Mary S. Miller, ERIE-9. C. C. Taylor, FAYETTE-6. S. A. Epsy, A. G. McDowell, FRANKLIN-3. J. H. Shumaker, J. R. Gaff, T. M. Richards. GREENI-1. S. S. Johnson. HUNTINGDON-4. S. P. McDivitt, N. McDivitt, L. G. Grier, S. E. Painter. INDIANA-26. J. T. Gibson, Julia E. Moyer, Allice Richter, Elmina Stager, Kate Zweitzig. LEHIGH-2. E. J. Koons, LYCOMING-6. A. R. Horne, MCKEAN-1. C. Cornforth. MERCER 17. NORTHUMBERL'D-3. MIFFLIN 3. MONTGOMERY-2. Mattie H. Rich, Sallie Martin. MONROE-1. A. H. Berlin. NORTHAMPTON-6. Selden J. Coffin, W. N. Walker, J. W. Weaver, Emma H. Hoagland, Bella T. Horn, Anna T. Randall. PERRY-I. G. W. Sanderson. PHILADELPHIA-23. George W. Fetter, C. H. Harding, J. B. Roberts, Mrs. R.H.Shoemaker J. W. Snively, SCHUYLKILL-13. Jessie Newlin, J. A. M. Passmore, J. W. Danenhower, B. F. Patterson, J. Lineaweaver, H. H. Spayd, N. P. Kinsley, Bryson McCool, Sallie A. McCool, Ellen D. McCool, Carrie McCool, Louisa Allison, Amelia C. Schoner, SOMERSET-3. Wm. H. Sanner, J. B. Hicks, Maggie M. Miller, SUSQUEHANNA—1. Emma P. Gamble. VENANGO-3. Charles H. Dale, Jennie F. McBride, E. McIntyre. WARREN-9. Daniel Stuart, Samuel Lord, Fred Hooker, Augusta J. Brady, Juliette S. Hill, Jemima Brennerholtz Isabella McIntosh, Ada M. Temple, Emma L. Garfield, WASHINGTON-6. J. C. Gilchrist, G. G. Hertzog, S. M. Sheller, R. M. Burns, Lizzie J. Cochran, Mrs. A. H. Pierce. WAYNE-I. J. D. Pyott. A. F. Fleming, Lizzie J. Kelley, Emma L. Creighton,, Nannie J. White, YORK-5. OTHER STATES-13. C. Townsend, N. Y., E. E. White, Ohio, Wm. D. Henkle, O., Jerome Allen, Iowa, S.R.Thompson, WVa R. T. Jacobs, Del., H.W.Ellsworth, N.Y C. L. King, N. Y., J. J. Anderson, N. Y. S. M. Fell, Del., Emma Woude, Del., Laura Woude, Del., R. Bringhurst, Del. TOTAL, 560. It is with regret that we have learned of the retirement of Prof. S. S. Jack from the Key-A stone Normal School (Kutztown, Berks Co.) Though difficult to replace a teacher of such high character and qualifications, we hope it has been done, and that the school of that District may still prosper as heretofore. Professor Jack is now, we believe, disengaged. BOOKS ON SCIENCE. The notices of Text-books heretofore appearing in this journal, have mostly been confined to those in use in the common schools of the various grades. But now, not only are the studies of the higher common schools rising in degree so as to embrace higher portions of the exact, natural and mental science, but the position of the Editor has thrown him into con tact with these departments of knowledge long comparatively disused. Add to this that the Faculty of Instruction with which he is connected affords means of examining and testing the merits of all books on science of a didactic character and of every grade. Hence, the scope of the critical vision-so to speak-of this journal has been enlarged, and its means for investigation and accurate judgment increased. If publishers of scientific Textbooks, therefore, desire their works to be looked at by the Editor from his higher instructional and editorial stand-point, and to be examined by his practical and learned co-adjutors here, let them forward their new books or new editions, and they may depend upon having a speedy and fair report of the result, through the columns of this journal, under the head of MANUAL OF CHEMISTRY-THEORETICAL AND PRACT CAL. BY GEORGE FOWNES, F. R. S. From the Tenth English Edition. Edited by Robert Bridges, M. D., Professor of Chemistry in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Pp. 856. Henry C. Lea, Pub., Philadelphia. 1869. This well known work has become justly popular in its previous editions and the present one (the first since 1863), meets a want made urgent by its extensive use and by the progress of the science which it represents. Our old friend Fownes, notwithstanding its great increase in size and the extensive changes made in the text, is Fownes still, with its best qualities unimpaired. The English edition of which this is a reprint, is still edited in part by the original editor who received the work from the hands of the author himself, and to this fact we ascribe the individuality which it has retained through so many revisions. Comparing the present with former editions, the reader is forcibly reminded of the rapid strides which chemistry has made in recent years. Formulæ, nomenclature, and combining numbers are almost entirely changed. New theories have necessitated new forms of expression, and the science as taught to-day seems little like that of five years ago. The chapter on Chemical Philosophy contains so admirable an exposition of the new doctrines however, that no difficulty need be experienced in reconciling the past with the present state of the science. The Atomic theory, upon which the entire arrangement of the work is based, here receives complete elucidation, from the orig inal hypothesis of Dalton to the more modern doctrine of atomicity or quantivalence, if we may make a synonymous use of terms between which such hair-splitting distinctions have recently been attempted. The classification of the elements upon this basis requires an entire reversion of the old arrangement. Many of the original data of the work have been corrected by more recent experiments, and paragraphs have been perfected by the addition of newly acquired information. But it is in Organic chemistry that recent research has met its richest reward, and here our new edition