

RABURN, William, governor of the state of

QUIEN DE LA NEUFVILLE, James le, a
French author, whose death, in 1728, was caus-Georgia, died in 1819.

ed by excessive application to study.

QUIEN, Michael de, a French Dominican.

RABUTIN. See BUSSY.

RACAN, Honorat de Bueil, marquis of, com

He was an able scholar, and well versed in ori-mended for his pastoral poetry; he died in 1678 ental literature, and died in 1733.

QUILLET, Claudius, a French physician, and ingenious Latin poet, born in 1602, and died in 1661.

RACCHETTI, Bernard, an Italian painter died in 1702.

RACINE, John, an illustrious French dra matic poet; he died in 1699, aged 60. QUIN, James, a very celebrated English co- RACINE, Lewis, son of the poet, an ecele median, born in London, in 1693, and died insiastic and author; he died in 1763. 1766. The prince of Wales, father to George RACK, Edmund, an English author and poet III., appointed him to instruct his children in died in 1787. the true pronunciation of their mother tongue. QUINAULT, Philip, a celebrated Frenchsiderable distinction, died in 1792. dramatic poet, born at Paris, in 1635, and died in 1688.

QUINCY, marquis de, a French officer and engineer, author of "The Military History of Louis XIV." He died in 1720.

RACLE, Leonard, a French architect, of co

RADCLIFFE, Alexander, an English milkar officer, known as the writer of some poc works of low humour, died in 1700.

RADCLIFFE, Dr. John, an English phys cian, of uncommon eminence, born in 1 QUINCY, Dr. John, an eminent English phy-and died in 1714. To him the university of Os sician and medical author, died in 1723.

ford is indebted for the library and infirmary which bear his name, and for an annual come of 6007. sterling, for two travelling fellow ships.

QUINCY, Edmund, a judge of the supreme court of the colony of Massachusetts, and agent for that colony at the court of St. James, died in London, in 1738. RADEGONDE, St., a German princess QUINCY, Josiah, an eminent lawyer, of nowned for her personal charms, and devoted Massachusetts, distinguished for his zeal and ness to religious duties. At the age of 10, exertions in support of the rights of the colo-renounced paganism for the Christian faith, direction of Clotaire, who afterwards marrie

he died in 1775.

her, and then, yielding to her wishes, permitted and daughter of Henry Laurens, president of her to retire to the seclusion of a monastery; congress; she died in 1811.

she died in 587.

RAMSDEN, Jesse, an English artist, flour

RADEMAKER, Gerard, a Dutch painter, died |ished in 1786. His improvements in various mathematical and optical instruments were very important to science.

in 1711, aged 38.

RAGOTZKI, Francis Leopold, prince of Transylvania, wrote an interesting memoir on the revolutions of Hungary, and died in 1735.

RAMUS, Peter, an eminent French professor of philosophy, eloquence and mathematics, born RAGUEAU, Francis, professor of jurispru-in 1515, and fell in the massacre of Paris, in

dence at Bourges, and an author, died in 1605. RAGUENET, Francis, a learned ecclesiastic, of Rouen, contended for the superiority of the Italian, over French music, died in 1722.

RAIKES,Robert, a printer and philanthropist, born in 1735. In 1781 he planned the institution of Sunday Schools, and died at Gloucester, his native place, in 1811.

RAINALDI, Oderic, a priest of the oratory, died in 1670..

RAINAUD, Theophilus, a jesuit, who taught| belles lettres and theology, died in 1663.

RAINE, Matthew, D. D., an English divine, master of the Charter-house school, died in 1810. RAINOLDS, John, an English divine, and dean of Lincoln, died in 1607. He was one of the divines employed in the translation of the Bible under James I.

RALEIGH, sir Walter, an illustrious English navigator and historian, born in 1552. He did eminent services for queen Elizabeth, particularly in the discovery of the country now called Virginia, and in the defeat of the Spanish Armada, and lived in full happiness and honour during her reign; but his sun set at her death. He was much persecuted on the accession of James, and accused of high treason. Though reprieved, he remained long a prisoner in the Tower. He was afterwards commissioned by the king to go and explore the golden mines of Guiana. But the Spaniards killed his eldest son, and prevailed on James to condemn sir Walter. He was beheaded in 1618.

