general system of work and improvement, 245.

gives exclusive possession of surface ground for mining purposes, 22.
locator exclusive beneficial use and possession, 104.

something more than right to vein, 120.

property in lode or vein to locator, 128.

good faith and speculative locations, 181.

governed by act under which made, 693.

customs and miners' rules, 96.

Government holds superior title in trust for locator, 21.

may question validity after judgment, 451.

will not intervene to protect property acquired by, 123.
protect as against trespass, 123.

Government's right to protect surface against timber cutting, 1327.
granted by mining laws, 104.

MINING LOCATIONS OR CLAIMS-Continued.

grantee protected by State registration statute, 122.
grantee's right to follow vein same as locator, 160.
grant from Government, 26.

of privilege by Congress, 49.

surface and veins a unity, 119.

reverts to Government on abandonment, 113.

grounds for forfeiture, 255.

grubstake contracts for making, 55.

held by incomplete title, 187.

subject to right of way, 592.

holder of sheriff's certificate not a coowner, 272.
holding by work under miners' rules, 653.

MINING LOCATIONS OR CLAIMS-Continued.

is a title that locator may hold and defend, 121.

is more than easement, 22.

issuance of patent for, 402.

joint locators take only statutory size, 63.

judicial notice as to, 189.

junior location including abandoned discovery shaft, 88.
on dip superior to senior, 156, 157.

questioned by third locator, 464.

locator's right of way, 591.

urisdiction of courts, 34, 163.

on questions relating to, 163.

Federal courts, 34, 163, 281, 455, 461, 497, 592.

Land Department, 105.

Secretary of Agriculture within forest reservation, 1168

justification for removal of timber

justifying trespass, 160.

knowledge of, 560.

on,

1335.

under one act and patent under later, 704.

original act and patent under later act, 666, 667.

who may make, 55.

within limits of prior location, 184.

locations combined constitute, 179.

locator acquires all veins or lodes apexing within surface lines, 693.

and title to survey, 443.

as owner before patent, 292.

assignee of the United States, 112.

bound by lines designated on surface, 233.

terms of patent, 667.

can not follow vein beyond end lines, 147.

confined to claim within the end line, 703.

entitled to all veins within planes of surface lines, 119.

exclusive enjoyment of surface, 115.

possession, 115.

fruits of labor, 141.

possession of surface, 703.

timber on surface, 703.

estate granted to, 112.

estopped by sale, 188.

to deny validity of relocation, 270.

makes so as to reach discovery vein, 57.

may adverse tunnel location, 174.

clear off timber for operation, 1325.
contract with mineral surveyor, 280.
hold by possession or by purchase, 188.
maintain suit to defend, 121.

protect timber growing thereon, 1346.

sell and assign after patent application, 329.

any part without prejudice, 124.

swing claim, 233.

transfer to assigns, 126.

heirs, 126.

must adopt actual discovery of another, 56.

comply with miners' rules and regulations, 122.

State and Federal statutes, 122.

have knowledge of former discoverer, 56.

not a trespasser, 112.

bound by mistake in record, 232.

required to be first discoverer, 56.
to purchase land, 112.

of irregular placer location not protected, 515.
prohibited from exporting timber cut, 1344.

MINING LOCATIONS OR CLAIMS-Continued.

locator protected, 701.

by stakes, 232.

while completing, 181.
making discovery, 109.

sinking shaft, 192.

restricted to surface lines, 322.

rights superior to tunnel owner, 113.

right to ores without purchasing land, 112.

superior rights, 113.

surface right as adjunct to lode claim, 113.

locator's authority to cut and remove timber, 1344.
exclusive right to vein, 111, 112.

possession extends to boundary lines, 115.

inconsistent with vacancy, 1173.

possessory rights, 110.

qualified right, 113.

rights as against conflict area, 326.

intruder, 116.

reservations, 189.

town-site claimant, 1368.

tunnel owner, 167

determined by surface lines, 182, 696.

limited by end lines, 147.

on irregular location, 144.

restricted to location on vein, 326.

subject to town site, 517.

superior to town-site claimant, 22.

suspended by statute, 1011.

to convey in parcels, 94.

file additional certificate, 205.
patent, 189.

follow vein, 159.

within forest reservation, 115.

vested right in, 93.

locus accurately fixed, 340.

lode and placer claims, 94.

claim, location within placer limits, 95.

mineral paint rock as, 324.

placer deposits not acquired by, 95.

laws applied to placer claims, 509.

subject to location, 648.

loss of discovery point or shaft, 465.

made after entry and payment, 397.

and patented under separate statutes, 645.

by agent, 27, 56.

women, 27.

in accordance with law and local customs or miners' rules, 94.

accordance with State regulations, 190.

conformity with miners' rules, 96.

State regulations, 96.

names of bona fide locators, 56.

shore waters of Alaska, 871.

lengthwise of vein, 138.

under original act relocated under later act, 704.

making on Indian allotted lands, 1186.

mandatory provisions as to width, 60.

requirements, 178.

manner and method of making, 54.
of securing cash entry, 785.

marking boundaries essential, 181.

necessary if possession not actual, 206.

on ground necessary, 177, 181, 653, 694, 700.
not required by original act, 653.

required in Philippines, 1055.

so boundaries can be traced, necessary, 181.

56974°-Bull. 94, pt 2—15-51