exhibits the most sweeping changes. New matter is inserted, much is re-written, all is re-arranged. Among the complex bodies of this division the doctrine of atomicity affords a valuable basis for classification of alcohols, ethers, acids and bases. Here we have a series of compartments, so to speak, where the members of our ever-increasing and chaotic mass of organic compounds may be distributed and stowed away in their proper places. The plan of coupling Physics with Chemistry is a time honored error with this work, but an error still. The two sciences, however closely related, are distinct in themselves and should be so treated. The different branches of Physical science, however well handled in the limited space allotted to them, suffer by the compression. The book is already too voluminous, and we hope to see the next edition disposed in two volumes, one for pure chemistry, the other for pure physics. As a first book of Chemistry for the use of students in college classes, or as a manual for those who have not access to the larger dictionaries of chemistry, we cordially recommend this work. It is clear, accurate, thoroughly abreast of the times, and the most complete work of its size we have yet seen. PROFESSOR WESTLAKE. We noticed with great pleasure, in a local paper, some time ago, that this gentleman had accepted the chair of English Literature in the State Normal School of the Second District, at Millersville, in Lancaster county. He first became known to us as an instructor in the same institution, but for some years has been absent from it, and mostly in other States. Latterly, we believe, he was connected with a prominent educational institution in Baltimore. He has, however, at last "got home again." We trust he may long remain in his present position, and give the teacher-students of Southeastern Pennsylvania the benefit of his rich stores of knowledge and fine taste in the higher departments of English learning. This, with a wider scope of instruction in the natural sciences, is perhaps the chief want of our State Normal schools, at the present time, and we rejoice to know that that of the Second District has taken such effectual means to apply the fitting remedy. AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. Other engagements and more pressing matter for a place in the Journal, have prevented our usual report from this institution, since July. During the last week in that month, we had our Harvest Reception; and though fewer friends accepted the invitation than could have been wished, the occasion was pleasant and seemed to be enjoyed by all who were present. On two nights of the week the college building was handsomely illuminated, and sweet music was contributed by the brass band of Pine Grove, a pleasant village some four miles off. Professor Rothrock instructed and interested a large audience on Tuesday evening, by an able lecture on the Territory of Alaska and parts adjacent, which he explored a short time ago, as a botanist; and on Wednesday evening Professor Breneman gave a capital offhand lecture, with many beautiful and successful experiments on the nature and powers of gases, oxygen and nitrogen. the On the whole, reception week was a success, as the commencement of a custom intended to be kept up, and all who attended expressed the desire to return next year. Let it, therefore, be understood, that the college will hereafter be open to its friends the last week of every July-which is also the last week of the Spring Term; and that its hospitalities will be freely and cordially extended to all who may then favor it with their presence. Next year earlier notice will be given, and a more elaborate preparation made. Probably, in addition to evening entertainments in the way of Lectures by the Faculty, and Society exhibitions, a portion of the day-time will then be devoted to the inspection of the General and the Model Farm, and to the trial of agricultural implements. But of all this full notice will be give at the proper time. In the order of college work, since the progress already reported in June, it may be said that our in-door recitations, lectures and practice in the sciences studied went on to the end of the term regularly and pleasantly to all, and, we trust, profitably to the students. The Farm work also was attended to as well and rapidly as a somewhat crippled set of agricultural machines would permit. Mowers and reapers were out of order and frequently breaking, and wagons were old and constantly giving way in the same manner. But notwithstanding all drawbacks, over sixty tons of hay were made and housed, and sixteen hundred dozen of capital wheat cut and stored in the barn. During the August vacation a thousand. dozen of fine oats and the yield of ten acres of capital spring barley were harvested; but these two last named crops, from necessity and the absence of the students, were handled by hired labor, and the same is to be said as to the hauling out of the manure for the fall wheat. Next year this must be managed differently. As a somewhat remarkable agricultural fact, it may be noted that though the seed oats sown in the spring was little better than chaff weighing less than 20 pounds to the bushel,— yet the crop gathered was the finest, both in quantity and quality, the writer has ever seen,— yielding as far as can now be estimated 60 bushels to the acre, and weighing 39 pounds to the bushel; showing