1572.

RAMUSIO, John Baptist, a Venetian, ambassador to France, &c., and an author, died in 1557.

RANC, John, admired as a painter in Spain, died in 1735.

RANCE, Armand, John le Boutillier de, a French ecclesiastic, well skilled in Grecian literature. In early life, an abandoned sensualist, but reformed, and died respected, in 1700.

RANDOLPH, Thomas, an able diplomatist in the reign of queen Elizabeth, died in 1590. RANDOLPH, Thomas, an English dramatic poet, born in 1605, and died in 1634. His Muse's Loking Glass," a comedy, is well known, and much admired.

RANDOLPH, Edward, an agent of Great Britain to the American colonies, and a violent enemy to their interests, died in 1695.

RANDOLPH, Peyton, an eminent lawyer, of Virginia, and first president of the American congress in 1774, died suddenly in 1775.

RANDOLPH, Edmund, an eminent lawyer, of Virginia, and an active friend of the revolution, was a member of congress in 1779, afterwards governor of the state of Virginia, attorney-general, and secretary of state of the United States. In the last office, he lost the confidence of Washington, and resigned in 1795. He died in 1813.

RANNEQUIN, N., a celebrated engineer, of Liege, died in 1708.

RANS, Bertrand de, of Rheims, a hermit in RALPH, James, a voluminous writer, in po-1226, who imposed himself upon the people of etry, politics and history. He was an American Flanders, as the emperor Baldwin I., and sufferby birth, but went over to England about 1729,ed death for it.

and died in 1762. He wrote a history of Eng- RANTZAN, Josias, a Danish nobleman in land, commencing with the reign of the Stuarts, the French service, died in 1645. Chiefly and many other works. known as the active agent by whom the proRAMAZZINI, Bernardin, an Italian phy-testant religion was established in Denmark. sician and medical professor at Padua, a station filled by him with great applause though blind; be died in 1714.

RAOUX, John, of Montpellier, eminent as a historical and portrait painter, died in 1734. RAPHAEL, d'Arezzio, an Italian painter, RAMEAU, John Philip, an illustrious mu- whose historical pieces and portraits are adsician, and writer on the principles of that art;mired, died in 1580. he died in 1767, aged 84.

RAPHAEL, Sanzio, an illustrious painter and RAMELLI, Felix, a native of Asti, an eccle-architect, of Italy, born in 1483, and died in 1520. siastic, who became an eminent miniature por-By the general consent of mankind, he is acknowtrait painter. He died in 1740. ledged to have been the prince of modern paintRAMSAY, Charles Lewis, a Scotchman, au- lers, and is often styled "the divine Raphael." thor of a Treatise on Short-hand writing, 1681. As Raphael was the best painter in the world, RAMSAY, Andrew Michael, a Scots histo-so was he perhaps the best architect also: he rian, and political and moral philosophy writer, was at least so admirable a one, that Leo X. born in 1686, and died in 1743. charged him with the building of St. Peter's church at Rome.

RAMSAY, Allan, a celebrated Scots pastoral poet, born in 1696, and died in 1763.

RAPHELENGIUS, Francis, a learned FlemRAMSAY, David, M. D., an eminent physi-ing, was Greek professor at Cambridge, and cian, historian and statesman, of South Caroli- afterwards professor of Hebrew and Arabic, at na, and a member of congress from that state, Leyden, died in 1597. died in 1815. He was distinguished for his pa- RAPIN, Nicholas, a French poet, whose triotism during the revolution, no less than for works were elegantly written, and who was his writings in after life. He published a Histo- the favourite of Henry III; he died in 1609. ry of the Revolution in South Carolina; a Histo- RAPIN, Renatus, a French jesuit and critic, ry of the American Revolution; a Life of Wash-famous for his skill in classical learning, born ington, and several other valuable historical in 1621, and died in 1687. works.

RAPIN DE THOYRAS, Paul de, an eminent RAMSAY, Martha L, wife of the preceding, historiographer, bor. in Languedoc, in 1067