vessel from again attempting to enter the Seine during the existence of the blockade, and also stating the reason for their permitting her to pass; you are, in pursuance of his Majesty's pleasure signified to us as above-mentioned, hereby required and directed to govern yourself accor dingly.

Given under our hands, the 6th of Sept 1903. Το (Signed) &c. &c. The respective Flag Officers, Captains, Commanders, and Commanding Officers of his Majesty's Ships and Vessels.

INTELLIGENCE.

FOREIGN.-Abdul Wachab, who has, for some time past, been in possession of Mecca, has laid close siege to Medina. The Pashas of Damascus and Bagdad have both received orders to oppose him, and the former is making preparation for that purpose, but the latter is so completely occupied with the defence of his frontiers that he is unable to join in the attack.--The real cause of the late incursion of Passwan Oglou into Wallachia, was to supply a deficiency in his military chest, and having obtained the necessary sum from the Hospodar, he retired.The new organization of the Gallicias is completed, and the government definitively fixed at Lemberg. The authorities which were established at Cracow have been dissolved: several of the mem. bers will be continued at Lemberg, and the others will be pensioned. The operation of the new system will commence on the 15th of October.--On the 25th of May, the General Landamman of Swisserland wrote to the King of Prussia, to acquaint him of the change which had taken place in the government of that country. On the 17th of July he received, through the medium of M. De Montmolin, President of the Council of State at Neufchatel, his Majes ty's answer, 66 congratulating Swisserland "on the establishment of a definitive constitution, which guarantees its indepen"dence and secures its tranquillity;" and, at the same time, "assuring them of his constant eagerness to give them proof of "his friendship." This letter was dated on the 22d of June, and was read in the Diet on the 8th of August.--The French Government has decreed that no neutral vessel which has either cleared out from, or has touched at any English port, shall enter any of the ports of the Republic; and that no flags of truce or packets from England shall be admitted into the ports between Brest and the Scheldt. They have also placed an embargo on all fishing boats of above seven tons burden, and directed that even those under that size shall fish at

a short distance from shore, and that their crews shall be composed only of those who are not subject to the maritime conscription. Decrees have been passed for constructing and repairing roads, for forming and widening canals between the Aa and the Scheldt, for raising the embankments and sinking the beds of those rivers; for cleansing, deepening, and improving the ports of Gravelines, Dunkirk, and Ostend. The Rhine, the Meuse, and the Scheldt are to be connected by a canal, and there is to be another between Rheims and the sea. Nine docks for ships of the line, and three for frigates are to be constructed at Antwerp of the former two are to be completed before the 21st September, 1804, and the rest before the 20th of December. A proportionate number of dock yards, magazines, &c. are to be annexed to these docks, and a bason is immediately to be made at Terneuse, capable of holding twenty-five ships of the line and a proportionate number of frigates and smaller vessels. Large quantities of ship timber are ordered to be marked, and cut down without delay, and conveyed to the nearest ports, under the di

rection of the Minister of Marine.

DOMESTIC.-The trials of those who were charged with being concerned in the late rebellion in Ireland still proceed; and the decisions of justice are carried into effect without disturbing the peace of the city. Several of the rebels have been found guilty, and some have been executed: one has been acquitted. Thomas Russell, who under the title of General of the Northern

District, under the Provisional Government, issued a proclamation to the inhabitants of that district, was arrested on the evening of the 9th inst. He is one of the principal conspirators and his apprehension is considered as important.A proclamation for the observance of a General Fast throughout England, on the 19th of October, has been signed by his Majesty in Council.-The King has been pleased to appoint William Wass Langford, Esq. to be his Majesty's Agent and Consul General at Tripoli.

