and repairing and furnishing the halls and rooms used for the meetings of the General Assembly and its committees, shall be performed under contract, to be given to the lowest responsible bidder below a maximum price, and under such regulations as shall be prescribed by law; no member or officer of any department of the government shall be in any way interested in such contracts, and all such contracts shall be subject to the approval of the Governor, State Auditor and State Treasurer.

31. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills.

The General Appropriation Bill shall embrace nothing but appropriations for the ordinary expenses of the Executive, Legislative and Judicial departments of the State, interest on the public debt, and for the public schools; all other appropriations shall be made by separate bills, each embracing but one subject.

33. No money shall be paid out of the Treasury except upon appropriations made by law, and on warrant drawn by the proper officer in pursuance thereof; and a regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published annually, in such manner as may be by law directed.

34. No appropriation shall be made to any charitable or educational institution not under the absolute control of the State, other than Normal schools, established by law for the professional training of teachers for the public schools of the State, except by a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house.

35. No act of the General Assembly shall authorize the investment of any trust fund by executors, administrators, guardians, or other trustees, in the bonds or stock of any private corporation; and any such acts now existing are avoided, saving investments heretofore made.

36. The power to change the venue, in civil and criminal causes, is vested in the courts, to be exercised in such manner as shall be provided by law.

When the General Assembly shall be convened in special session, there shall be no legislation upon subjects other than

those designated in the proclamation of the Governor calling such sessions.

38. No State office shall be continued or created for the inspection or measuring of any merchandise, manufacture or commodity; but any county or municipality may appoint such officers, when authorized by law.

39. No act of the General Assembly changing the seat of government of the State shall become a law until the same shall have been submitted to the qualified electors of the State at a general election, and approved by a majority of such electors voting on the same, and such act shall specify the proposed new location.

40. A member of the General Assembly who shall corruptly solicit, demand or receive, or consent to receive, directly or indirectly, for himself, or for another, from any company, corporation or person, any money, office, appointment, employment, reward, thing of value or enjoyment, or of personal advantage or promise thereof, for his vote or official influence, or for with holding the same, or with an understanding, expressed or implied, that his vote or official action shall be in any way influenced thereby, or who shall solicit or demand any such money or other advantage, matter or thing aforesaid for another, as the consideration of his vote or official influence, or for withholding the same, or shall give or withhold his vote or influence in consideration of the payment or promise of such money, advantage, matter or thing to another, shall be guilty of bribery within the meaning of this Constitution, and shall incur the disabilities provided for such offense, and such additional punishment as is, or shall be provided by law.

41. Any member who shall directly or indirectly, offer, give or promise any money or thing of value, testimonial, privilege or personal advantage to any executive or judicial officer, or member of the General Assembly, to influence him in the performance of any of his public or official duties, shall be guilty of bribery and be punished in such manner as shall be provided by law.

42. The offense of corrupt solicitation of members of the General Assembly, or of public officers of this State, or of any municipal division thereof, and any occupation or practice of solicitation of such members, or officers, to influence their official

action, shall be defined by law, and shall be punished by fine and imprisonment.

43. A member of the General Assembly, who has a personal or private interest in any measure or bill, proposed or pending before the General Assembly shall disclose the fact to the house of which he is a member, and shall not vote thereon.

44. In all elections by the General Assembly, the members shall vote viva voce, and the votes shall be entered on the journals.

45. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be necessary and proper to decide differences by arbitrators, to be appointed by the parties who may choose that mode of adjustment.

46. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly, at its first session after the ratification of this Constitution, and within every subsequent period of ten years, to make provision by law for the revision, digesting, and promulgating of the public statutes of the State of a general nature, both civil and criminal. 47. The General Assembly shall pass such penal laws as they may deem expedient to suppress the evil practice of duelling.

48. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to regulate by law the cases in which deductions shall be made from the salaries of public officers, for neglect of duty in their official capacities, and the amount of such deductions.

49. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to require the several counties of this State to make adequate provision for the maintenance of the poor.

50. The General Assembly shall not have power to authorize any municipal corporation to pass any laws inconsistent with the general laws of this State.

51. In the event of annexation of any foreign territory to this State, the General Assembly shall enact laws extending to the inhabitants of the acquired territory all the rights and privileges which may be required by the terms of the acquisition, anything in this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding. 52. The General Assembly shall not tax the property, real or personal, of the State, counties, or other municipal corporations, or cemeteries; nor lots in incorporated cities or towns, or within one mile of any city or town, to the extent of one acre, nor lots one mile or more distant from such cities or towns, to the extent

of five acres, with the building thereon, when the same are used exclusively for religious worship, for schools, or for purposes purely charitable; nor such property, real or personal, to an extent not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars in value, as may be used exclusively for agricultural or horticultural associations of a public character.

53. The General Assembly shall by law prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary to ascertain the value of personal and real property exempted from sale under legal process by this Constitution, and to secure the same to the claimant thereof selected.

54. The State shall not engage in works of internal improvement, nor lend money or its credit in aid of such; nor shall the State be interested in any private or corporate enterprise, or lend money, or its credit to any individual, association or corporation.

55. The General Assembly shall have no power to authorize any county, city, town, or other subdivision of this State, to lend its credit, or to grant public money or thing of value in aid of, or to any individual, association or corporation whatever, or to become a stockholder in any such corporation, association or company, by issuing bonds or otherwise.

56. There can be no law of this State impairing the obligation of contracts by destroying or impairing the remedy for their enforcement; and the General Assembly shall have no power to revive any right or remedy which may have become barred by lapse of time or by any statute of this State.

ARTICLE V.

Executive Department.

1. The executive department shall consist of a Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, State Auditor, AttorneyGeneral, and Superintendent of Education, and a Sheriff for each county.

2. The supreme executive power of this State shall be vested in a Chief Magistrate, who shall be styled "The Governor of the State of Alabama."

3. The Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, State Auditor, and Attorney-General, shall be elected by the qualified electors of this State, at the same time and places appointed for the election of members of the General Assembly.

4. The returns of every election for Governor, Secretary of State, State Auditor, State Treasurer, and Attorney-General, shall be sealed up and transmitted by the returning officers to the seat of government, directed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who shall, during the first week of the session to which said returns shall be made, open and publish them in the presence of both houses of the General Assembly in joint convention. The persons having the highest number of votes for either of said offices shall be declared duly elected; but, if two or more shall have an equal and the highest number of votes for the same office, the General Assembly, by joint vote, without delay, shall choose one of said persons for said office. Contested elections for Governor, Secretary of State, State Auditor, State Treasurer, and Attorney-General, shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly, in such manner as may be prescribed by law.

5. The Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, State Auditor, and Attorney-General, shall hold their respective offices for the term of two years from the time of their installation in office, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified.

6. The Governor shall be at least thirty years of age when elected, and shall have been a citizen of the United States ten years, and a resident citizen of this State at least seven years next before the day of his election.

7. The Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, State Auditor, and Attorney-General, shall reside at the seat of government of this State during the time they continue in office, except in cases of epidemics; and they shall receive compensation for their services, which shall be fixed by law, and which shall not be increased or diminished during the term for which they shall have been elected.

8. The Governor shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.

9. The Governor may require information in writing under oath, from the officers of the executive department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices; and may at any time require information in writing, under oath, from all the officers and managers of State institutions, upon any subject relating to their condition, management and expenses of their respective offices and institutions; and any such officer or mana