4. I have been carried over roads of iron with astonishing speed, by the power of steam; and the same immense force has often borne me swiftly over the waters, in spite of high wind or heavy tide. But the machine of machines is one which surpasses the rail-road or the steam-boat," in wonders. It is that machine by which iron is dug out of the earth, and transformed into smooth rails on a level road, and which is the father of the steam-engine!

с

5. Have you ever been into a large city? What numerous houses of all descriptions do you find! Dwellings, churches, markets, court-houses, stores, workshops, — all were made by this machine I speak of.

6. Were you ever in Philadelphia ? There, are the great Fairmount Water-works, which dip up water from the Schuyl kill river, and send it all over the city for the use of the inhabitants. What a machine it was, which made the great waterworks, and keeps them in operation!

7. Do you live in the neighborhood of the city of Boston ?! From great distances you can see the Bunker Hill Monument. It is a wonderful machine which erected it! Have you ever seen the Croton Aqueduct," of the great city of New York? What a wonderful piece of work it is!

NOTES. —a The first rail-road ever constructed for transportation of merchandise and passengers, was completed in England, in 1825. The first steam-boat was invented by an American named Fitch, about 1793; the first successful one, by Robert Fulton, of New York, in 1803. The steam-engine was first invented in England by the Marquis of Worcester, in 1663; reinvented by Captain Savary, in 1696, and subsequently much improved by Newcomen and Watt. Phil-a-del'phi-a; a city in Pennsylvania, the second in size in the United States. It is situated on the Delaware river, and contains 223,000 inhabitants. e Fair'mount water'-works; machinery by which the city of Philadelphia is supplied with pure water. The Schuylkill River is dammed up at Fairmount, and the water is conveyed from it into the city through iron pipes. 1 Boston; a large city in Massachusetts, containing 93,000 inhabitants. g Bunker Hill Monument; a monument in Charlestown, Mass., erected to the memory of those who fell in the battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1776. It is made of granite, 220 feet high, and 30 feet square at the base. The Croton Aqueduct was built by the city of New York at an expense of 12 millions of dollars; it will furnish 60,000,000 gallons of water daily. i New York'; the largest city in the United States, situated on Manhattan island, and containing 312,000 inhabitants.

8. A huge pipe of stone and mortar, over forty miles in extent, running over hills and valleys, even the solid rock not interrupting its course; and then miles of iron pipes, all passing through the ground under the streets of the city, carrying into the very houses of the citizens pure water which descended from heaven at a distance, it may be, of fifty or sixty miles! It must be a wonderful machine that made that aqueduct!

9. This machine, which can work such miracles, was made by the greatest Machinist of whom the world has ever heard, or will ever hear. He has made other machines equally wonderful, in some respects, and yet not to be compared with this in the astonishing nature of its construction and its work. I will attempt to describe some of the qualities of this machine.

10. It is a locomotive; that is, it moves from place to place. It differs from a rail-road locomotive in this, that the latter must move on iron rails, in one direction only; while the former can move in any direction. It moves by means of a very singular contrivance of cords, hinges, and levers, by which the instruments of motion are raised, advanced, and allowed to fall; and thus the machine is removed by itself from place to place, according to the will of the owner.

11. The rail-road locomotive must be stopped before it arrives at the end of the rails, or it will be much injured itself, and do serious damage to other things and persons. It cannot of itself lay down other rails so as to go further on, nor can it go on without rails; neither has it any apparatus by which it can support itself in the water.

12. If it should fall into a river, it would certainly sink. But the great machine of which I have spoken, has been sc contrived, that if the owner understands its use, and it falls into the water with him, it can be made to float on the surface, and even to cross the stream, if it is not too large, and reach dry land.

13. Nay, more; if the owner wishes, the machine can manage so as to cross rivers without wetting a particle, either by a contrivance arranged a little way up in the air, or by appa ratus constructed by itself, floating on the water.

14. This astonishing machine is provided with a sort of looking-glass, by which the owner perceives what is going on about him, and some things even at the distance of a vast number of miles.

15. It can also reveal what other people think; and I know of some cases where it actually shows what was going on thousands of years ago! Sometimes the appearances in this looking-glass are very beautiful indeed, and give the owner much delight.

16. The machine has also a drum, on which, if the people beat in a certain way, the owner understands and enjoys many things which he cannot get within the range of his looking-glass. Many persons experience a great deal of pleasure in having this drum beaten. I do myself.