--The King has been pleased to grant the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the

Right Honourable George Keith, Baron Keith of Stonehaven Marischal, in the county of Kincardine, Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Bath, and Admiral of the Blue Squadron of his Majesty's Fleet, and to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Baron Keith, of Banheath, in the county of Dumbarton, and in default of such issue, the

dignity of a Baroness to Margaret Mercer Elphinstone, only daughter of the said Baron Keith, and the dignity of a Baron to the heirs male of her body lawfully begotten. --On Saturday last, a person who called himself Cobbett, and who said he had just arrived from Guernsey, stopped in a postchaise at Salt-Hill, and while he was taking some refreshment at one of the principal inns of that place, inquired of the landlord, which was the speediest mode of obtail ing an interview with his Majesty, urging as the moive of this inquiry, that he had something of great in portance to communicate to him, and would only do it personally. The landlord suspecting him of some evil designs against his Majesty, imparted his suspicions to Lord Rosslyn, who had the stranger apprehended and sent to London for examination. On Wednesday, another person, armed with a sword, attempted to force his way into the Leveeroom, at St. James', under pretence of seeing the Duke of Portland: he was, however, arrested, and after undergoing a long private examination at Bow Street, was committed to the House of Correction.The letters which have been received by the Jast Jamaica mail, are silent on the subject of the conspiracy, which was said to have been discovered among the negroes in that island.

MILITARY.-The Danish army assem'bled in Holstein receives daily reinforce ments. It is supposed to consist of more than 20,000 men, and so eager is the Prince of Denmark to collect a large force on that frontier, that the garrisons of Copenhagen and Elsineur have been considerably reduced, and the military have been chiefly withdrawn from the interior of the kingdom. --The papers and letters which have recently been received from the Continent, give no information respecting the movements of the French armies, either in Italy, Hanover, or Holland, or on the coasts of France. The follov ing is a statement of the returns of the Etish army, made at the commencement of the last mouth :-In England 10,000 Guards; 17.000 Cavalry (Regulars); 3,000 Artillery (Regulars); 46.400 infan ry (Regulars) including about 20,000 then raised for the Army of Reserve; and 49,000 Militia, exclusive of the Supplementary. In Ireland: -34,000 Regulars, and 20,000 Militia. An unofficial paper states the regular force now in Great Britain to be nearly 100,000 men, the militia about 100 000, and the volunteers almost 800,000. The force in Ireland has also been greatly augmented, and the volunteers

are very numerous. A great number of miners have been employed, for some weeks past, under the direction of an officer of the Royal Engineers, in placing the fortress of Pendennis, in Cornwall, in a state of defence; barra ks are immediately to be erect ed there for S00 men, and a material addition will be made to the train. —— I he brigade under the command of Gen. Moore, which was said to have embarked on a secret expedition, still remains encamped at Shorn Chiff, near Dover.--Gen. Dundas has just finished a minute inspection of all the works on the coast of Kent, and has expressed great satisfaction at the preparations which have been made for its defence.

Government has resolved not to accept the offers of any volunteer corps, after the number shall, in any county, amount to that at which the suspension of the General Defence Bill is authorized by law, unless such offers shall be free from all claim of exemp tions, and shall occasion no expense. The volunteers exceeding that number are to be considered as supernumeraries attached to the different corps, but have no title to exemptions. Returns are to be made of all the arms which may be appropriated to the use of the volunteer, and those who cannot be s pplied with muskets are to be armed with pines.

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NAVAL. The Capitan Pacha, with part of the fleet destined for Egypt, set sail from Constantinople on the 24th of June last; and he Turkish High Admiral followed, two days after, with the rest. The whole armament consists of 1 ship of 120 guns, 6 of 74, and 8 figates; and has on board a considerable number of troops. figates are now equipping at Woolwich and Deptford, for the defence of the Thames, and are, when completed to be put under the direction of the Corporation of the Trinity House On the 11th inst. Capt. Burke in the Sea Goll, after a chase of five hours, engaged the Lord Nelson, English East-India ship: the contest continued several hours, with great obstinacy, but Sir Edward Pellew's squadron heaving in sight, the Lord Nelson struck. She had been boarded and captured, thirteen days before, by the French ship Bellona, of 36 guns and 320 men. On beard the Sea Gull 2 seamen were killed, and the First Lieut 7 seamen, and 1 marine were wounded. Te engageraent between the Bellona and the Lord Nelson continued an hour and fifteen minutes, during which time five were killed and 31 wounded on board the Lord Nelson. Various decrees have been issued by the French Government,

directing the building of gun vessels and fat-bottomed boats in the different ports of the Republic: 2 frigates and 12 gun-boats are also to be built by order and at the expense of the Italian Republic, in the ports of France, and are to be at the disposal of the First Consul, during the war. 4,462 conscripts have been placed under the direction of the Minister of Marine, to be employed as labourers in the ports and maritime arsenals. Admiral Bruix, who at present commands at Boulogne, is appointed Grand Admiral of the National Flotilla, now preparing to act against England.The late numbers of the Moniteur give an account of the several English vessels, which have been taken at different times and carried into the ports of the Republic.

