.arlendirmek to make marry او لندرك 2.

.choghaltmag to make abound چوغا لتمق ...

.eyileshdirmek to make grow gradually better ايواشدرمك 4.

§ 282. VI. There are some exceptions to the abovementioned rules; as:

.yanashmaq to approach يا نا شوق

: yan side یان

: sara yellow صاری .sararmag to grow yellow صار ارمق .sousamag to thirst صوصا ouzaman to longate اوزامق .parlamaq to shine پارلامق .ajiqmag to be hungry آجقمق

Form verbs from the following words.

av game. 2. p. mechúr a seal. 3. a.

مهر

I., II., V. 1.

béñz countenance,ékshi sour, is génj young.

كوج ؛ آل goujan bosom قوجاق,pay portion پای IV

يشيل ، red قیزیل ، كوچوك iri big VI ایری hard

The Potential Verb.

§ 283. To be able to do an action is expressed

by the verb la

bilmek to know, to be able' put after

hé

the root of any verb, with he joined to it. This is called in Turkish the Potential verb. It somewhat resembles the Potential mood of the English verb. But this is a class of verbs in the Turkish language, which has all the moods, tenses and modifications which the regular verbs have; as:

. .yazabilmek to be able to write, i يازه بيلمك : يازه ، yazmag يازمق

to know how to write.

.sevébilmek to be able to love, i, e سوه يلمك : سوه ، sevmek سومك

to know how to love.

، bilmek بيلمك

.bilebilmek to be able to know, i. e بيله ييلمك : بيله

to know how to know.

§ 284. If the root of the verb end in vowel, a yé is inserted between the stem and hé (§ 53); as:

sooyleyebilmek to be able سويله يه ييلمك ؛ سويله seylemek V سويلهمك

to speak.

§ 285. The negative which expresses inability or impossibility, is made by adding . -mamaq or

memek to the stem of the verb instead of- مه مك ، ممك

bilmék; as:

یازه بیلمه مك yaza mamag not to be able to write (not یازه مامق .ogouya'mamaq not to be able to read او قويه مامق .gidémémék not to be able to go كيده ممك or كيده مه مك

Accelerative Verbs.

§ 286. By adding the verb El

vermék to the

root of any verb, another verb is formed which expresses doing the same action, but in a very off-hand way. This verb is called by native grammariansçã Jeś Fee-li Tajil Accelerative verb or Verb of Facility.

§ 287. If the root of the original verb end in a consonant it takes a vowel S yé after it; and if it end in a vowel the syllable -yi must be added to it (§ 53); as:

.yazi vermek to write quickly يازى ويرمك ؛ يازV : يازمق .ogouyou vermek to read quickly او قويی ويرمك ؛ اوقوV : اوقومق

تعليم ٤٠

Exercise 40.

Change the following verbs into the affirmative and negative forms of the Potential and Accelerative verbs.

ايجمك ، آچمق 2 ؛ اورمق ، قيرمق ، كورمك ، كلمك .1 ، كوسترمك .4 ؛ كسدرمك ، deymeh دو كمك .3 ؛ deokmék دوكمك ؛ وعظ ايتمك ، سويلتمك ، كچيرمك 5 ؛ cortinmek اورتونمك ، مهر لتدرمك 8 ؛ باشلامق ، هدیه اولنمق ، آلامق 7 ؛ ترجمه ايتمك .6 باشلاغق ، باشلائق 9 ؛ باشلاما مق

alk. Conversation.

1

۱ اولنمك نيتنده ميسكز ? - خير افندم ! بن اولنمك نيتنده

د کلم . آنام بابام بنى اولندرمك نيتنده درلو. ۲ شو قدحلری ییقامق

لازم می ? - اوت افندم ! هپسنی ده تميز لك لازمدر

آرسلان

آولامق قولای میدر ؟ بوسنه نزه يه كيتمك مرامنده سكز ! - صامسونه عزیمت و عودت ايتمك نيتنده يم . ه بو درسی ترجمه ايتمك فولايميدر ? - يك قولايدر

خير اكوجدر ؛ هم ده چرق تهلکه لیدر .

1. niyét, méram intention. 2. téhliké danger.

.Reading Exercise تعليم قرائت

.The Provinces ولا يتلر

ممالك محروسه شاهانه نك اوروپا قطعه سنده بولنان ولایتلری شونار در ادرنه ، سلانيك ، قوصوه ، یانيه ، اشقودره ، مناستر.

آسیا قطعه سنده بولنان ولايتلر : هجاز ، يمن، بصره ، بغداد ، موصل

<

حلب ، سوريه ، بیروت، خداوندکار ، قونیه ، آنقره (انکورو) ، آیدین ،

آطنه ، قسطمونی، سیواس ، دیاربکر ، بیتلیس، ارضروم ، معمورت العزيز ، وان ، طربزون . افریقا قطعه سنده : طربلس ؛ آق دكيزده جزائر بحر سفيد . بونارك مركز لری شونار در هجاز کی جده ؛ سوریه نککی شام ، خداوند کارککی بروسه آیدینگکی از میر ، معمورت العزیز ککی خرپوت ، و دیگر لرکی همناملری اولان شهرلو در .

Vilayétlér.

Mémaliki Mahrouséyi Shahanéniñ Avropa qit'asînda1 boulounan vilayétléri shounlar dir: Edirné2, Selanik3, Qosova, Yan'ya, Ishqodra, Monastîr.

Asiya qit'asinda boulounan vilayétlér: Hijaz, Yémén, Basra, Baghdad, Mousoul, Haléb, Sûriya5, Beyrout, Khudavendigiar, Qonya", Angaré (Engúrú), Aydîn, Adana, Qastamouni, Sivas, Diyarbékir, Bitlis, Erzroum, Mamourétúl-Aziz, Van, Trabzoun.

Afriqa qit'asinda: Tarablous9; Aq-Dénizdé: 1Jézayiri sbahri sefid 10.

Bounlarin mérkézléri 11 shounlar dir: Hijazinki Jid'dé; Suriyaninki Sham 12, Khúdaréndikiarinki Brousa, Aydininki Izmir 13, Mamourétúl-Azizinki Kharpout, vé digérlérinki hémnamlari 14 olan 15 shehirler dir.

Words. 1. part, segment. 2. Adrianople. 3. Thessalonica. 4. Aleppo. 5. Syria. 6. Iconium. 7. Galatia. 8. Cilicia. 9. Tripoli. 10. (the islands of the White Sea) Archipelago, Rhodes. 11. centre, central city of the province. 12. Damascus. 13. Smyrna. 14. having the same name, homonymous. 15. which are.

The Derivative forms of the Infinitive.

§ 288. There are three formations of verbal Substantives derived from the Infinitive: By appending to the Infinitive the syllables-lîg, -lik, and by affixing to the root of the verb the terminations

یش ;ma, me- مه

s. -ma, -mé; -ish, -ish, the three derivative forms of the Infinitive are obtained; as:

G... sévmék to love: 1. – sévméklik Loving, the action of

loving.

yazmaqtag Writing, the action از مقلق 1 yazmag to write يازمن

of writing.

2. Vμm sér: agm sévmé Loving, the action of loving.

سو

3. VÖ sév: *¦μ– sévish Loving, the mood of loving.

سو

§ 289. Turkish Infinitives and verbals are frequently used substantively, and when so used they can be declined like substantives, with or without the pronominal affixes.