17. There is an organ by which the owner sometimes makes known his wants, and sometimes discloses what has appeared in the looking-glass, or struck the drum. This organ, if properly used by the owner of the machine, can give much pleasure to other people; and frequently it has made persons weep as if their hearts would break, and others laugh with excessive delight.

18. No one ever heard of a paper-machine that made anything but paper; or of a pin-machine anything but pins; a printing-machine that did anything but print; or a sawingmachine anything but saw.

19. But this wonderful machine can work at all trades. It can make paper or paper-machines; pins or pin-machines;

NOTE. a The art of printing and printing-presses are said to have been invented 'n 1436, by John Gutenberg, of Mentz, in Germany.

177

printing-machines, sawing-machines, or machines of any other kind that can be thought of.

20. It can print and bind books, saw, sew, cook, make tables, lamps, chains, clocks, mirrors, crockery, or anything else. Indeed, if I were to make a catalogue of the various kinds of work which this machine can do, there would be no room for any other matter in this book, however small the type might be.

21. The way this machine is kept in operation is very curious. The substances necessary for this purpose, though of various kinds, are obtained by the machine itself, and put into a mill, where they are torn to pieces and ground very finely. After this, they pass into a reservoir, where they remain till they are softened and moistened.

22. They then go into other parts, where, by some means, after undergoing certain processes, they are thrust into numerous pipes, through which they pass into all parts of the machine; and so long as these substances are kept in motion, and renewed from time to time, so long does the machine have the of action.

power

23. This machine must be kept still for some hours every day, or it will very soon wear out. It sometimes gets out of order, on account of the improper substances put into it, and Instances are sometimes on account of violence done to it.

known, however, where it has lasted more than a hundred years before it ceased to be of use; and yet it has frequently been known to stop its action in a few hours.

you.

24. I have a machine like that I have imperfectly described, and so have It is the BODY. Do you take care of it properly? Do you use it aright? Are you sufficiently thankful to the great Machinist who gave you such a marvelous gift? The great Machinist is God. Do you love him for his goodness? Do you thank him for his favors?

25. The best thanks you can give him are obedience, mercy, purity, peace, honesty, gentleness, and goodness.

Then

determine that you will henceforth love and serve him as your Father and Friend.

QUESTIONS. What can this wonderful machine do more than the cotton-gin? 2. What is the cotton-gin, and who invented it? 3. What can the machine do more than the paper-mill? 3. How early was the art of making paper from cotton known? 3. When and where were paper-mills first built? 4. Of what is this machine the father? 4. When was the first rail-road completed? 4. When and by whom was the first successful steam-boat invented? 4. When and by whom was the steam-engine invented? 6. What is Philadelphia? 6. What are the Fair mount Water-works? 7. What is said of Boston? 7. What is Bunker Hill Mon ument? 7. What is said of New York? 8. What is the Croton Aqueduct ? 7. Wha did it cost? 9. Who made this wonderful machine? 10. What are some of its qualities? 18. When was the art of printing invented? 21. How is this machine kept in operation? 24. What is its name, and who made it? 25. What should we give him for his goodness?

LESSON XXVII.
Spell and Define.

1. Un-trod'den, not marked by the feet.

3. Ar-ray'ed, put in order.

3. Charger, a horse used in battle.

4. Steed, a horse.

4. Ar-til'le-ry, cannon.

5. Torrent, a rapid stream.

6. Can'o-py, a covering over head.
7. Com'bat, battle.

7. Chiv'al-ry, valor and dexterity.
8. Sep'ul-cher, a grave.

ERRORS. .-3. Hos'man for horse'man; 3. jine for join; 4. ar-til'ry for ar-til'lery; 7. tchiv'al-ry for chiv'al-ry; 8. so'jers for soldiers.

HOHENLINDEN.a

T. CAMPBELL.

1. ON Linden, when the sun was low,
All bloodless lay the untrodden snow,
And dark as winter was the flow

Of Iser' rolling rapidly.

2. But Linden saw another sight,

When the drum beat at dead of night,
Commanding fires of death to light

The darkness of her scenery.

NOTES. - a Ho'hen-lin'den; a valley in Bavaria, one of the German states, celebrated for the victory of the French over the Austrians, in 1800. b Iser (eser); a river in Bavaria, flowing into the Danube.