that the season has more to do in the production of a fine crop | strution to the students in the arts of mending than we are apt to suppose, and that superior or making. seed and fine culture will not of themselves secure success in farming. On the last day of August our students began to gather-and though we miss several here during the previous term-mostly caused by removals from the State or going into business, yet already the old number is again made up by new arrivals, and the prospect is that the second term of the year will show a slight increase over the first. Since July the garden, owing to the dry weather, has been little attended to, though producing in abundance all the necessaries for the table in its department; but the fall rains, now beginning, will soon revive its operations and cause its preparation for next year. In "potatoes and cabbage and each other dainty," it is quite fruitful and all its products of the best quality. During the month just closed, forty-six acres of wheat, four of Winter Barley, and two of Rye have been ploughed and sown, and so far as careful culture and good seed can avail, seem to promise good crops. Some thrashing has been done, and a large quantity of stones, gathered into piles in the spring, hauled off the orchard. A new turnpike from the college gate to the end of Kittany mountain, where it unites with the turnpike to Bellefonte,-has been commenced, and is to be in order for use before winter. There is also strong talk of a railway passing near the college from Lewisburg in Union county, to some point on the Juniata west of us; also a revival of the project of a railway from Lewistown, on the Juniata, to Bellefonte. It is to be hoped, and is probable, that one or the other will soon be constructed, and thus these teeming valleys have an outlet for their produce, and this institution an inlet for its friends. One thing has been very pleasant in the occurrences of the few weeks, since the opening of the present session-30th August:-Every returned student seemed to feel like getting home when he came back, and no regret was expressed that vacation was over. This is encouraging. It may be added, that amongst our additions to the force of the college, during the vacation, is that of a master mechanic, who has put the carpenter and blacksmith shop into full operation. All repairs are now done on the farm, and things in general, by the generality of his skill, are rapidly getting into that state of repair which not only saves money, but facilitates the use of implements, and imparts in DIFFERENT NAMES FOR GRADED SCHOOLS. We need not inform the reader that, in many Districts, Common Schools are of different grades, and that just in proportion to the prosperity and success of the schools in any district is the distinctness of its system of gradation. Neither need we state that every year the number of districts with graded schools is increasing; but just here is a practical difficulty often felt but not often stated: Directors desirous of grading their schools are generally at a loss not only to determine the number of grades and the dividing lines of study between them, but even to know by what names to distinguish them respectively. In large cities the number of grades is greater, necessarily, than in smaller towns; while in the latter they are more numerous than in the rural districts. One city will have its Primaries, Secondaries, Intermediates, Grammar and High Schools. Another will, perhaps, drop either the Intermediate or the Grammar grade; and still another will content itself with Primary, Secondary and High Schools. In small towns and densely peopled rural districts, frequently only the Primary and Secondary Schools are found; and again, both in town and country, several or all ot these grades will be in the same building in the form of a Union School. And still further to confuse this school nomenclature, some private or pay schools of high pretension take the name of High Schools, when they are of no very high standard amongst educational institutions; while on the other hand, some High Schools, of the common school family, actually claim rank with the Colleges in their course of study. All this is not only very unsatisfactory and confusing to Directors and others who have the improvement of the schools, by gradation, in charge, but is detrimental to the interests of education. In all conscience, there is a sufficient difference in standing and studies amongst our regular Colleges. Still, a college degree has to some extent, a fixed value, and is the testimonial of a liberal education. But when a youth tells you and shows you the certificate of it, that he has passed through the High, or the Intermediate, or the Secondary School of any particular city or district, what distinct idea does the document convey of the amount of his scholarship? Positively none; for the name of the grade he claims to have attained is Such a of different value in almost every district of cipline of the intellect in its larger grasp, and the State or the nation. transferring the mere memory work of the ruThis state of affairs not only tends to intro-diments to the lower institutions. duce confusion into our general school affairs, and to increase the difficulties of officers contemplating gradation, if it do not deter them from the work entirely. But worse than this, the practice of so-called High and other