SUMMARY OF POLITICS. RUSSIA AND MALTA-It was stated, in the preceding sheet, p. 380, that the mediation of Russia had terminated in a proposition, on the part of that power, to Lave, herself, the possession of Malta, for ten years; and, that this proposition had been rejected by his Majesty's ministers.

*

has frequently been asserted, that Russia wished to have Malta; and some pretty god reasons, why she should not be perTitted to have it, were advanced in Mr. Cobbet's Letters on the Preliminaries of Peace; but now, perhaps, it will not be unseasonable to state then a little in detail, ad to introduce such others as have been ggested by time and additional information-The attention of the court of Russia las, for a long time, been turned towards De southern provinces of that vast empire, where the soil is excellent; where the Climate is favourable to every production even of the countries the most favoured by Lature in Europe; and where all the great rivers, which penetrate deep into the heart of the empire, either fall into the Black Sea, or may, by the means of short canals, be made, at a very small expense, to join others that do run that course. The most important articles of Russian produce grow Learer to these rivers, and to the coast of the Black Sea, than to the Baltic; few of the Black Sea ports are frozen up in winter, as are those of the Baltic; and, in the former the Russians may have a nursery of sailors, from a mercantile marine, and, at all times, Lan the Imperial fleet. These opinions, kong since adopted at St. Petersburgh, have led the Court of Russia to turn its

# See Letters on the Peace, new cdition, p. 42.

attention towards the Crimea, and the southern provinces, infinitely more fertile than the Crimea itself; and, the result has been, a fixed persuasion, that the natural channel for the trade of Russia, is the Black Sea, and not the Baltic, a persuasion in which every person well-informed upon the subject seems to anticipate.- Peter I. had not that command of the Black Sea which the present emperor has: he judged rightly in making the best use he could of the Baltic, and his relative situation required the collection of his force in the north. Things are now changed. But, it is no less certain that even Peter I. had in view to prepare the way for driving the Turks out of Europe and for emancipating the Greeks. Without, however, going so far back; the Empress Catharine had actually put her hand to the work; and there is good reason to believe, that she intended to remove the court to those southern parts of her empire. On the banks of the Boristhenes, near the cataracts, she had begun to build a most magnificent city, and named it Catherinoslau (i. e. Catherine's Glory.) The palaces, the colleges for the departments of government, the university, &c. were all on a colossal scale, and in the purest stile of Grecian architecture. Cherson was built at a vast expense, and on one of its gates in cribed "The road to "Constantinople; " but it was found that the air was unwholesome, and that the channels between the islands at the mouth of the river were too shallow, immediately sprung up another new city, Nicolael, on the point at the junction of the Bog and the Irgulitz. Taganrog, on the sea of Asoph, is become an important city. —Â'l the sea-port towns of the Crimea are repaired; on the mouth of the Niester, a city is built, which carries on a considerable trade, and a harbour is formed by the erection of a mole or pier: it is named Odesa. In short, every port or town is improved by whatever can tend to make it convenient and advantageous to trade and mercantile navigation The imperia! fleet is stationed at Sebastopole in the Crimea, which is a large, safe, and beautiful harbour, and arsenals, docks, &c. are erected there. Millions of acres of a soil, more rich than any other in Europe, ie uncultivated, not as in America covered with woods, but with the most luxuriant grass and clover, which would fatten innumerable herds and flocks, and which require only the plough, without any kind of manure whatever, to produce mot abundant crops" of corn. These lands will, by the new

