Coffin. The reception was in the midst of a drenching rain, but was, nevertheless, attended by a great concourse of people. Six years before this umbrellas or umbrilloes," as they were called were first used in Boston, and were, doubtless, put in requisition on this occasion. Nearly all the British troops that set foot in Boston landed at this wharf. It was also the scene of the embarkation of the 5th and 38th for Breed's Hill, who left so many of their number on its green slope.

The stores on the wharf, deserted by most of their owners, were used during the siege for the storage of military and naval stores, of which a considerable quantity was recovered by Quartermaster-General Mifflin, besides General Gage's chariot, which was taken out of the dock broken, -when our forces entered the town. After the evacuation, the British fleet remained for some time anchored at Nantasket, and was a source of continual alarm to the people. General Benjamin Lincoln organized a force which embarked from Long Wharf and took positions at Long and Pettick's Islands, Hull, Point Alderton, and elsewhere. The battery on Long Island sent a shot through the upper works of Commodore Banks's ship, when he signalled the fleet to get under way, blew up the lighthouse, and vexed the waters of Boston harbor no more.

When the news of the Embargo of 1812 reached the town it caused the greatest consternation. All the vessels that could get away before the port closed did so. Sunday, April 5, was as busy a day as any of the remaining six. Long Wharf, and every other, was crowded with trucks, sailors, and longshoremen. About fifty sail went to sea before the flag of Embargo was raised on Fort Hill.

The embarkation of the troops which were to force the American works at Breed's Hill, from this wharf and from the North Battery (Battery Wharf), was a scene to be remembered. The ships of war furnished the boats, which were in charge of Collingwood, — afterwards so famous as Nelson's lieutenant, then a midshipman. Frothingham graphically describes the display:

"When a blue flag was displayed as a signal, the fleet, with field

pieces in the leading barges, moved towards Charlestown. The sun was shining in meridian splendor; and the scarlet uniforms, the glistening armor, the brazen artillery, the regular movement of the boats, the flashes of fire, and the belchings of smoke formed a spectacle brilliant and imposing."

Hark, from the town a trumpet! The barges at the wharf

Are crowded with the living freight, and now they 're pushing off.
With clash and glitter, trump and drum, in all its bright array,

Behold the splendid sacrifice move slowly o'er the bay!'

CHAPTER IV.

BRATTLE SQUARE AND THE TOWN DOCK.

Old Cornhill. Paul Revere. Amos and Abbott Lawrence. - Boylston's Alley. Barracks of the 29th. Blue Anchor. - Brattle Street Church. General Gage. — Howe, Clinton, and Burgoyne. — John Adams. — Headquarters of Stage-Coaches. Dock Square. - The Conduit. Town Dock Described. Quincy Market. Origin of Markets in Boston. - The Triangular Warehouse. Roebuck Passage. Clinton Street. - The Old Market Museum. - Old Cocked Hat. - Faneuil Hall. - D'Estaing. Lafayette. Jackson. - Prince de Joinville. Jerome Bonaparte. — Lord Ashburton. — The Portraits. Corn Court. Hancock House. Talleyrand. State Custom House. The Conscription Riot.

"

UR way lies through that part of Old Cornhill from State Street to Dock Square. The Town Pump, which has been referred to, stood in the middle of Cornhill, on a line with the north side of Court Street, giving room for vehicles to pass on either side. A drinking-fountain at the sidewalk would not inappropriately mark the place.

At No. 50 Cornhill, coinciding with Crocker and Brewster's bookstore, we find Paul Revere, a man whose name occurs frequently in connection with the history of Boston. Descended from the sturdy old Huguenots, whose ancient family name was Rivoire, Paul Revere began business as a goldsmith, but, erelong, took up the art of engraving on copper, in which he was self-taught; a fact evident enough in his early attempts.

Of his engravings of Dr. Mayhew, and the Rescinders, he might have said with Beau Brummel, "These are my failures." "The Massacre," "Cromwell's Head," etc., show a somewhat truer hand.

But

"Copperplate, with almanacks Engraved upon 't, and other knacks,"

did not fill the measure of Revere's ingenuity. He put in operation the first powder-mill in the province, visiting Philadelphia where was the only mill in the Colonies for this purpose.

The proprietor would only permit the Boston mechanic to go through his mill; but this was enough, and the Provincial Congress soon had powder. Revere was of the Tea Party; was lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of militia raised after the evacuation; and was in the ill-starred Penobscot expedition of 1779. After the peace of 1783 he established a cannon and bell foundry at the North End, and, later, works at Canton for the manufacture of malleable copper bolts, spikes, etc. A company at the latter place still bears his name. Paul Revere was also the first President of the Mechanic Charitable Association.

When the engraver was at work upon the caricature of the seventeen members of the Legislature who voted, in 1768, to rescind the resolution to issue a circular to the Colonies calling a convention to oppose taxation without representation, entitled "A warm place, Hell," Dr. Church, who afterwards betrayed the patriot cause, dropped in, and, seeing what Revere was doing, seized a pen and wrote:

"O brave Rescinders! to yon yawning cell,
Seventeen such miscreants will startle hell.
There puny villains damned for petty sin,

On such distinguished scoundrels, gaze and grin;
The outdone devil will resign his sway,

He never curst his millions in a day."

When Amos Lawrence first came to Boston, in 1807, from his native town of Groton, he began business in Cornhill, on the corner which makes the turn into Dock Square. We are assured that the rental of $700 per annum seemed, at that time, to presage ruin to the future millionnaire. Mr. Lawrence, whom we find set down as a shopkeeper, removed afterwards to the situation on the opposite side of Cornhill, now occupied by a well-known carpet firm. At this time he boarded with Mrs. Dexter, in Portland Street, as did also his brother Abbott, an apprentice in his store. The munificent public and private charities of Amos Lawrence will long perpetuate his memory. To Williams College he gave upwards of $40,000, and to Bunker Hill Monument large sums and personal effort.

Abbott Lawrence, the apprentice, became an eminent Boston merchant, besides holding many offices of public trust.

He