schools, with sounding titles but a low course of study, issuing diplomas and granting what are called degrees, brings disrepute upon all such documents, and must finally be of great injury to liberal learning, in the eye of the public. What is to be done in the premises if we are correct in our estimate of the evil? Frankly, we are at a loss to point out a full remedy; and, perhaps, no thorough one will be applied till the higher institutions-the colleges-shall agree to two things: 1. To abstain from all instruction in the merely preparatory branches for entrance upon their own proper course of study; and 2. To elevate the commencement of that course far above what it now is, leaving all rudimentary study to the lower institutions, and confining themselves to that higher course which deals wholly with thought and the dis course on their part would inevitably operate downward, as well as upward, most beneficially. The so-called High Schools, the Academies and the Grammar Schools, having thus thrown back upon them the work of preparation for the colleges, would in turn be elevated above their present grade; and in like manner the secondary schools, &c., would be proportionately elevated, and in this way all would be rendered distinct in their respective grades. But it may be long before this essential movement shall be made, at the head of the educational column; and it has therefore occurred to us that something may now be done by the authorities of the Common School System. Perhaps, if the present Superintendent of our State schools were to consider the subject in the light of his great experience in school matters, and offer some suggestions to Directors and others, on the subject, it might have a beneficial effect in the promotion of order and method where they are so needed. EDUCATIONAL INTELLIGENCE. DELAWARE.-The work at Swarthmore College is now so far advanced that a large portion of the building will be ready for occupation at the time fixed for the opening, which is the 21st of October. There will still be a great deal to do outside, in grading and laying out the grounds, but this can be finished at leisure. The officers now contemplate taking one hundred and fifty pupils, who will be graded into four classes, the highest to constitute a Freshman class in the collegiate department. The sexes will be apart in all domestic matters, but will recite and dine together, and ming e in social intercourse under proper supervision. Showy dress and expensive jewelry are to be prohibited. The entire course of instruction will cover seven years, three in the preparatory and four in the collegiate course. In admitting pupils, preference will be given to the children and wards of stockholders, and the children of members of the society of Friends, not stockholders, will have the next opportu nity. The price of board and tuition, with other necessary expenses, is to be $125 for the first term of thirteen weeks, and $175 for the second term of twenty weeks, or $300 for the entire term of thirty-four weeks. No extra charges are made for higher branches, as the object is to raise the standard of education as much as possible. The officers of the college, so far as they have been appointed, are as follows:-President, Edward Parrish; Matron, Helen G. Longstreth; Professor of Ethics, Chemistry and the Physical Sciences, Edward Parrish; Professor of Languages and Principal of the Preparatory Department, Edward H. Magill; Professor of Rhetoric, Literature and History, Anna Hallowell; Resident Teachers, Emily Hallowell and Susan Cunningham. Additional teachers and lecturers will aid in the instruction at inter vals. An effort, we understand, will be made to take two hundred instead of one hundred and fifty pupils at the opening, as the increased outlay necessary to provide for that number will not be very great, and the applications are numerous. The managers are very desirous that outstanding subscriptions shall be paid up as soon as possible, in order that the necessary furniture and apparatus may be obtained in good season. LANCASTER: A graded school has just been erected in Manheim, at a cost of $12,000, which, everything considered, is not surpassed by any in the county. It is two stories in height, has been supplied with Uhlinger's furniture throughout, and the play-ground attached is a full acre in extent. This, for an enrolment of 215 pupils in all the departments, would be highly creditable to towns of greater pretensions than Manheim. During the summer vacation the high schools of the city of Lancaster were neatly refitted, the Girls' department being supplied, through Bancroft & Co., with the best single desks for schools of their grade that we have yet seen. It is the design of the school authorities that a commodious building for the Boys' department shall be erected as soon as the necessary outlay can be afforded. The Normal School at Millersville has re-opened with the old corps of Professors and a very full attendance of students. Last session seemed to have carried the enrolment to its highest possible figure, but the present will do still better. The Model School attached to this institution is the best of its class in Pennsylvania. Prof. J. V. Montgomery has been at its head for the past nine years, during which time it has grown in size and usefulness. Careful drill is given in the common school branches, together with history, the Constitution of the |