canals, and the new trade, be brought into cultivation, and a considerable population is daily removing southwards. At the time that the Empress Catharine made her famous journey to visit these provinces, the French minister, Count de Segur, took an opportunity most dexterously to insinuate that the future prosperity of all these fine countries must, in a great measure, depend on their commerce with France; and accordingly, she concluded a treaty of commerce with him, which Mr. Fitzherbert (Lord St. Hellens) could not obtain. Were the Republic, as she probably will be, mistress of the Mediterrannean, there is little doubt, that her commerce with Russia, in those parts, would be as extensive as that of Great Britain to the Baltic. The French will carry to Russia, wine, oil, dried fruits, silks, cloths, sugar, coffee, indigo, spices, and thousands of articles of luxury, which Russia does not produce or manufacture: they will take from her, hemp, flax, iron, masts, timber, tallow, furs, leather, salt provisions, (beef, pork, and fish,) isinglass, &c. This commercial intercourse will be mutually advantageous, and it admits of no rivalry, as the products and manufactures of the two countries are of different kinds. The French will supply Italy, Spain, Barbary, Egypt, and even the greater part of Turkey, and will be the carrier, of the commerce of those countries. With these facts before us, it requires no great degree of political sagacity to perceive, that the Russian merchants ardently wish to see the English out of Malta, and the whole of the Mediterranean; for while we remain there, whenever a war breaks out, we instantly put a stop to the French trade. The Russian court, too, must see with much uneasiness, the English established in such a manner to be able not only to block up the imperial fleets in the Black Sea, but even to enter that sea and to destroy the fleets and the ports where it may seek shelter. It is sincerely to be hoped, that no act, on the part of Russia, may ever justify a measure of this sort good policy, on both sides, dictates indissoluble friendship, but, of this friendship the securest bond undoubtedly is, the possession of Malta by Great Bri tain.-How Malta came to be given up by treaty, and how a new war came to be waged for the sake of retaining it, the people must inquire of Mr. Addington and Lord Hawkesbury. These persons may sneer; but, they may rest assured, that the day will come, when they will, with fear and trembling, be compelled to render an ac

count of their conduct: Mr. Dundas (now Lord Melville) long ago pronounced judg ment upon them. -It is right that the public should know, that with respect to Malta, Mr. Pitt was most shamefully deceived by the ministers. They laid before hin every statement in favour of the sur

render of that invaluable possession; but, all the statements against it, all the remonstrances of the Maltese themselves, and all the memorials of other persons, they carefully hid from his sight; and thus they cheated him into an approbation of the most flagitious part of their conduct.

THE PURITANICAL MINISTRY, have, in their pamphlet, entitled, "CURSORY REMARKS, &c. &c." boasted of not having employed, during the last elections, any of those means, which other ministers had been in the practice of employing. The falsehood of this boast is notorious, and a correspondent, at page 397, has taken the trouble to lay before the public some facts well calculated to produce a just opinion respecting these pretenders to purity.-—It should be known, too, that all the facts stated in the letter to the Editor, and several orhers equally shameful, were communicated to Mr. Addington, who received the complaint with the utmost indifference, trusting that it never would come before the public.

-The influence of government was exercised as extensively as on any former occasion, and, indeed, with a profligacy surpassing all former example, joined to a meanness peculiar to the Addingtons and Hawkesburies, but particularly the former.

-One would have liked to see the tender husband, the affectionate father, the candid conscientious minister, Mr. Henry Addington, turning upon his heel from the complaint of the blind man, who had been stripped of all his little comforts of life, merely because he had followed the dictates of his conscience! The Tinman of Plymouth may now hold up his head. It may not be amiss, on this occasion, to revert to the Speech of the Attorney General, against the poor silly Tinman. My lords," said he, "I think it is due to the age and country, "in which we live, to state, what, indeed, "is universally believed, that there never

was a period in the history of this country, or of any other, in which the charac"ters of persons in an exalted station of public life, were SO free from all suspicion "of this species of offence, as the present moment; and, that there is no character, "who stands in the public eye, more free "from the chance of even the worst, or the "most malignant enemy, insinuating such

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